1、Optical amplifiers Testmethods Part 3-2: Noise figure parameters Electricalspectrum analyzer methodBS EN 61290-3-2:2008raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI British StandardsNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation
2、 of EN 61290-3-2:2008. It isidentical to IEC 61290-3-2:2008. It supersedes BS EN 61290-3-2:2003 whichis withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteeGEL/86, Fibre optics, to Subcommittee GEL/86/3, Fibre optic systems andactive devices.A list of organizations
3、represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 62671 5ICS 33.180.30BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61290-3-2:2008Complianc
4、e with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedMarch 200931EUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61290-3-2 NORME EUROPENNE EUR
5、OPISCHE NORM October 2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B - 1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form
6、and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61290-3-2:2008 E ICS 33.180.30 Supersedes EN 61290-3-2:2003English version Optical amplifiers - Test methods - Part 3-2: Noise figure parameters - Electrical spectrum analyzer method (IEC 61290-3-2:2008) Amplificateurs optiques - M
7、thodes dessais - Partie 3-2: Paramtres du facteur de bruit - Mthode de lanalyseur spectral lectrique (CEI 61290-3-2:2008) Lichtwellenleiter-Verstrker - Prfverfahren - Teil 3-2: Rauschzahlparameter - Verfahren mit elektrischem Spektralanalysator (IEC 61290-3-2:2008) This European Standard was approve
8、d by CENELEC on 2008-10-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationa
9、l standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language a
10、nd notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, L
11、ithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. EN 61290-3-2:2008 - 2 - Foreword The text of document 86C/784/CDV, future edition 2 of IEC 61290-3-2, prepared by SC 86C, Fibre optic systems and ac
12、tive devices, of IEC TC 86, Fibre optics, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61290-3-2 on 2008-10-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 61290-3-2:2003. EN 61290-3-2:2008 includes updates to specifically address all types of optical amplifiers, not jus
13、t optical fibre amplifiers. This standard is to be used in conjunction with EN 61290-3 and EN 61291-1. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2009-07-01 latest date b
14、y which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2011-10-01 Annex ZA has been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61290-3-2:2008 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. In the official ver
15、sion, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60793 NOTE Harmonized in EN 60793 series (modified). IEC 60825-1 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60825-1:2007 (not modified). IEC 60825-2 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60825-2:2004 (not modified). IEC 60874-1 NOTE Harmonized
16、 as EN 60874-1:2007 (not modified). _ BS EN 61290-3-2:2008- 3 - EN 61290-3-2:2008 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For date
17、d references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE When an international publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. Publication Year T
18、itle EN/HD Year IEC 60728-6 -1)Cable networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services - Part 6: Optical equipment EN 60728-6 20032)IEC 61290-3 -1)Optical amplifiers - Test methods - Part 3: Noise figure parameters EN 61290-3 20082)IEC 61291-1 -1)Optical amplifiers - Part 1: Ge
19、neric specification EN 61291-1 20062)1)Undated reference. 2)Valid edition at date of issue. BS EN 61290-3-2:2008 2 61290-3-2 IEC:2008 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.5 1 Scope and object6 2 Normative references .6 3 Symbols, acronyms and abbreviations7 4 Apparatus.8 5 Test specimen 10 6 Procedure 10 6.1 Frequ
20、ency-scanning technique: calibration11 6.2 Frequency-scanning technique: measurement.12 6.3 Selected-frequency technique: calibration and measurement 13 6.4 Measurement accuracy limitations.13 7 Calculation .14 7.1 Calculation of calibration results14 7.2 Calculation of test results for the frequenc
21、y-scanning technique15 7.3 Calculation of test results for the selected-frequency technique.15 8 Test results 16 Bibliography17 Figure 1 Scheme of a measurement set-up 9 BS EN 61290-3-2:200861290-3-2 IEC:2008 5 INTRODUCTION This part of IEC 61290 is devoted to the subject of optical amplifiers. The
22、technology of optical amplifiers is still rapidly evolving, hence amendments and new additions to this standard can be expected. Each symbol and abbreviation introduced in this standard is generally explained in the text the first time it appears. However, for an easier understanding of the whole te
23、xt, a list of all symbols and abbreviations used in this standard is given in Clause 3. BS EN 61290-3-2:2008 6 61290-3-2 IEC:2008 OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS TEST METHODS Part 3-2: Noise figure parameters Electrical spectrum analyzer method 1 Scope and object This part of IEC 61290 applies to all commerciall
24、y available optical amplifiers (OAs), including OAs using optically pumped fibres (OFAs based on either rare-earth doped fibres or on the Raman effect), semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) and planar waveguide optical amplifiers (PWOAs). The object of this standard is to establish uniform requir
25、ements for accurate and reliable measurements, by means of the electrical spectrum analyzer (ESA) method, of the noise figure, as defined in IEC 61291-1. The present test method is based on direct electrical noise measurement and it is directly related to its definition including all relevant noise
26、contributions. Therefore, this method can be used for all types of optical amplifiers, including SOA and Raman amplifiers which can have significant contributions besides amplified spontaneous emission, because it measures the total noise figure. For further details of applicability, see IEC 61290-3
27、. An alternative test method based on the optical spectrum analyzer can be used, particularly for different noise parameters (such as the signal-spontaneous noise factor) but it is not included in the object of this standard. NOTE 1 All numerical values followed by () are suggested values for which
28、the measurement is assured. Other values may be acceptable but should be verified. NOTE 2 A measurement accuracy for the average noise factor of 20 %(), respectively 1 dB, should be attainable with this method (see Clause 6). NOTE 3 General aspects of noise figure test methods are reported in IEC 61
29、290-3. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60728-6, Cable
30、networks for television signals, sound signals and interactive services Part 6: Optical equipment IEC 61290-3: Optical fibre amplifiers Basic specification Part 3: Test methods for noise figure parameters1IEC 61291-1, Optical amplifiers Part 1: Generic specification NOTE A list of informative refere
31、nces is given in the bibliography. _ 1The first editions of some of these parts were published under the general title Optical fibre amplifiers Basic specification or Optical amplifiers Test methods. Future editions of these parts will appear under the new general title listed above. The individual
32、titles of Parts 1-1, 3-1, 5-2, 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 11-1 and 11-2 will be updated in future editions of these parts to reflect the overall structure of the series. BS EN 61290-3-2:200861290-3-2 IEC:2008 7 3 Symbols, acronyms and abbreviations For the purposes of this document, the following symbols, ac
33、ronyms and abbreviations apply. Becalibrated, noise equivalent ESA electrical bandwidth (not necessarily the resolution bandwidth) c speed of light in vacuum e electron charge f baseband frequency F (total) noise factor Fnon-mpi, frequency-independent contribution to total noise factor Fmpinoise fac
34、tor contribution from multiple path interference noise (OA internal reflections) G OA optical signal gain h Plancks constant k optical power reduction factor (default k = 0,5); it can be obtained by taking the square root of the electrical power reduction factor optical frequency = c/ source FWHM li
35、newidth with modulation on H0, H0(f) Sesa/Pin2= transfer function of receiver in watts1Impimulti-path interference figure of merit, the noise factor contribution caused by multiple path interference integrated over all baseband frequencies (0 to infinity); Ipdphotodetector current wavelength in vacu
36、um m relative modulation amplitude (the ratio of RMS optical power modulation amplitude to average optical power) NF(f) (total) noise figure Nrin,0(f) (frequency-dependent) ESA noise contribution caused by the laser relative intensity noise, at calibration conditions Nrin,1(frequency-dependent) nois
37、e caused by the laser relative intensity noise (RIN), measured with ESA Nshot,0(frequency-independent) shot noise caused by the optical input power, at calibration conditions, measured with ESA Nthermalthermal noise level as measured with ESA (optical input port of receiver module closed); N0(f) (fr
38、equency-dependent) noise power measured with ESA with input and output attenuator set to 0 dB, thermal noise level subtracted, without OA test device N0(f) (frequency-dependent) noise power measured with ESA with input attenuator set to 3 dB (default) and output attenuator set to 0 dB, thermal noise
39、 level subtracted, without OA test device N1(f) frequency-dependent noise power, with OA inserted, thermal noise level subtracted, measured with ESA Pintime-averaged optical input power = TinPin,0(with modulation on); optical power radiated from the end of the input jumper cable Pin, 0time-averaged
40、optical input power at 0 dB setting of input attenuator (with modulation on) Pin, rmsRMS optical power amplitude Pouttotal optical power radiated from the output port of the OA, including the ASE BS EN 61290-3-2:2008 8 61290-3-2 IEC:2008 r0, r0(f) effective photodetector responsivity through output
41、attenuator at 0 dB setting RINsource(f) source relative intensity noise; generally, the square of the RMS optical power fluctuation divided by the (baseband) bandwidth and the square of the CW power S0electrical power of the modulation signal at Tin= 1, measured with ESA, without OA inserted S1elect
42、rical power of the modulation signal, with OA inserted, measured with ESA Tintransmission factor of input attenuator relative to transmission at 0 dB setting, expressed in linear form Touttransmission factor of output attenuator relative to transmission at 0 dB setting, expressed in linear form Txvo
43、ltage amplification between detector output and ESA input; this quantity usually depends on the baseband frequency CW continuous wave DFB distributed feedback laser ESA electrical spectrum analyzer FWHM full width at half maximum MPI multiple path interference OA optical fibre amplifier RIN relative
44、 intensity noise of the source, expressed in Hz1RMS root mean square 4 Apparatus The scheme of a possible implementation of the measurement set-up is shown in Figure 1. The test equipment listed below, with the required characteristics, is needed. a) A source module with the following components 1)
45、A laser source with a single-line spectrum, for example: a distributed feedback (DFB) laser diode. The laser source shall be sine-wave amplitude modulated with one single frequency that is sufficiently higher than the linewidth of the source. A modulation frequency at least 3 times higher than the l
46、inewidth is advisable. The relative modulation amplitude, m (that is, the ratio of root mean square, RMS, optical power modulation amplitude to average optical power) shall be sufficiently small to ensure operation in the linear regime. A value for m of 2 % to 10 %() is considered adequate. Direct o
47、r external modulation can be used. An achievable average output power, Pin, 0, of not less than 0 dBm is advisable, to be able to generate the desired OA saturation state. The linewidth FWHM (full width at half maximum) under modulation shall be between 20 MHz() and 100 MHz(). This is considered the
48、 best range for accurate determination of the noise contribution from multiple path interference, because it closely reflects the typical linewidths of DFB lasers, the typical laser source used in conjunction with OAs. A linewidth of 20 MHz is adequate for a minimum spacing of 7,5 m between the OA i
49、nternal reflection points. Using narrower linewidths will lead to the undesired situation that the OA internal reflections interfere in a coherent way and that substantially different noise figure results are obtained. A linewidth of more than 100 MHz will cause OA noise contributions at frequencies which are higher than the high end of the ESA bandwidth. The relative intensity noise (RIN) of the laser source shall be less than 150 dB/Hz() within t
