1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationElectromagnetic compatibility(EMC)Part 4-21: Testing and measurement techniques Reverberation chamber test methodsBS EN 61000-4-21:2011National forewordThis British Standard is t
2、he UK implementation of EN 61000-4-21:2011. It is identical to IEC 61000-4-21:2011. It supersedes BS EN 61000-4-21:2003 which will be withdrawn on 3 March 2014.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee GEL/210, EMC - Policy committee, to Subcommittee GEL/210/12, EM
3、C basic, generic and low frequency phenomena Standardization.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. B
4、SI 2011ISBN 978 0 580 64788 8 ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2011.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Da
5、te Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61000-4-21:2011EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61000-4-21 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM April 2011 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Management
6、Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B - 1000 Brussels 2011 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61000-4-21:2011 E ICS 33.100.10; 33.100.20 Supersedes EN 61000-4-21:2003English version Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-
7、21: Testing and measurement techniques - Reverberation chamber test methods (IEC 61000-4-21:2011) Compatibilit lectromagntique (CEM) - Partie 4-21: Techniques dessai et de mesure - Mthodes dessai en chambre rverbrante (CEI 61000-4-21:2011) Elektromagnetische Vertrglichkeit (EMV) - Teil 4-21: Prf- un
8、d Messverfahren - Verfahren fr die Prfung in der Modenverwirbelungskammer (IEC 61000-4-21:2011) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2011-03-03. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard
9、 the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French,
10、 German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bul
11、garia, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN 610
12、00-4-21:2011EN 61000-4-21:2011 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 77B/619/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61000-4-21, prepared by SC 77B, High frequency phenomena, of IEC TC 77, Electromagnetic compatibility, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61000-4-21 o
13、n 2011-03-03. This European Standard supersedes EN 61000-4-21:2003. EN 61000-4-21:2011 includes the following significant technical changes with respect to EN 61000-4-21:2003: In Clause 8, the use and specifications of E-field probes for application to reverberation chambers has been added. Addition
14、al Notes refer to general aspects and procedures of probe calibrations. The specified range for linearity of the probe response is larger and covers an asymmetric interval compared to that for use in anechoic chambers (see Annex I of EN 61000-4-3), because the fluctuations of power and fields in rev
15、erberation chambers exhibit a larger dynamic range, and the chamber validation procedure is based on using maximum field values, as opposed to the field itself or its average value, respectively. In Annex A, additional guidance and clarifications on the use of reverberation chambers at relatively lo
16、w frequencies of operation (i.e., close to the lowest usable frequency of a given chamber) are given, and its implications on the estimation of field uncertainty are outlined. Guidelines on cable-layout have been added. A rationale has been added that explains the relaxation of the field uniformity
17、requirement below 400 MHz, being a compromise between scientific-technical and economical reasons when using chambers around 100 MHz. A first-order correction for the threshold value of the correlation coefficient at relatively low numbers of tuner positions has been added. Issues regarding the use
18、of non-equidistant tuner positions at low frequencies are discussed in an additional note. In Annex B, symmetric location of the field probes when the chamber exhibits cylindrical symmetry has been disallowed, as such placement could otherwise yield a false indication of field uniformity and chamber
19、 performance at different locations. The difference between start frequency for chamber validation and lowest test frequency has been clarified. The tuner sequencing for chamber validation and testing is now specified to be equal in both cases. In sample requirements for chamber validation, emphasis
20、 is now on the required minimum number of independent tuner steps to be used, whereas the minimum recommended number of samples per frequency interval has been replaced with he number of independent samples that the tuner can provide per frequency, for use in case when the chamber validation fails f
21、or the required minimum number. Annex C now contains more quantitative guidance on the setting of the maximum permissible stirring speeds that warrant quasi-static conditions of operation for chamber validation and testing. Consideration is given to all characteristic time scales of all components o
22、r subsystems of a measurement or test. Specific issues relating to chamber validation, immunity testing and bandwidth are addressed. Particular requirements for field probes when used with mode stirred operation are listed. In Annex D, a requirement for the EUT and equipment not to occupy more than
23、8 % of the total chamber volume in immunity testing has been added. The maximum number of frequency points and the formula to calculate these points have been generalized. A mandatory specification for including the measurement equipment, test plan and cable layout in the test report has been added
24、to resolve any dispute in case of discrepancies, particularly for low-frequency immunity testing. Annex E has been extended with further guidance on the value of EUT directivity to be used in the estimation of radiated power and field. Extended estimates have been added for the maximum directivity o
25、f electrically large, anisotropically radiating EUTs and for radiated emissions in the presence of a ground plane. A mandatory specification for including the measurement equipment, test plan and cable layout in the test report has been added to resolve any dispute in case of discrepancies, particul
26、arly for low-frequency emissions testing. In Annex I, some clarifications on antenna efficiency measurements have been added. BS EN 61000-4-21:2011- 3 - EN 61000-4-21:2011 A new Annex K has been added that covers measurement uncertainty in reverberation chambers. The intrinsic field uncertainty for
27、chamber validation, immunity and emissions measurements is quantified. Other contributors to measurement uncertainty are listed. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and CENELEC shall not be held responsible for ide
28、ntifying any or all such patent rights. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2011-12-03 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to
29、be withdrawn (dow) 2014-03-03 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61000-4-21:2011 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added f
30、or the standards indicated: IEC 61000-4-6 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61000-4-6. CISPR 16-1-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-2 CISPR 16-1-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-3. CISPR 16-1-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-4. CISPR 16-1-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-1-5. CISPR 16-2-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2
31、-1. CISPR 16-2-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-2. CISPR 16-2-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-4. CISPR 16-2-5 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55016-2-5. CISPR 22 NOTE Harmonized as EN 55022. _ BS EN 61000-4-21:2011EN 61000-4-21:2011 - 4 - Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications
32、with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NO
33、TE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60050-161 + A1 + A2 1990 1997 1998 International Electrotechnical Vocabulary (IEV) - Chapter 161: Electromagnetic compatibility - - IE
34、C 60068-1 - Environmental testing - Part 1: General and guidance EN 60068-1 - IEC 61000-4-3 + A1 2006 2007 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Radiated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test EN 61000-4-3 + A1 2006 2008 CISPR 16-1-1 - Sp
35、ecification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus EN 55016-1-1 2010 CISPR 16-2-3 - Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and methods -Part 2-3: Methods of m
36、easurement of disturbances and immunity - Radiated disturbance measurements EN 55016-2-3 2010 BS EN 61000-4-21:2011 2 61000-4-21 IEC:2011 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 7 1 Scope . 8 2 Normative references . 8 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 9 3.1 Terms and definitions 9 3.2 Abbreviations 12 4 Gener
37、al 13 5 Test environments and limitations 13 6 Applications 14 6.1 Radiated immunity . 14 6.2 Radiated emissions . 14 6.3 Shielding (screening) effectiveness . 14 7 Test equipment . 14 8 Chamber validation. 15 9 Testing . 16 10 Test results, test report and test conditions 16 Annex A (informative) R
38、everberation chamber overview 17 Annex B (normative) Chamber validation for mode-tuned operation . 41 Annex C (normative) Chamber validation and testing for mode-stirred operation 50 Annex D (normative) Radiated immunity tests 56 Annex E (normative) Radiated emissions measurements . 61 Annex F (info
39、rmative) Shielding effectiveness measurements of cable assemblies, cables, connectors, waveguides and passive microwave components . 68 Annex G (informative) Shielding effectiveness measurements of gaskets and materials . 72 Annex H (informative) Shielding effectiveness measurements of enclosures 82
40、 Annex I (informative) Antenna efficiency measurements 89 Annex J (informative) Direct evaluation of reverberation performance using field anisotropy and field inhomogeneity coefficients 91 Annex K (informative) Measurement uncertainty for chamber validation Emission and immunity testing . 100 Bibli
41、ography 107 Figure A.1 Typical field uniformity for 200 independent tuner steps 32 Figure A.2 Theoretical modal structure for a 10,8 m 5,2 m 3,9 m chamber . 32 Figure A.3 Theoretical modal structure with small Q-bandwidth (high Q) superimposed on 60thmode 33 Figure A.4 Theoretical modal structure wi
42、th greater Q-bandwidth (lower Q) superimposed on 60thmode 33 Figure A.5 Typical reverberation chamber facility . 34 Figure A.6 Theoretical sampling requirements for 95 % confidence 34 Figure A.7 Normalized PDF of an electric field component at a fixed location for a measurement with a single sample
43、. 35 BS EN 61000-4-21:201161000-4-21 IEC:2011 3 Figure A.8 Normalised PDF of the mean of an electric field component at one fixed location for a measurement with N independent samples 35 Figure A.9 Normalised PDF of the maximum of an electric field component at a fixed location for a measurement wit
44、h N independent samples 36 Figure A.10 Chamber working volume 37 Figure A.11 Typical probe data 37 Figure A.12 Mean-normalized data for x-component of 8 probes 38 Figure A.13 Standard deviation of data for E-field components of 8 probes 38 Figure A.14 Distribution of absorbers for loading effects te
45、st . 39 Figure A.15 Magnitude of loading from loading effects test 39 Figure A.16 Standard deviation data of electric field components for eight probes in the loaded chamber 40 Figure B.1 Probe locations for chamber validation . 49 Figure C.1 Received power (dBm) as a function of tuner rotation (s)
46、at 500 MHz . 55 Figure C.2 Received power (dBm) as a function of tuner rotation (s) at 1 000 MHz 55 Figure D.1 Example of suitable test facility. 60 Figure E.1 Example of suitable test facility . 66 Figure E.2 Relating to the calculation of the geometry factor for radiated emissions 67 Figure F.1 Ty
47、pical test set-up 71 Figure G.1 Typical test set-up 80 Figure G.2 Typical test fixture installation for gasket and/or material testing 80 Figure G.3 Test fixture configured for validation . 81 Figure H.1 Typical test enclosure installation for floor mounted enclosure testing 88 Figure H.2 Typical te
48、st enclosure installation for bench mounted enclosure testing 88 Figure J.1 Theoretical and typical measured distributions for field anisotropy coefficients in a well-stirred chamber 97 Figure J.2 Theoretical and typical measured distributions for field anisotropy coefficients in a poorly stirred ch
49、amber . 98 Figure J.3 Typical measured values for field anisotropy coefficients as a function of N in a well-stirred chamber . 99 Figure K.1 Average emitted power as a function of frequency for a typical unintentional radiator 105 Figure K.2 Estimated standard uncertainty . 105 Figure K.3 Mean normalized width (in dB) of a %-confidence interval 106 Figure K.4 Individual mean-normalized interval boundaries (in linear units) for ma
