1、BSI Standards PublicationLightning density based on lightning location systems (LLS) General principlesBS EN 62858:2015National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN 62858:2015. It is identical to IEC 62858:2015.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technica
2、lCommittee GEL/81, Protection against lightning.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions ofa contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Stan
3、dards Institution 2015.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 85181 0ICS 29.020; 91.120.40Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 Decembe
4、r 2015.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN 62858:2015EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN 62858 November 2015 ICS 91.120.40; 29.020 English Version Lightning density based on lightning location systems (LLS) - General principles (IEC
5、62858:2015) Densit de foudroiement base sur des systmes de localisation de la foudre (LLS) - Principes gnraux (IEC 62858:2015) Blitzhufigkeit basierend auf Blitzortungssystemen - Allgemeine Grundstze (IEC 62858:2015) This European Standard was approved by CENELEC on 2015-09-09. CENELEC members are b
6、ound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the
7、 CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CENELEC member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CENELEC member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Manageme
8、nt Centre has the same status as the official versions. CENELEC members are the national electrotechnical committees of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, the Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Irelan
9、d, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization Comit Europen de Normalisation Electrotechnique Europisches Komit
10、ee fr Elektrotechnische Normung CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2015 CENELEC All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CENELEC Members. Ref. No. EN 62858:2015 E BS EN 62858:2015EN 62858:2015 2 European foreword The text of documen
11、t 81/470/FDIS, future edition 1 of IEC 62858, prepared by IEC/TC 81, “Lightning protection“, was submitted to the IEC-CENELEC parallel vote and approved by CENELEC as EN 62858:2015. The following dates are fixed: latest date by which this document has to be implemented at national level by publicati
12、on of an identical national standard or by endorsement (dop) 2016-06-09 latest date by which the national standards conflicting with this document have to be withdrawn (dow) 2018-09-09 Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent right
13、s. CENELEC and/or CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Endorsement notice The text of the International Standard IEC 62858:2015 was approved by CENELEC as a European Standard without any modification. BS EN 62858:2015EN 62858:2015 3 Annex ZA (normative) No
14、rmative references to international publications with their corresponding European publications The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refer
15、ences, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE 1 When an International Publication has been modified by common modifications, indicated by (mod), the relevant EN/HD applies. NOTE 2 Up-to-date information on the latest versions of the European Standards
16、listed in this annex is available here: www.cenelec.eu. Publication Year Title EN/HD Year IEC 62305-1 - Protection against lightning - Part 1: General principles EN 62305-1 - IEC 62305-2 - Protection against lightning - Part 2: Risk management EN 62305-2 - BS EN 62858:2015 2 IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015
17、CONTENTS FOREWORD . 3 INTRODUCTION . 5 1 Scope 6 2 Normative references 6 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations . 6 3.1 Terms and definitions 6 3.2 Abbreviations 7 4 General requirements 8 4.1 General . 8 4.2 Stroke-to-flash grouping 9 4.3 Minimum observation periods 9 4.4 Observation area 9 4.5 Gr
18、id cell size . 9 4.6 Edge effect correction . 10 5 Validation of lightning location system performance characteristics . 10 Bibliography 12 BS EN 62858:2015IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015 3 INTERNATIONAL ELECTROTECHNICAL COMMISSION _ LIGHTNING DENSITY BASED ON LIGHTNING LOCATION SYSTEMS (LLS) GENERAL PRINCI
19、PLES FOREWORD 1) The International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) is a worldwide organization for standardization comprising all national electrotechnical committees (IEC National Committees). The object of IEC is to promote international co-operation on all questions concerning standardization i
20、n the electrical and electronic fields. To this end and in addition to other activities, IEC publishes International Standards, Technical Specifications, Technical Reports, Publicly Available Specifications (PAS) and Guides (hereafter referred to as “IEC Publication(s)”). Their preparation is entrus
21、ted to technical committees; any IEC National Committee interested in the subject dealt with may participate in this preparatory work. International, governmental and non-governmental organizations liaising with the IEC also participate in this preparation. IEC collaborates closely with the Internat
22、ional Organization for Standardization (ISO) in accordance with conditions determined by agreement between the two organizations. 2) The formal decisions or agreements of IEC on technical matters express, as nearly as possible, an international consensus of opinion on the relevant subjects since eac
23、h technical committee has representation from all interested IEC National Committees. 3) IEC Publications have the form of recommendations for international use and are accepted by IEC National Committees in that sense. While all reasonable efforts are made to ensure that the technical content of IE
24、C Publications is accurate, IEC cannot be held responsible for the way in which they are used or for any misinterpretation by any end user. 4) In order to promote international uniformity, IEC National Committees undertake to apply IEC Publications transparently to the maximum extent possible in the
25、ir national and regional publications. Any divergence between any IEC Publication and the corresponding national or regional publication shall be clearly indicated in the latter. 5) IEC itself does not provide any attestation of conformity. Independent certification bodies provide conformity assessm
26、ent services and, in some areas, access to IEC marks of conformity. IEC is not responsible for any services carried out by independent certification bodies. 6) All users should ensure that they have the latest edition of this publication. 7) No liability shall attach to IEC or its directors, employe
27、es, servants or agents including individual experts and members of its technical committees and IEC National Committees for any personal injury, property damage or other damage of any nature whatsoever, whether direct or indirect, or for costs (including legal fees) and expenses arising out of the p
28、ublication, use of, or reliance upon, this IEC Publication or any other IEC Publications. 8) Attention is drawn to the Normative references cited in this publication. Use of the referenced publications is indispensable for the correct application of this publication. 9) Attention is drawn to the pos
29、sibility that some of the elements of this IEC Publication may be the subject of patent rights. IEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. International Standard IEC 62858 has been prepared by IEC technical committee 81: Lightning protection. The text of this st
30、andard is based on the following documents: FDIS Report on voting 81/470/FDIS 81/494/RVD Full information on the voting for the approval of this standard can be found in the report on voting indicated in the above table. This publication has been drafted in accordance with the ISO/IEC Directives, Pa
31、rt 2. BS EN 62858:2015 4 IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015 The committee has decided that the contents of this publication will remain unchanged until the stability date indicated on the IEC website under “http:/webstore.iec.ch“ in the data related to the specific publication. At this date, the publication wi
32、ll be reconfirmed, withdrawn, replaced by a revised edition, or amended. BS EN 62858:2015IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015 5 INTRODUCTION International standards for lightning protection (e.g. IEC 62305-2) provide methods for the evaluation of the lightning risk on buildings and structures. The lightning grou
33、nd flash density NG, defined as the mean number of lightning flashes to ground per square kilometer per year is the primary input parameter to perform such an evaluation. In many areas of the world NGis derived from data provided by lightning location systems (LLS), but no common rule exists definin
34、g requirements either for their performance or for the elaboration of the measured data. BS EN 62858:2015 6 IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015 LIGHTNING DENSITY BASED ON LIGHTNING LOCATION SYSTEMS (LLS) GENERAL PRINCIPLES 1 Scope This International Standard introduces and discusses all necessary measures to ma
35、ke reliable and homogeneous the values of NGobtained from LLS in various countries. Only parameters that are relevant to risk assessment are considered. 2 Normative references The following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its appl
36、ication. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. IEC 62305-1, Protection against lightning Part 1: General principles IEC 62305-2, Protection against lightning Part 2: Risk managem
37、ent 3 Terms, definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in IEC 62305-1 and IEC 62305-2, as well as the following, apply. 3.1.1 cloud-to-ground lightning CG discharge that is comprised of one or more cloud-to-ground light
38、ning strokes that propagate from cloud to ground or vice versa and lead to a net transfer of charge between cloud and ground Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only. 3.1.2 cloud lightning IC discharge occurring within or among thunderclouds (intracloud), or between thunderclou
39、ds (intercloud), or between cloud and air, without a ground termination Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only. 3.1.3 first return stroke first stroke to ground of a cloud-to-ground lightning discharge Note 1 to entry: The stepped leader and attachment process precede the fir
40、st return stroke. 3.1.4 subsequent stroke subsequent stroke to ground that follows a previous (return) stroke in the same flash BS EN 62858:2015IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015 7 Note 1 to entry: A subsequent stroke is preceded by a dart leader and may or may not have the same ground strike-point as any prev
41、ious (return) stroke in the same flash. 3.1.5 multiplicity number of first and subsequent strokes in a cloud-to-ground lightning flash 3.1.6 ground flash density NGmean number of cloud-to-ground flashes per unit area per unit time (flashes km2 year1) 3.1.7 ground strike-point density NSGmean number
42、of strike-points to ground or to ground based objects per unit area per unit time (strike-points km2 year1) 3.1.8 lightning sensor device that measures electromagnetic signals produced by lightning discharges 3.1.9 lightning location system LLS network of lightning sensors that work together to dete
43、ct and geolocate lightning events within the area of the systems coverage Note 1 to entry: This note applies to the French language only. 3.1.10 confidence ellipse ellipse centred on the estimated ground strike-point, describing the degree of confidence of the location estimation (e.g. 50 %, 90 %, 9
44、9 %) based on sensor measurement errors Note 1 to entry: The confidence ellipse is described in terms of the lengths of the semi-major and semi-minor axes as well as the bearing of the semi-major axis. 3.1.11 uptime duration of fully functional operation of a lightning location system sensor, expres
45、sed as a percentage of the total observation time 3.1.12 stroke detection efficiency flash detection efficiency percentage of strokes or flashes detected as a percentage of the total number of strokes or flashes occurring in reality 3.1.13 median location accuracy median value of the distances betwe
46、en real stroke locations and the stroke locations given by the lightning location system 3.2 Abbreviations CG cloud-to-ground lightning DE flash detection efficiency BS EN 62858:2015 8 IEC 62858:2015 IEC 2015 IC cloud lightning LA location accuracy LLS lightning location system NGground flash densit
47、y NSGground strike-point density 4 General requirements 4.1 General The performance characteristics of a lightning location system (LLS) 3, 151determine the quality of the lightning data available for calculating NG. A value of NGwith an error of 20 % or less is deemed to be acceptable for lightning
48、 risk assessment. Data from any LLS that is able to detect CG lightning and accurately determine the point of strike of CG strokes can be used for the purpose of NGcomputation. The following LLS performance characteristics are required for computation of NGwith adequate accuracy. Flash detection eff
49、iciency (DE): the value of the annual average flash detection efficiency of an LLS for CG lightning shall be at least 80 % in the region over which NGhas to be computed. This DE is usually obtained within the interior of the network. The interior of the network is defined as the region within the boundary defined by the outermost adjacent sensors of the network. Location accuracy (LA): the value of the median location accuracy of an LLS for CG strokes shall be better t
