1、BS EN ISO 9863-1:2016Geosynthetics Determination of thickness atspecified pressuresPart 1: Single layers (ISO 9863-1:2016)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 9863-1:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementa
2、tion of EN ISO9863-1:2016. It supersedes BS EN ISO 9863-1:2005 which iswithdrawn.BSI, as a member of CEN, is obliged to publish EN 9863-1:2016 as aBritish Standard. However, attention is drawn to the fact that duringthe development of this European Standard, the UK committeevoted against its approva
3、l as a European Standard.In the opinion of the UK Committee, EN 9863-1:2016 requires the use of large loads and load plates which will raise safety issues in most laboratories. A Health and Safety risk assessment should be made by the laboratory before starting tests requiring the highest applied lo
4、ads and the largest plates.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee B/553, Geosynthetics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a c
5、ontract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 76185 0ICS 59.080.70Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the au
6、thority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2016.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 9863-1 August 2016 ICS 59.080.70 Supersedes EN ISO 9863-1:2005English Version Geosynthetics - Determination
7、of thickness at specified pressures - Part 1: Single layers (ISO 9863-1:2016) Gosynthtiques - Dtermination de lpaisseur des pressions spcifies - Partie 1: Couches individuelles (ISO 9863-1:2016) Geokunststoffe - Bestimmung der Dicke unter festgelegten Drcken - Teil 1: Einzellagen (ISO 9863-1:2016) T
8、his European Standard was approved by CEN on 8 July 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referenc
9、es concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN me
10、mber into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, F
11、rance, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES
12、 KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 9863-1:2016 EBS EN ISO 9863-1:2016EN ISO 9863-1:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This documen
13、t (EN ISO 9863-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 221 “Geosynthetics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 189 “Geosynthetics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of a
14、n identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by February 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by February 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not
15、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 9863-1:2005. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgari
16、a, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turke
17、y and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 9863-1:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 9863-1:2016 without any modification. BS EN ISO 9863-1:2016ISO 9863-1:2016(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Apparatus . 26 Specimens 27
18、 Procedure. 37.1 General . 37.2 Procedure A (New specimens for each pressure) 37.3 Procedure B (Incremental loading of individual specimens) . 37.4 Procedure C (Polymeric and bituminous geosynthetic barriers of uniform thickness) 47.5 Procedure D (Polymeric and bituminous geosynthetic barriers of no
19、n-uniform thickness) 48 Expression of results 49 Test report . 4Annex A (normative) Details of presser points used for geosynthetics of non-uniform thickness 5 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 9863-1:2016ISO 9863-1:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standard
20、ization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
21、be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used
22、to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
23、the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified d
24、uring the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the m
25、eaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this
26、 document is ISO/TC 221, Geosynthetics.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 9863-1:2005), which has been technically revised.ISO 9863-1 consists of the following parts, under the general title Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures: Part 1: Single
27、layers Part 2: Procedure for determination of thickness of single layers of multilayer productsiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 9863-1:2016INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 9863-1:2016(E)Geosynthetics Determination of thickness at specified pressures Part 1: Single layers1 ScopeThis part of ISO 986
28、3 specifies a method for the determination of the thickness of geosynthetics at specified pressures and specified load plate areas or under specified point loads. It defines the pressures or the load at which the thickness is determined.The test results are intended for identification purposes and f
29、or use in technical data sheets and/or as part of other test methods, e.g. tests of hydraulic properties.The method is applicable to all geosynthetics.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of
30、 this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 9862, Geosynthetics Sampling and preparation of test specimensISO 25619-1, Geosynthetics Determination of compressive beh
31、aviour Part 1: Compressive creep properties3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.or
32、g/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at http:/www.iso.org/obp3.1thicknessdistance between a reference plate on which the specimen rests and the contacting face of a parallel pressure-foot applying a given pressure to the specimen or distance between two reference points applying a given load t
33、o the specimen4 Principle4.1 The thickness of a number of individual specimens of a geosynthetic is measured as the distance between the reference plate on which the specimen rests and the contacting face of a parallel, circular presser-foot exerting a specified pressure on an area of defined size w
34、ithin a larger area of the specimen or the thickness of a number of individual specimens of a GBR-P or a GBR-B is measured as the distance between two pressure points. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 9863-1:2016ISO 9863-1:2016(E)4.2 At each specified pressure, the result of the test is given
35、 as the mean of the values obtained.5 Apparatus5.1 Thickness tester, incorporating the following elements:5.1.1 Removable presser-foot, having a plane and smooth surface with an area as defined in Table 1 for testing materials of uniform thickness. For the determination of the overall thickness of m
36、aterials of polymeric and bituminous geosynthetic barriers of non-uniform thickness, or the thickness of other parts of such materials, refer to Annex A.Table 1 Pressure-foot sizesType of geosynthetic under test Presser-foot sizePolymeric and bituminous geosynthetic barrierCircular, (10 0,5) mm diam
37、eterGeospacer and drainage geocompositessquare, minimum size of 100 mm 100 mm size of the load plate and size of the specimen shall satis-fy the criteria in ISO 25619-1Other geosynthetic products Circular, (25 0,2) cm areaThe presser-foot shall be capable of exerting pressures of 2 kPa, 20 kPa and 2
38、00 kPa within a tolerance of 0,5 % normal to the plane of the specimen.To ensure that the presser-foot surface and the reference plate are parallel when determining the overall thickness of geosynthetics of non-uniform thickness, except for polymeric and bituminous geosynthetic barriers, the presser
39、-foot shall be supported at not less than three points evenly distributed over the presser-foot surface, which may require that a presser-foot with an area not less than 25 cm be used.5.1.2 Reference plate, with a plane surface of minimum dimensions greater than 1,75 times the diameter of the presse
40、r-foot surface for testing material of uniform thickness. When testing thinner areas in materials of non-uniform thickness, the reference plate can be as small as the area of the presser-foot, or an alternative supporting device of these dimensions can be used, to ensure full contact with the lower
41、surface of the specimen.5.1.3 Gauge, for indicating the distance between the reference plate and the presser-foot to an accuracy of 0,01 mm.5.2 Means of measuring time, with an accuracy of 1 s.6 Specimens6.1 Cut out no less than 10 specimens of minimum dimensions greater than 1,75 times the diameter
42、 of the presser-foot.If new specimens are used for testing at each pressure, then not less than 30 specimens will be required.6.2 Select and cut out the specimens in accordance with ISO 9862.6.3 Condition the specimens for a period of 24 h unless it can be shown that the results are not affected by
43、omitting this procedure.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 9863-1:2016ISO 9863-1:2016(E)7 Procedure7.1 GeneralWhen determining the thickness of a material of non-uniform thickness, e.g. a geogrid, the part of the material to be tested shall be agreed between the interested parties. The part tes
44、ted shall be identified in the test report.Normally, the thickness of geosynthetics is determined by measuring one layer of the product. When two or more layers are used on top of each other in a design, the test may be made in accordance with this part of ISO 9863 with the agreed number of layers i
45、nstead of one.When testing structured geosynthetics, care should be taken to ensure that the results are meaningful for the particular product.The thickness is determined by using the procedure A or C as specified in either 7.2 or 7.4, applying pressures of 2 kPa, 20 kPa and 200 kPa to an accuracy a
46、s stated in Clause 3.If agreed between the interested parties, procedure B, as specified in 7.3, may be used instead of procedure A in 7.2.Other values of pressure may be used if agreed between the interested parties. If a pressure of more than 200 kPa is applied, a new, conditioned specimen shall b
47、e used for each test.7.2 Procedure A (New specimens for each pressure)7.2.1 Place a specimen between the clean surfaces of the reference plate and the presser-foot specified in Clause 5. Gently lower the presser-foot applying a pressure of (2 0,01) kPa to the specimen, and note the gauge reading aft
48、er 30 s, unless a longer time is specified.Release the pressure and remove the specimen.7.2.2 Repeat the procedure in 7.2.1 until at least 10 specimens have been tested.7.2.3 Repeat the procedure in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 using a corresponding number of new specimens and applying a pressure of (20 0,1) kPa
49、.7.2.4 Repeat the procedure in 7.2.1 and 7.2.2 using a corresponding number of new specimens and applying a pressure of (200 1) kPa.7.3 Procedure B (Incremental loading of individual specimens)7.3.1 Carry out the procedure in 7.2.1 but without removing the specimen.7.3.2 Increase the pressure to (20 0,1) kPa on the same specimen and note the gauge reading after 30 s, unless a longer time is specified, without removing the specimen.7.3.3 Repeat the procedure in 7.3.2 applying a pressure of (200 1) kPa. Remove the spe
