1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPipes and fittings made ofcrosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel contentBS EN ISO 10147:2012National forewordThis Br
2、itish Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 10147:2012. It isidentical to ISO 10147:2011. It supersedes BS EN 579:1994 and BS ISO10147:2011, which are withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical CommitteePRI/88, Plastics piping systems, to Subcommittee PRI/88/4
3、, Test Methods -Plastic Piping.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acontract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution
4、 2013Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 77441 6ICS 23.040.20; 23.040.45Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the StandardsPolicy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2013.Amendment
5、s issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 10147:2012EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 10147 December 2012 ICS 23.040.20; 23.040.45 Supersedes EN 579:1993English Version Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) - Estimation
6、 of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content (ISO 10147:2011) Tubes et raccords en polythylne rticul (PE-X) - Estimation du degr de rticulation par le mesurage du taux de gel (ISO 10147:2011) Rohre und Fittings aus vernetztem Polyethylen (PE-X) - Berechnung des Grades der Verne
7、tzung durch Bestimmung des Gel-Gehaltes (ISO 10147:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 10 August 2012. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without
8、any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other lang
9、uage made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmar
10、k, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE F
11、OR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 10147:2012: EBS EN ISO 10147:2012EN ISO
12、10147:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3BS EN ISO 10147:2012EN ISO 10147:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 10147:2011 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 138 “Plastics pipes, fittings and valves for the transport of fluids” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) a
13、nd has been taken over as EN ISO 10147:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 155 “Plastics piping systems and ducting systems” the secretariat of which is held by NEN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement,
14、at the latest by June 2013, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2013. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or
15、all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 579:1993. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organisations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estoni
16、a, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The te
17、xt of ISO 10147:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 10147:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 10147:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10147:2011(E)Pipes and fittings made of crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) Estimation of the degree of crosslinking by determination of the gel content1 ScopeThi
18、s International Standard specifies a method for the assessment of the degree of crosslinking in crosslinked polyethylene (PE-X) pipes and fittings by determination of the gel content by solvent extraction.2 PrincipleThe mass of a test piece taken from a pipe or a fitting is measured before and after
19、 immersion of the test piece in a solvent for a specified period of time. The degree of crosslinking is expressed as the percentage by mass of the insoluble material.For the minimum applicable values for the degree of crosslinking refer to the product or system standards.3 Solvent3.1 Xylene, an isom
20、eric mixture with a purity 98 % volume fraction and a boiling range of 137 C to 144 C, to which a 1 % volume fraction of antioxidant has been added.The antioxidant may be either 2,2-methylene-bis(4-methyl-6-tert-butylphenol) or antioxidants based on 3-(3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate o
21、r a combination of these.WARNING Xylene is a harmful and inflammable solvent that can be absorbed through the skin and, as such, should be handled carefully. Attention is drawn to any relevant regulations and associated exposure limits. Use only in a ventilated hood. Check the effectiveness of the h
22、ood before starting the test. Do not inhale the vapour. The appropriate safety equipment should be worn. Excessive inhalation of the vapour may cause dizziness, headache or both. In the event of excessive vapour inhalation, seek fresh, clean air.4 ApparatusThe following apparatus is required in orde
23、r to carry out the test.4.1 Reflux condenser, of the general type shown in Figure 1.4.2 Round-bottomed flask, of at least 500 ml capacity.4.3 Heating mantle, to fit the flask (4.2), and with sufficient heating capacity to boil xylene (boiling range: 137 C to 144 C).4.4 Cage, with lid, large enough t
24、o contain a test piece (see Clause 5).The cage shall be made of wire cloth or mesh, of aluminium or stainless steel, with a pore size of (125 25) m and sufficient to retain the sample. The wire cloth or mesh shall be free of grease, oil or other contaminants soluble in xylene. If not, it shall be wa
25、shed with acetone and dried before use.4.5 Lathe with automatic feed, for machining out test pieces, or microtome or other suitable cutting tool. ISO 2011 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 10147:2012Key1 identification tag and fine wire attached to cage2 stand3 ring clamp4 reflux condenser5 ground-glas
26、s joint or cork6 xylene7 wire cage enclosing test piece8 heating mantle9 wide-necked round-bottomed flask10 variable transformeraWater out.bWater in.Figure 1 Extraction apparatus4.6 Vacuum oven or forced-ventilation oven, capable of maintaining the specified conditions (see 6.6).4.7 Balance, capable
27、 of weighing the cage, with or without a test piece, to an accuracy of 1 mg.ISO 10147:2011(E)2 ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10147:20125 Preparation of test piecesThe test pieces are prepared in accordance with the following instructions.Any protective layer on the pipe or test sample shall
28、be removed prior to preparation of test pieces.Unless otherwise specified in the referring standard, at least two test pieces shall be prepared.Each test piece shall comprise a slice or shaving having a thickness of (0,2 0,02) mm, taken from a cross-section of the pipe or fitting to include the full
29、 wall thickness round at least one circumference unless specified otherwise by the referring standard. The mass of the test piece shall be 0,2 g.The degree of crosslinking can vary through the wall thickness of a pipe or fitting and therefore, for surface or midwall measurements, test pieces shall b
30、e machined accordingly.It is recommended that a lathe be used to machine test pieces from pipe. Alternatively, a microtome or other suitable cutting tool can be used to obtain the test pieces from fittings.6 Procedure6.1 Weigh a clean, dry cage including the lid (see 4.4), to an accuracy of 1 mg (ma
31、ss m1).6.2 Place a test piece in the cage, close the lid and weigh the cage and test piece together to an accuracy of 1 mg (mass m2).6.3 Place the cage and test piece in the flask (4.2) and ensure that there is sufficient xylene solvent to maintain total immersion and to provide a ratio by mass of s
32、olvent to test piece of at least 200:1.The solvent can be re-used after distillation with the addition of a further 1 % volume fraction of antioxidant (3.1). In case of dispute, use a new or freshly distilled solution.6.4 Boil the solvent vigorously to ensure good agitation for 8 h 30 min.6.5 Carefu
33、lly remove the cage and the residue of the test piece from the solution after the time specified in 6.4.CAUTION Take care when removing the cage from the boiling solution (see 3.1).6.6 Complete the drying of the residue, or cage, lid and residue, by placing them for at least 3 h in:a) either a vacuu
34、m oven (see 4.6), kept at (90 2) C under a vacuum (negative pressure) of at least 0,85 bar (85 kPa), i.e. approximately 0,15 bar absolute pressure or less; orb) a forced-ventilation oven (see 4.6), with an adequate extraction facility, kept at (140 2) C.6.7 Allow to cool to ambient temperature and w
35、eigh the residue (mass m4) or the cage, lid and residue (mass m3) to an accuracy of 1 mg.7 Calculation and expression of resultsCalculate the degree of crosslinking, G, of the material in the individual test pieces as the percentage by mass of the insoluble material, using one of the following equat
36、ions as appropriate:ISO 10147:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 10147:2012when only the residue was weighed:Gmm m=42 1100when the cage, lid and residue were weighed:Gm mm m=3 12 1100wherem1is the mass of the cage and lid, in milligrams;m2is the mass of the original test piece, the cage
37、 and the lid, in milligrams;m3is the mass of the residue, cage and lid, in milligrams;m4is the mass of the residue, in milligrams.Express the result to the nearest whole number.The mass of any filler present in the material shall be taken into account.The average degree of crosslinking, Ga, can be c
38、alculated from the individual results of a number of samples.8 Test reportThe test report shall include the following information:a) a reference to this International Standard, i.e ISO 10147, and, if applicable, to the standards making reference to this one;b) all details necessary for the identific
39、ation of the test piece;c) the degree of crosslinking, G, for the individual test pieces and the average, Ga, stating the number of samples tested;d) details of any variation in the specified procedure and of any abnormal behaviour observed during the test;e) the date of the test.ISO 10147:2011(E)4
40、ISO 2011 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10147:2012This page deliberately left blankThis page deliberately left blankBSI is the independent national body responsible for preparing British Standards and other standards-related publications, information and services. It presents the UK view on standards
41、in Europe and at the international level. BSI is incorporated by Royal Charter. British Standards and other standardisation products are published by BSI Standards Limited.British Standards Institution (BSI)raising standards worldwideBSI389 Chiswick High Road London W4 4AL UKTel +44 (0)20 8996 9001F
42、ax +44 (0)20 8996 Standards and PASs are periodically updated by amendment or revision. Users of British Standards and PASs should make sure that they possess the latest amendments or editions.It is the constant aim of BSI to improve the quality of our products and services. We would be grateful if
43、 anyone finding an inaccuracy or ambiguity while using British Standards would inform the Secretary of the technical committee responsible, the identity of which can be found on the inside frontcover. Similary for PASs, please notify BSI Customer Services.Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996
44、 7001BSI offers BSI Subscribing Members an individual updating service called PLUS which ensures that subscribers automatically receive the latest editions of British Standards and PASs.Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7669 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001Email: Buying standardsYou may buy PDF and hard copy versions of
45、standards directly using acredit card from the BSI Shop on the website addition all orders for BSI, international and foreign standards publicationscan be addressed to BSI Customer Services.Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 9001 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001Email: In response to orders for international standards, BS
46、I will supply the British Standard implementation of the relevant international standard, unless otherwise requested.Information on standardsBSI provides a wide range of information on national, Europeanand international standards through its Knowledge Centre.Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7004 Fax: +44 (0)20
47、8996 7005Email: BSI Subscribing Members are kept up to date with standards developments and receive substantial discounts on the purchase priceof standards. For details of these and other benefits contact Membership Administration. Tel: +44 (0)20 8996 7002 Fax: +44 (0)20 8996 7001 Email: Informatio
48、n regarding online access to British Standards and PASs via British Standards Online can be found at information about British Standards is available on the BSI website at www.bsi- the data, software and documentation set out in all British Standards and other BSI publications are the property of and copyrighted by BSI, or some person or entity that own copyright in the information used (such as the international standardisation bodies) has formally licensed such information to BSI for commerical publication and use. Except as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 n
