1、BSI Standards PublicationLive working Phase comparatorsPart 2: Resistive type to be used for voltages from 1 kV to 36 kV a.c.BS EN 61481-2:2014National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 61481-2:2014. It isidentical to IEC 61481-2:2014. Together with BS EN 61481-1:2014 it s
2、upersedes BS EN 61481:2001, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PEL/78, Tools for live working.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all
3、the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. T h e B r i t i s h S t a n d a r d s I n s t i t u t i o n 2 0 15P u b l i s h e d b y B S I S t a n d a r d s L i m i t e d 2 0 15.ISBN 978 0 580 79875 7ICS 13.260; 29.240.20; 29.260.99 Compliance with a Brit
4、ish Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2015. Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 61481-2:2014EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME
5、 EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN 61481-2 December 2014 ICS 13.260; 29.240.20; 29.260.99 Supersedes EN 61481:2001 (partially) English Version Live working - Phase comparators - Part 2: Resistive type to be used for voltages from 1 kV to 36 kV a.c. (IEC 61481-2:2014) Travaux sous tension - Comparateurs de
6、phase - Partie 2: Type rsistif pour usage sur des tensions alternatives de 1 kV 36 kV (CEI 61481-2:2014) Arbeiten unter Spannung - Phasenvergleicher - Teil 2: Resistive (ohmsche) Ausfhrung fr Wechselspannungen ber 1 kV bis 36 kV (IEC 61481-2:2014) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 20
7、14-11-28. CENELEC members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be
8、 obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notif
9、ied to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Gr
10、eece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia,Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Elect
11、rotechniqueEuropisches Komitee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 61481-2:2014 E EN 61481-2:2014 - 2 - Foreword The text
12、 of document 78/1052/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 61481-2, prepared by IEC/TC 78 “Live working“ was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 61481-2:2014. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which the document has to be implemented at national level by publ
13、ication of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2015-08-28 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with the document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2017-11-28 This document supersedes EN 61481:2001 (partially). Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elem
14、ents of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 61481-2:2014 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modificatio
15、n. In the official version, for Bibliography, the following notes have to be added for the standards indicated: IEC 60038 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60038. IEC 60071-1:2006 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60071-1:2006 (not modified). IEC 60743:2013 NOTE Harmonized as EN 60743:2013 (not modified). IEC 61235:1993 NO
16、TE Harmonized as EN 61235:1995 (modified). IEC 61936-1:2010 NOTE Harmonized as EN 61936-1:2010 (modified). ISO/IEC 17025 NOTE Harmonized as EN ISO/IEC 17025 (not modified). BS EN 61481-2:2014- 3 - EN 61481-2:2014 Annex ZA (normative) Normative references to international publications with their corr
17、esponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including
18、any amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu Publicati
19、on Year Title EN/HD Year CISPR 11 - Industrial, scientific and medical equipment - Radio-frequency disturbance characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement EN 55011 - IEC 60060-1 2010 High-voltage test techniques - Part 1: General definitions and test requirements EN 60060-1 2010 IEC 60068-1
20、- Environmental testing - Part 1: General and guidance EN 60068-1 - IEC 60068-2-6 - Environmental testing - Part 2-6: Tests - Test Fc: Vibration (sinusoidal) EN 60068-2-6 - IEC 60068-2-14 - Environmental testing - Part 2-14: Tests - Test N: Change of temperature EN 60068-2-14 - IEC 60068-2-31 - Envi
21、ronmental testing - Part 2-31: Tests - Test Ec: Rough handling shocks, primarily for equipment-type specimens EN 60068-2-31 - IEC 60068-2-75 - Environmental testing - Part 2-75: Tests - Test Eh: Hammer tests EN 60068-2-75 - IEC 60417-DB - Graphical symbols for use on equipment - - IEC 60942 - Electr
22、oacoustics - Sound calibrators EN 60942 - IEC 61000-4-2 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-2: Testing and measurement techniques - Electrostatic discharge immunity test EN 61000-4-2 - IEC 61000-4-3 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-3: Testing and measurement techniques - Rad
23、iated, radio-frequency, electromagnetic field immunity test EN 61000-4-3 - BS EN 61481-2:2014EN 61481-2:2014 - 4 - Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 61000-4-8 - Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) - Part 4-8: Testing and measurement techniques - Power frequency magnetic field immunity test EN 61
24、000-4-8 - IEC 61260 - Electroacoustics - Octave-band and fractional-octave-band filters EN 61260 - IEC 61318 - Live working - Conformity assessment applicable to tools, devices and equipment EN 61318 - IEC 61326-1 - Electrical equipment for measurement, control and laboratory use - EMC requirements
25、- Part 1: General requirements EN 61326-1 - IEC 61477 - Live working - Minimum requirements for the utilization of tools, devices and equipment EN 61477 - IEC 61672-1 - Electroacoustics - Sound level meters - Part 1: Specifications EN 61672-1 - ISO 3744 2010 Acoustics - Determination of sound power
26、levels and sound energy levels of noise sources using sound pressure - Engineering methods for an essentially free field over a reflecting plane EN ISO 3744 2010 CIE 15 - Colorimetry - - BS EN 61481-2:2014 2 IEC 61481-2:2014 IEC 2014 CONTENTS INTRODUCTION . 8 1 Scope 9 2 Normative references 9 3 Ter
27、ms and definitions 10 4 Requirements 14 4.1 Indication 14 4.2 Functional requirements 14 4.2.1 Clear indication . 14 4.2.2 Clear perceptibility . 16 4.2.3 Temperature and humidity dependence of the indication 16 4.2.4 Frequency dependence . 16 4.2.5 Response time . 17 4.2.6 Power source dependabilit
28、y . 17 4.2.7 Testing element . 17 4.2.8 Time rating 17 4.3 Electrical requirements . 17 4.3.1 Insulating material . 17 4.3.2 Protection against bridging 17 4.3.3 Resistance against sparking 17 4.3.4 Resistive element 18 4.3.5 Insulating element of phase comparator as a complete device . 18 4.3.6 Cir
29、cuit current 18 4.3.7 Indicator casing . 18 4.3.8 Insulation of the connecting lead . 18 4.4 Mechanical requirements 18 4.4.1 General . 18 4.4.2 Design . 18 4.4.3 Dimensions, construction . 20 4.4.4 Grip force and deflection . 21 4.4.5 Vibration resistance . 22 4.4.6 Drop resistance . 22 4.4.7 Shock
30、 resistance . 22 4.5 Marking . 22 4.6 Instructions for use . 22 4.7 Requirements in the case of reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working . 23 4.7.1 Voltage selection . 23 4.7.2 Frequency selection 23 5 Tests . 23 5.1 General . 23 5.1.1 Testing provisions . 23 5.1.2 Atmospheric conditions 23
31、 5.1.3 Tests under wet conditions 23 5.1.4 Type test . 24 5.1.5 Test methods . 25 BS EN 61481-2:2014IEC 61481-2:2014 IEC 2014 3 5.2 Function tests . 25 5.2.1 Description of the test set-up and general pass criteria 25 5.2.2 Clear indication . 31 5.2.3 Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) . 33 5.2.4 I
32、nfluence of electric interference fields. 33 5.2.5 Clear perceptibility . 36 5.2.6 Frequency dependence . 40 5.2.7 Response time . 40 5.2.8 Power source dependability . 40 5.2.9 Check of testing element . 41 5.2.10 Time rating 41 5.3 Dielectric tests 42 5.3.1 Insulating material for tubes and rods 4
33、2 5.3.2 Protection against bridging for indoor/outdoor type phase comparator . 42 5.3.3 Protection against bridging for outdoor type phase comparator 47 5.3.4 Spark resistance 48 5.3.5 Leakage current for phase comparator as a complete device . 49 5.3.6 Dielectric strength of connecting lead 52 5.3.
34、7 Maximum current in case of misuse . 53 5.4 Mechanical tests . 53 5.4.1 Visual and dimensional inspection . 53 5.4.2 Grip force and deflection for phase comparator as a complete device 54 5.4.3 Robustness of connecting lead and connections 54 5.4.4 Vibration resistance . 56 5.4.5 Drop resistance .
35、56 5.4.6 Shock resistance . 57 5.4.7 Climatic resistance 58 5.4.8 Durability of markings 59 5.5 Test for reasonably foreseeable misuse during live working 59 5.5.1 Voltage selection (where relevant) . 59 5.5.2 Frequency selection (where relevant) 59 6 Conformity assessment of phase comparators havin
36、g completed the production phase 60 7 Modifications . 60 Annex A (normative) Instructions for use . 61 Annex B (normative) Suitable for live working; double triangle (IEC 60417 5216 (2002-10) . 63 Annex C (normative) Chronology of type tests . 64 Annex D (normative) Classification of defects and tes
37、ts to be allocated . 66 Annex E (informative) Information and guidelines on the use of the limit mark and of a contact electrode extension 68 E.1 General . 68 E.2 Situation when using a phase comparator as a complete device . 68 E.3 Situation when using a phase comparator as a separate device 71 Ann
38、ex F (informative) Rationale for the classification of defects. 74 Annex G (informative) In-service care 76 Bibliography 77 BS EN 61481-2:2014 4 IEC 61481-2:2014 IEC 2014 Figure 1 Illustration of different elements of a phase comparator . 20 Figure 2 Location of allowed conductive parts within the m
39、inimum length of the insulating element of a pole of a phase comparator as a complete device . 21 Figure 3 Test set-up for clear indication with the ball electrode in front of its ring electrode 27 Figure 4 Test set-up for clear indication with the ball electrode behind its ring electrode 28 Figure
40、5 Example of positioning of a pole of the phase comparator in relation to a ball and ring test arrangement 30 Figure 6 Examples of suitable means for ensuring appropriate contact between a contact electrode and the ball electrode 30 Figure 7 Test set-up for clear perceptibility of visual indication
41、37 Figure 8 Test set-up for clear perceptibility of audible indication 39 Figure 9 Test arrangements and dimensions of the bars for protection against bridging 43 Figure 10 Electrical connection of the bars 44 Figure 11 Surface stress test . 44 Figure 12 Radial and surface stress test 45 Figure 13 B
42、ridging test on the connecting lead . 46 Figure 14 Test arrangement for testing bridging protection of outdoor type phase comparator . 48 Figure 15 Arrangement for leakage current test under dry conditions for phase comparator as a complete device 50 Figure 16 Arrangement for leakage current tests u
43、nder wet conditions for phase comparator as a complete device 51 Figure 17 Test set up for pressure load application 52 Figure 18 Test for grip force . 54 Figure 19 Test set-up for the robustness of connecting lead and connections 55 Figure 20 Drop resistance test Diagonal position 57 Figure 21 Curv
44、e of test cycle for climatic resistance . 58 Figure E.1 Insulation element of a pole of a phase comparator as a complete device . 68 Figure E.2 Example of positioning of a pole of a phase comparator in contact with a live part without obstacles from other live parts . 69 Figure E.3 Example of incorr
45、ect positioning of a pole of a phase comparator with the limit mark between two live parts 70 Figure E.4 Usual ways of managing the selection or the use of the phase comparator for maintaining the insulation distance between the limit mark and the hand guard . 71 Figure E.5 Usual ways of managing th
46、e use of the phase comparator as a separate device for assuring the appropriate insulation for the worker . 73 Table 1 Climatic condition ranges 16 Table 2 Minimum length of the insulating element (Li) of a phase comparator as a complete device 20 Table 3 Dimensioning of the ball and ring test set-u
47、p . 29 Table 4 Test series and conditions for clear indication . 32 Table 5 Test series and conditions for influence of electric interference fields 35 Table 6 Distance d1for the bridging test set-up . 43 BS EN 61481-2:2014IEC 61481-2:2014 IEC 2014 5 Table 7 Dimensions for the concentric rings and b
48、and electrodes 47 Table C.1 Sequential order for performing type testsa64 Table C.2 Type tests out of sequence 65 Table D.1 Classification of defects and associated requirements and tests 66 Table E.1 Recommended minimum lengths from the limit mark to the contact electrode (Ai) 71 Table F.1 Rational
49、e for the classification of defects . 74 Table G.1 In-service testing . 76 BS EN 61481-2:2014 8 IEC 61481-2:2014 IEC 2014 INTRODUCTION This International Standard has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of IEC 61477. Taking into consideration the functioning principle of portable phase comparators of resistive type available on the market, the associated maximum a.c. nominal voltage is 36 kV. The rationale for t
