1、BSI Standards PublicationOptical amplifiers Test methodsPart 10-5: Multichannel parameters Distributed Raman amplifier gain and noise figureBS EN 61290-10-5:2014National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61290-10-5:2014. It isidentical to IEC 61290-10-5:2014.The UK partici
2、pation in its preparation was entrusted by TechnicalCommittee GEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/3, Fibre optic systems and active devices.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the n
3、ecessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2014.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2014ISBN 978 0 580 80341 3ICS 33.180.30Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard
4、was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61290-10-5:2014EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 61290-10-5 July 2014 ICS 33.180.30 English Versi
5、on Optical amplifiers - Test methods - Part 10-5: Multichannel parameters - Distributed Raman amplifier gain and noise figure (IEC 61290-10-5:2014) Amplificateurs optiques - Mthodes dessai - Partie 10-5: Paramtres canaux multiples - Gain et facteur de bruit des amplificateurs Raman rpartis (CEI 6129
6、0-10-5:2014) Prfverfahren fr Lichtwellenleiter-Verstrker - Teil 10-5: Mehrkanalparameter - Verstrkung und Rauschzahl von verteilten Raman-Verstrkern (IEC 61290-10-5:2014) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2014-06-27. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal R
7、egulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENEL
8、EC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official
9、versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta
10、, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Ma
11、nagement Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 61290-10-5:2014 E BS EN 61290-10-5:2014EN 61290-10-5:2014 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 86C/1142/CDV, future edition 1 of
12、IEC 61290-10-5, prepared by SC 86C “Fibre optic systems and active devices” of IEC/TC 86 “Fibre optics“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61290-10-5:2014. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national lev
13、el by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2015-03-27 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2017-06-27 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject o
14、f patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61290-10-5:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official version, for Bibliog
15、raphy, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 61290-3 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61290-3. IEC 61290-10-4 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61290-10-4. BS EN 61290-10-5:2014- 3 - EN 61290-10-5:2014 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corres
16、ponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an
17、y amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu Publication
18、 Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 60825-1 - Safety of laser products - Part 1: Equipment classification and requirements EN 60825-1 - IEC 61291-1 - Optical amplifiers - Part 1: Generic specification EN 61291-1 - IEC 61291-4 - Optical amplifiers - Part 4: Multichannel applications - Performance specificatio
19、n template EN 61291-4 - IEC/TR 61292-4 - Optical amplifiers - Part 4: Maximum permissible optical power for the damage-free and safe use of optical amplifiers, including Raman amplifiers - - BS EN 61290-10-5:2014 2 IEC 61290-10-5:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS 1 Scope and object . 5 2 Normative references 5
20、 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 6 3.1 Terms and definitions 6 3.2 Abbreviated terms . 7 4 DRA gain and noise figure parameters Overview 7 5 Apparatus 9 5.1 General . 9 5.2 Multi-channel signal source . 10 5.3 Polarization controller . 11 5.4 Optical spectrum analyser . 11 5.5 Optical power
21、 meter 12 5.6 Tuneable narrowband source 12 5.7 Broadband optical source . 12 5.8 Optical connectors and jumpers 12 6 Test sample . 12 7 Procedure 12 7.1 Overview. 12 7.1.1 Channel on-off gain . 12 7.1.2 Pump module channel insertion loss and channel net gain 13 7.1.3 Channel equivalent noise figure
22、 (NF) . 13 7.2 Calibration 13 7.2.1 Calibration of optical bandwidth . 13 7.2.2 Calibration of OSA power correction factor 15 7.3 Measurement 15 7.4 Calculation 17 7.4.1 Channel on-off gain . 17 7.4.2 Channel net gain . 17 7.4.3 Channel equivalent NF. 17 8 Test results . 17 Annex A (informative) Fie
23、ld measurements versus laboratory measurements 19 Annex B (informative) Pump depletion and channel-to-channel Raman scattering 20 Bibliography 21 Figure 1 Distributed Raman amplification in co-propagating (left) and count-propagating (right) configurations . 9 Figure 2 Measurement set-up without a p
24、ump module 10 Figure 3 Measurement set-up for counter-propagating configuration 10 Figure 4 Measurement set-up for co-propagating configuration 10 Figure 5 Possible implementation of a multi-channel signal source 11 BS EN 61290-10-5:2014IEC 61290-10-5:2014 IEC 2014 5 OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS TEST METHODS
25、Part 10-5: Multichannel parameters Distributed Raman amplifier gain and noise figure 1 Scope and object This part of IEC 61290 applies to distributed Raman amplifiers (DRAs). DRAs are based on the process whereby Raman pump power is introduced into the transmission fibre, leading to signal amplifica
26、tion within the transmission fibre through stimulated Raman scattering. A detailed overview of the technology and applications of DRAs can be found in IEC TR 61292-6. A fundamental difference between these amplifiers and discrete amplifiers, such as EDFAs, is that the latter can be described using a
27、 black box approach with well-defined input and output ports. On the other hand, a DRA is basically a pump module, with the actual amplification process taking place along the transmission fibre. This difference means that standard methods described in other parts of IEC 61290 for measuring amplifie
28、r parameters, such as gain and noise figure, cannot be applied without modification. The object of this standard is to establish uniform requirements for accurate and reliable measurements, using an optical spectrum analyser (OSA), of the following DRA parameters: a) channel on-off gain; b) pump uni
29、t insertion loss; c) channel net gain; d) channel signal-spontaneous noise figure. The measurement method is largely based on the interpolated source subtraction (ISS) method using an optical spectrum analyser, as described and elaborated in IEC 61290-10-4, with relevant modifications relating to a
30、DRA. All numerical values followed by () are suggested values for which the measurement is assured. Other values may be acceptable but should be verified. NOTE General aspects of noise figure test methods are reported in IEC 61290-3. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in par
31、t, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60825-1, Safety of laser products Part 1: Equi
32、pment classification and requirements IEC 61291-1, Optical amplifiers Part 1: Generic specification IEC 61291-4, Optical amplifiers Part 4: Multichannel applications Performance specification template BS EN 61290-10-5:2014 6 IEC 61290-10-5:2014 IEC 2014 IEC TR 61292-4, Optical amplifiers Part 4: Max
33、imum permissible optical power for the damage-free and safe use of optical amplifiers, including Raman amplifiers 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions 3.1.1 Raman pump power optical power produced by the DRA to enable Raman amplification of signal channels Note 1 to entry
34、: The Raman pump power shall be at a lower wavelength than the signal channels. 3.1.2 fibre span length of fibre into which signal channels and Raman pump power are introduced, and Raman amplification of the signal channels takes place via stimulated Raman scattering 3.1.3 co-propagating configurati
35、on forward pumping configuration configuration whereby the Raman pump power is coupled to the input of the fibre span such that the signal channels and Raman pump power propagate in the same (forward) direction 3.1.4 counter-propagating configuration backward pumping configuration configuration wher
36、eby the Raman pump power is coupled to the output of the fibre span such that the signal channels and Raman pump power propagate in opposite directions 3.1.5 pump module module that produces Raman pump power and couples it into the connected fibre span Note 1 to entry: If the pump module is connecte
37、d to the input of the fibre span, then both the incoming signal channels and Raman pump power are coupled to the fibre span. Note 2 to entry: If the pump module is connected to the output of the fibre span, then the pump power is coupled into the fibre span, while the signal channels exiting the fib
38、re span pass through the pump module from the input port to the output port. Note 3 to entry: In this standard, the convention will be used whereby the input port of the pump module is defined as the port into which the signal channels enter, while the output port is defined as the port through whic
39、h the signal channels exit. Thus, in co-propagating configuration the Raman pump power exits the pump module from the output port, while in counter-propagating configuration the Raman pump power exits the pump module from the input port. 3.1.6 channel on-off gain Gon-offratio of the channel power at
40、 the output of the fibre span when the pump module is operational to the channel power at the same point when the pump module is not operational 3.1.7 pump module channel insertion loss IL ratio of the channel power at the input of the pump module to the channel power at the output of the pump modul
41、e BS EN 61290-10-5:2014IEC 61290-10-5:2014 IEC 2014 7 3.1.8 channel net gain Gnetchannel on-off gain minus the pump module channel insertion loss, in dB 3.1.9 channel equivalent noise figure NFsig-ASE,eqchannel noise figure due to signal-spontaneous beat noise (see IEC 61290-3) of an equivalent disc
42、rete amplifier placed at the output of the fibre span which has the same channel gain as the DRA channel on-off gain, and generates the same amount of ASE as that generated by the DRA at the output of the fibre span. 3.2 Abbreviated terms ASE amplified spontaneous emission DRA distributed Raman ampl
43、ifier EDFA Erbium doped fibre amplifier FWHM full-width half-maximum GFF gain flattening filter ISS interpolated source subtraction NF noise figure RBW resolution bandwidth OSA optical spectrum analyser OSNR optical signal-to-noise ratio PCF power correction factor SMF single-mode fibre SSE source s
44、pontaneous emission VOA variable optical attenuator 4 DRA gain and noise figure parameters Overview NOTE Unless specifically stated otherwise, all equation and definitions in this clause and onwards are given in linear units, and not dB. Figure 1 shows the application of DRAs in co-propagating (forw
45、ard pumping) and counter-propagating (backward pumping) configurations. As a general rule, counter propagating configuration is much more widely used compared to co-propagating configuration. As with any amplifier, one of the main parameters of interest is the channel gain (see IEC 61291-1 and IEC 6
46、1291-4). However, unlike discrete amplifiers, where the channel gain is simply defined as the ratio of the channel power at the output port to the channel power at the input port, with a DRA, the situation is more complex. In principle, the DRA includes both the pump module, which supplies the pump
47、power, and the fibre span, where the actual amplification takes place. Thus, one option for defining channel gain is to define it as the ratio of the channel power at point C (Figure 1) to the channel power at point A, while the pumps are operational. However, since this definition also include the
48、fibre span loss, which is often larger than the gain supplied by the Raman pumps, this definition is not very useful. A much more useful quantity is the channel on-off gain, which is defined as the ratio of the channel power at the output of the fibre span when the Raman pumps are on to the channel
49、power at the same point but when the pumps are off (see the graphs in Figure 1). BS EN 61290-10-5:2014 8 IEC 61290-10-5:2014 IEC 2014 offonoffonPPG = (1) In practice, the channel on-off gain may be measured at any point following the fibre span, for example point C for co-propagating configuration, or points B and C for the counter-propagating configuration. Another parameter of interest for DRAs is the pump module channel insertion loss, which is defined as the ratio of the channe
