1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 5403-1:2011Leather Determination ofwater resistance of flexibleleatherPart 1: Repeated linear compression(penetrometer) (ISO 5403-1:2011)BS EN ISO 5403-1:2011 BRITISH S
2、TANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO5403-1:2011. It supersedes BS EN ISO 5403:2002 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee TCI/69, Footwear, leather and coated fabrics.A list of organizations represent
3、ed on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012ISBN 978 0 580 67824 0ICS 59.140.30; 61.060Compliance with a
4、 British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 5403-1
5、 December 2011 ICS 61.060; 59.140.30 Supersedes EN ISO 5403:2002English Version Leather - Determination of water resistance of flexible leather - Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer) (ISO 5403-1:2011) Cuir - Dtermination de limpermabilit leau des cuirs souples - Partie 1: Compression l
6、inaire rpte (pntromtre) (ISO 5403-1:2011) Leder - Bestimmung der Wasserbestndigkeit von flexiblem Leder - Teil 1: Penetrometerverfahren (ISO 5403-1:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 December 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which st
7、ipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This Europea
8、n Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are t
9、he national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden,
10、Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref.
11、 No. EN ISO 5403-1:2011: EBS EN ISO 5403-1:2011EN ISO 5403-1:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 5403-1:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 289 “Leather”, the secretariat of which is held by UNI, in collaboration with the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemi
12、sts Societies. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2012. Attention is drawn to the possibility th
13、at some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 5403:2002. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizat
14、ions of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portuga
15、l, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. BS EN ISO 5403-1:2011ISO 5403-1:2011(E) IULTCS/IUP 10-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies
16、(ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, g
17、overnmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/I
18、EC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the mem
19、ber bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 5403-1 was prepared by the European Committee for Standardization (CEN
20、) Technical Committee CEN/TC 289, Leather, in collaboration with the Physical Test Commission of the International Union of Leather Technologists and Chemists Societies (IUP Commission, IULTCS), in accordance with the Agreement on technical cooperation between ISO and CEN (Vienna Agreement). IULTCS,
21、 originally formed in 1897, is a world-wide organization of professional leather societies to further the advancement of leather science and technology. IULTCS has three Commissions, which are responsible for establishing international methods for the sampling and testing of leather. ISO recognizes
22、IULTCS as an international standardizing body for the preparation of test methods for leather. This first edition of ISO 5403-1 cancels and replaces ISO 5403:2002, which has been technically revised. Subclause 5.3 has been revised and the formula in 7.2 has been corrected. The main reason for revisi
23、on was to align part 1 with part 2 and editorial changes have therefore also been made. ISO 5403 consists of the following parts, under the general title Leather Determination of water resistance of flexible leather: Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer) Part 2: Repeated angular compres
24、sion (Maeser) BS EN ISO 5403-1:2011BS EN ISO 5403-1:2011INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 5403-1:2011(E)IULTCS/IUP 10-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1Leather Determination of water resistance of flexible leather Part 1: Repeated linear compression (penetrometer) 1 Scope This part of ISO 5403 specif
25、ies a method for determining the dynamic water resistance of leather by means of repeated linear compression. It is applicable to all flexible leathers but is particularly suitable for leathers intended for footwear applications. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispen
26、sable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 2418, Leather Chemical, physical and mechanical and fastness tests Sampling location ISO 241
27、9, Leather Physical and mechanical tests Sample preparation and conditioning ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test methods 3 Principle A test piece is formed into the shape of a trough and flexed while partially immersed in water. The time taken for water to penet
28、rate through the test piece is measured. The method also allows for the percentage mass of the water absorbed and the mass of the water transmitted through the test piece to be determined. NOTE This test method uses compression-type flexing, whereas the test method of ISO 5403-2 for water resistance
29、 imparts folding-type flexing on the leather specimens. Given the two completely different flexing actions, it is not possible to compare the results obtained from the two test methods. 4 Apparatus, reagents and materials Usual laboratory apparatus is required and, in particular, the following. 4.1
30、Test machine, including the parts described in 4.1.1 to 4.1.3. (See also Annex A.) 4.1.1 One or more pairs of cylinders, 30,0 mm 0,5 mm in diameter, made of inert rigid material, mounted with their axes horizontal and co-axial. One cylinder shall be fixed and the other moveable along the direction o
31、f its axis such that the maximum separation of the cylinders is 40,0 mm 0,5 mm. BS EN ISO 5403-1:2011ISO 5403-1:2011(E) IULTCS/IUP 10-1:2011(E) 2 ISO 2011 All rights reserved4.1.2 Electric motor, which drives the moveable cylinder backwards and forwards along its axis with a crank motion of 50 cycle
32、s/min 5 cycles/min and an amplitude of 1,0 mm 0,1 mm, 1,50 mm 0,15 mm, 2,0 mm 0,2 mm or 3,0 mm 0,3 mm about its mean position. NOTE The four amplitudes of the crank motion are such that the test piece is compressed by 5 %, 7,5 %, 10 % or 15 % respectively when the cylinders approach one another. 4.1
33、.3 Tank, made from non-corroding material, holding distilled or deionized water, in which the test piece can be partially immersed. The test machine may also include an electrical circuit that indicates when water has penetrated through the test piece. 4.2 Ring-shaped clamps, with internal diameter
34、adjustable between 30 mm and 40 mm. 4.3 Press knife, the inner wall of which is a rectangle of 60 mm 1 mm 75 mm 1 mm, conforming to the requirements of ISO 2419. 4.4 Distilled or deionized water, of grade 3 in accordance with ISO 3696:1987. 4.5 Balance, weighing to 0,001 g. 4.6 Clock, reading to 1 s
35、. 4.7 Abrasive paper, grade P180, as defined in the P-series grit-size standard published by the Federation of European Producers of Abrasive Products, cut into rectangles of 65 mm 5 mm 45 mm 5 mm, fixed to a flat, rigid base of the same size and weighted to give a total mass of 1,0 kg 0,1 kg. A fre
36、sh piece of abrasive paper shall be used for each test. 4.8 Absorbent cloth, cut into rectangles of 120 mm 5 mm 40 mm 5 mm, machine washed prior to first use following the cycle recommended by the cloth manufacturer. A suitable cloth is terry towelling (frott) in 100 % cotton and weighing about 300
37、g/m2. The absorbency of this material might not be optimal when new, and therefore the cloths shall be washed before the first use. 4.9 Auxiliary apparatus, to determine the stiffness of the test piece, consisting of one pair of cylinders of 30,0 mm 0,5 mm in diameter mounted with their axes horizon
38、tal and co-axial, a means of moving the cylinders together, a means of measuring the reduction in distance between the cylinders, to the nearest 0,1 mm, and a means of measuring the force exerted along the axes of the cylinder to the nearest 5 N. 5 Sampling and sample preparation 5.1 Sample in accor
39、dance with ISO 2418. Cut four test pieces by applying the press knife (4.3) to the grain (or to the outer surface when worn). Cut two test pieces with the longer side parallel to the backbone and two test pieces with the longer side perpendicular to the backbone. If there is a requirement for more t
40、han two hides or skins to be tested in one batch, then only one test piece in each direction need be taken from each hide or skin, provided that the overall total is not less than two test pieces in each direction. 5.2 Prepare the four test pieces using the following method. Lightly buff the grain (
41、or the outer surface when worn) by placing the test-piece grain (or the outer surface when worn) upwards on a flat surface. Place the weighted abrasive paper (4.7) on the test piece and move the abrasive paper ten times backwards and forwards along the full length of the test piece without applying
42、any more downward force than is applied by the weighted abrasive. NOTE In some situations, it might be more appropriate to flex a sample for 20 000 cycles using the method and apparatus specified in ISO 5402-1. BS EN ISO 5403-1:2011ISO 5403-1:2011(E) IULTCS/IUP 10-1:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reser
43、ved 3Many leathers have a surface coat on the grain or on the outer surface when worn. This surface coat greatly increases the water resistance of the leather. If microcracks develop rapidly in this coat as a result of flexing during wear or the coat is damaged by abrasion, then measurements made on
44、 the leather as received can be misleading. The abrasion and flexing treatments described above are intended to simulate the abrasion which the leather would receive while being worn and the test piece should therefore be abraded or flexed before the test. The purpose of this abrasion is not to remo
45、ve the surface coat but merely to scratch it lightly. 5.3 Store the test specimens in a standard controlled environment in accordance with to ISO 2419 for at least 48 h. It is not necessary to carry out the test in this atmosphere. 5.4 If the water transmitted through the test piece is to be measure
46、d, condition a rectangle of absorbent cloth (4.8) in accordance with 5.3, weigh it to the nearest 0,001 g and record the mass. 5.5 If the water absorption of the test piece is to be measured, weigh the test piece to the nearest 0,001 g and record the mass. 6 Procedure 6.1 Determination of stiffness
47、and test amplitude NOTE The stiffness and test amplitude are not determined if the test amplitude is otherwise specified. 6.1.1 Adjust the auxiliary apparatus (4.9) so that the cylinders are at the maximum separation. 6.1.2 Bend the test piece along the longer edges, with the grain, or outer surface
48、 when worn, facing outwards to form a trough and with the shorter edges parallel and at the same level. Attach the longer edges to the cylinders by means of the ring clamps (4.2) with the same length of test piece (about 10 mm) overlapping each cylinder and with the test piece under sufficient tensi
49、on to remove folds. The inner edges of the two ring clamps should lie as nearly as possible in the planes of the adjacent ends of the cylinders so that the length of the trough is the same as the distance between the cylinders. If the test piece and cylinders are to be transferred to the main test machine (4.1), ensure that the test piece forms a seal against the cylinder. 6.1.3 Move the cylinders 2,0 mm 0,1 mm closer to each other evenly over a period of 5 s 2 s and immediately return the
