1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61310-1:2008Safety of machinery Indication, marking and actuation Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signalsICS 13.110; 29.020g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g5
2、3g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN 61310-1:2008This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 February 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 54537 5National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementatio
3、n of EN 61310-1:2008. It is identical to IEC 61310-1:2007. It supersedes BS EN 61310-1:1995 which is withdrawn. The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee GEL/44, Safety of machinery Electrotechnical aspects.A list of organizations represented on this committee can
4、be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publi
5、cationDate CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARD EN 61310-1 NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM February 2008 CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung Central Secretariat: rue de Stassart 35, B -
6、1050 Brussels 2008 CENELEC - All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC members. Ref. No. EN 61310-1:2008 E ICS 13.110 Supersedes EN 61310-1:1995English version Safety of machinery - Indication, marking and actuation - Part 1: Requirements for visual, acou
7、stic and tactile signals (IEC 61310-1:2007) Scurit des machines - Indication, marquage et manoeuvre - Partie 1: Exigences pour les signaux visuels, acoustiques et tactiles (CEI 61310-1:2007) Sicherheit von Maschinen - Anzeigen, Kennzeichen und Bedienen - Teil 1: Anforderungen an sichtbare, hrbare un
8、d tastbare Signale (IEC 61310-1:2007) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2007-12-01. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.
9、 Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translat
10、ion under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finla
11、nd, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Foreword The text of document 44/540/FDIS, future edition 2 of IEC 61310-1,
12、prepared by IEC TC 44, Safety of machinery - Electrotechnical aspects, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and was approved by CENELEC as EN 61310-1 on 2007-12-01. This European Standard supersedes EN 61310-1:1995. EN 61310-1:2007 includes the following significant technical changes with
13、respect to EN 61310-1:1995: adapted to the basic standards EN 60073, IEC 60417, ISO 3864-1, ISO 7000 and ISO 7010. The following dates were fixed: latest date by which the EN has to be implemented at national level by publication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2008-09-01 l
14、atest date by which the national standards conflicting with the EN have to be withdrawn (dow) 2010-12-01 This European Standard has been prepared under a mandate given to CENELEC by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association and covers essential requirements of EC Directives MD
15、(98/37/EC) and MD (2006/42/EC). See Annex ZZ. Annexes ZA and ZZ have been added by CENELEC. _ Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61310-1:2007 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. _ EN 61310-1:2008 2 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION.4 1 Scope.5 2 No
16、rmative references .5 3 Terms and definitions .6 4 Presentation of safety-related information 8 4.1 General .8 4.2 Visual signals 10 4.3 Acoustic signals 12 4.4 Tactile signals .13 5 Information coding13 5.1 General .13 5.2 Coding of visual signals.13 5.3 Coding of acoustic signals.14 5.4 Coding of
17、tactile signals 15 Annex A (informative) Graphical symbols related to the operation of actuators 17 Bibliography.21 Figure 1 Open-loop control, action and information systems 4 Figure 2 Zones of vertical field of vision.11 Figure 3 Zones of horizontal field of vision.11 Figure 4 Examples of shapes t
18、hat can be discriminated by touch alone .16 Table 1 Examples of signals 10 Table 2 Meaning of colours for coding General principles .14 Table 3 Coding by supplementary means to colour (visual codes)14 Table 4 Acoustic signals 15 Table 5 Means of coding (acoustic codes) .15 Table 6 Means of coding (t
19、actile codes).16 Table A.1 Graphical symbols related to the operation of actuators .17 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications 22 Annex ZZ (informative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of EC Directives 23 Annex ZZA (in
20、formative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of Directive 98/37/EC 23 Annex ZZA (informative) Coverage of Essential Requirements of Directive 2006/42/EC 23 3 EN 61310-1:2008INTRODUCTION This standard should be used by suppliers of machines for which no product family or dedicated product standard e
21、xists. The requirements of this standard should also be used, for example, as a reference standard by ISO and IEC technical committees which prepare product family or dedicated product standards for machines. Where a product family or dedicated product standard exists, its requirements take preceden
22、ce. At human-machine interfaces, warning and danger signals need to convey safety-related meanings for the safe use and monitoring of machinery for exposed persons and operators. It is via the human-machine interface that the operator interacts with the machinery or process in an open-loop system (s
23、ee Figure 1). This interface consists of actuators, by means of which the operator initiates actions, and indicating devices, through which the operator receives information. In many applications, the information is represented by a signal which is encoded by a distinct set of rules and the operator
24、 has then to interpret the signal according to these rules. Different types of coding such as colour, shape or time are used as appropriate to the demands of the task of the operator. The reasons for using codes are: to permit the spatial separation of the machinery from centralized control stations
25、; to increase the perceptible amount of information given by an indicating device, for example, per display area unit, per unit of time; to decrease the mental work-load of an operator and/or exposed persons. Figure 1 Open-loop control, action and information systems Human-machine interface 4 EN 613
26、10-1:2008SAFETY OF MACHINERY INDICATION, MARKING AND ACTUATION Part 1: Requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile signals 1 Scope This part of IEC 61310 specifies requirements for visual, acoustic and tactile methods of indicating safety-related information, at the human-machine interface and to
27、exposed persons. It specifies a system of colours, safety signs, markings and other warnings, intended for use in the indication of hazardous situations and health hazards and for meeting certain emergencies. It also specifies ways of coding visual, acoustic and tactile signals for indicators and ac
28、tuators to facilitate the safe use and monitoring of the machinery. This standard is based on IEC 60073 with regard to coding by colour and alternative means, but is not limited to electrotechnical aspects. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the applicati
29、on of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 60073:2002, Basic and safety principles for man-machine interface, marking and identification Coding principles for
30、 indicators and actuators IEC 60204-1:2005, Safety of machinery Electrical equipment of machines Part 1: General requirements IEC 60417, Graphical symbols for use on equipment ISO 3864-1:2002, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Part 1: Design principles for safety signs in workplaces
31、and public areas ISO 7000:2004, Graphical symbols for use on equipment Index and synopsis ISO 7010:2003, Graphical symbols Safety colours and safety signs Safety signs used in workplaces and public areas ISO 7731:2003, Ergonomics Danger signals for public and work areas Auditory danger signals ISO 1
32、3850, Safety of machinery Emergency stop Principles for design 5 EN 61310-1:20083 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. NOTE The terms are sorted in alphabetical order. 3.1 actuator part of the actuating system which receives a human actu
33、ating action IEV 441-15-22, modified NOTE The actuator may take the form of a handle, knob, pedal, push-button, roller, plunger, mouse, light pen, keyboard, touch sensitive screen, etc. 3.2 brightness attribute of a visual sensation according to which an area appears to emit more or less light IEV 8
34、45-02-28 3.3 coding systematic representation of specific signals or values by another set of signals, which has to conform to a definite set of rules 3.4 contrast a) in the perceptual sense: difference in appearance of two or more parts of a field seen simultaneously or successively NOTE Examples o
35、f types of contrast are brightness contrast, colour contrast, simultaneous contrast, successive contrast, etc. b) in the physical sense: quantity intended to correlate with the perceived brightness contrast, usually defined by one of a number of formulae which involve the luminances of the stimuli c
36、onsidered NOTE For example: contrast is given by L/L near the luminance threshold, or by L1/L2for much higher luminances. IEV 845-02-47, modified 3.5 exposed person any person wholly or partially in a danger zone 3.6 graphical symbol visually perceptible figure with a particular meaning used to tran
37、smit information independently of language ISO 17724,31 3.7 hazard potential source of harm NOTE 1 The term “hazard“ can be qualified in order to define its origin (e.g. mechanical hazard, electrical hazard) or the nature of the potential harm (e.g. electric shock hazard, cutting hazard, toxic hazar
38、d, fire hazard). 6 EN 61310-1:2008NOTE 2 The hazard envisaged in this definition: either is permanently present during the intended use of the machine (e.g. motion of hazardous moving elements, electric arc during a welding phase, unhealthy posture, noise emission, high temperature); or may appear u
39、nexpectedly (e.g. explosion, crushing hazard as a consequence of an unintended/unexpected start-up, ejection as a consequence of a breakage, fall as a consequence of acceleration/deceleration). ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.6 3.8 hazardous situation circumstance in which a person is exposed to at least one ha
40、zard. The exposure can immediately or over a period of time result in harm ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.9 3.9 illuminated actuator actuator with an integrated light source giving visual indication by illumination. The operation of the light source may be related to or independent of the actuator action IEC 6
41、0073:2002, 3.8 3.10 machinery machine assembly of linked parts or components, at least one of which moves, with the appropriate machine actuators, control and power circuits, joined together for a specific application, in particular for the processing, treatment, moving or packaging of a material. T
42、he terms “machinery” and “machine” also covers an assembly of machines which, in order to achieve the same end, are arranged and controlled so that they function as an integral whole ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.1 3.11 message (in telegraphy and data communication) group of characters and function control se
43、quences which is transferred as an entity from a transmitter to a receiver, where the arrangement of the characters is determined at the transmitter IEV 721-09-01 3.12 operator person or persons given the task of installing, operating, adjusting, maintaining, cleaning, repairing or transporting mach
44、inery 3.13 risk combination of the probability of occurrence of harm and the severity of that harm ISO 12100-1:2003, 3.11 7 EN 61310-1:20083.14 safety sign sign which gives a general safety message, obtained by a combination of a colour and geometric shape and which, by the addition of a graphical s
45、ymbol, gives a particular safety message ISO 3864-1:2002, 3.14 3.15 saturation chromaticness, colourfulness, of an area judged in proportion to its brightness NOTE For given viewing conditions and at luminance levels within the range of photopic vision, a colour stimulus of a given chromaticity exhi
46、bits approximately constant saturation for all luminance levels, except when the brightness is very high. IEV 845-02-41 3.16 signals 3.16.1 acoustic signal message conveyed by means of tone, frequency and intermittency, emanating from a sound source IEC 60073:2002, 3.2.1 3.16.2 active signal informa
47、tion provided by a device whose status can readily change which is given to indicate a change in machinery status or to alert to a change in risk 3.16.3 passive signal information provided by a device which gives permanent information about the machinery or its environment 3.16.4 tactile signal mess
48、age conveyed by means of vibration, force, surface roughness, contour or position IEC 60073:2002, 3.2.2 3.16.5 visual signal message conveyed by means of brightness, contrast, colour, shape, size or position IEC 60073:2002, 3.2.3 4 Presentation of safety-related information 4.1 General To reduce the
49、 risks to which persons may be exposed, machinery shall be fitted with means of giving signals which provide appropriate safety-related information; 8 EN 61310-1:2008 actuators shall be capable of being used safely, and shall be clearly identified with appropriate markings on or near the actuator; machine manufacturer shall provide means in order to check the operation of warning signals by the operator. Active signals shall be provided
