1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Plastics - Methods for the preparation of samples for biodegradation testing of plastic materials (ISO 10210:2012)BS EN ISO 10210:2017National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 10210:2017.
2、 It is identical to ISO 10210:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary
3、 provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 98000 8ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was pu
4、blished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 March 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 10210:2017EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 10210December 2017ICS 83.080.01EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR
5、STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 10210:2017: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersPlastics - Methods for
6、the preparation of samples for biodegradation testing of plastic materials (ISO 10210:2012)Plastiques - Mthodes de prparation des chantillons pour les essais de biodgradation des matriaux plastiques (ISO 10210:2012)Kunststoffe - Probenvorbereitung fr die Bestimmung der Bioabbaubarkeit von Kunststoff
7、-Materialien (ISO 10210:2012)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 17 October 2017.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date l
8、ists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation unde
9、r the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yu
10、goslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 10210:2017 (E)Europea
11、n forewordThe text of ISO 10210:2012 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 10210:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the secretariat of which is held by NBN.This Europe
12、an Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2018.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
13、this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria
14、, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain,
15、Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 10210:2012 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 10210:2017 without any modification.2BS EN ISO 10210:2017ISO 10210:2012Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 24 Principle
16、 35 Reagents 35.1 Solid carbon dioxide . 35.2 Liquid nitrogen . 36 Apparatus . 36.1 Sieves . 46.2 Rotor mill . 46.3 Rotating mechanical mixer . 46.4 Ball mill 46.5 Sieve shaker . 46.6 Microscope . 47 Procedure. 47.1 Preparation and dimensional control of test material prior to size reduction 47.2 Po
17、wder/pellet/granule test material 57.2.1 Powder test material produced by mechanical milling 57.2.2 Sieving of powder test material after mechanical milling . 57.2.3 Measurement of particle size distribution of milled test material . 57.3 Film and sheet test material 57.4 Test material in the form o
18、f products 67.5 Storage . 68 Calculation and expression of results . 68.1 Particle size distribution 69 Validity of preparation . 610 Sample preparation report 6Annex A (informative) Examples of the preparation and testing of powder test samples produced from pellets by milling using a rotating mech
19、anical mixer 8Annex B (informative) Examples of the preparation and testing of film and powder test samples produced from PLA film and pellets 14Annex C (informative) Examples of test samples produced from a plastic product 16Annex D (informative) Shape and size of pieces of test material used in IS
20、O standards for biodegradation testing of plastics .18Bibliography .20 ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 10210:2017ISO 10210:2012ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work
21、of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-government
22、al, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main
23、task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.Attent
24、ion is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO 10210 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical prop
25、erties.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10210:2017ISO 10210:2012IntroductionPlastics recovery technology includes material recycling, organic recycling and energy recovery. The use of biodegradable plastics is one of the valuable recovery options in the field of organic recycling.ISO standar
26、ds for determining the ultimate aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium, activated sludge, compost, digesting sludge and soil have been published. These standards include ISO 14851, ISO 14852, ISO 14853, ISO 14855-1, ISO 14855-2, ISO 15985 and ISO 17556. For
27、the user of these standards, it might be difficult to compare biodegradation changes during a test, even when using the same samples, due to differences in the test conditions. These differences might arise from the compost preparation, the test preparation methodology, the shape and/or size of the
28、test sample, etc. Accurate comparison of biodegradability data for the same plastic material can be difficult to achieve unless the conditions specified in the standards are accurately followed.A unified approach to test sample preparation is important in achieving consistency within the standards m
29、entioned above. The methods described in this document help to provide a consistent approach to sample preparation techniques for biodegradation testing of plastic materials. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 10210:2017This page deliberately left blankPlastics - Methods for the preparation of
30、samples for biodegradation testing of plastic materials (ISO 10210:2012)WARNING The use of this International Standard might involve hazardous materials, operations and equipment. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if any, associated with its use. It is the respons
31、ibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use.1 ScopeThis International Standard describes methods for the preparation of test samples used in the determination of the ultimate aerob
32、ic and anaerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium, soil, controlled compost or anaerobic digesting sludge. The methods described are designed to provide dimensional consistency of test samples, resulting in improved reproducibility of test results during the determination o
33、f the ultimate biodegradability of the product.These methods apply to the following materials: natural and/or synthetic polymers, copolymers or mixtures of these; plastic materials that contain additives, such as plasticizers or colorants; plastic composite materials that contain organic or inorgani
34、c fillers; products made from the above materials.2 Normative referencesThe following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including an
35、y amendments) applies.ISO 472, Plastics VocabularyISO 33101, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire clothISO 14851, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium Method by measuring the oxygen demand in a cl
36、osed respirometerISO 14852, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials in an aqueous medium Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxideISO 14853, Plastics Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation of plastic materials in an aqueous system Method by meas
37、urement of biogas productionISO 148551, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled composting conditions Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide Part 1: General methodISO 148552, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastic
38、materials under controlled composting conditions Method by analysis of evolved carbon dioxide Part 2: Gravimetric measurement of carbon dioxide evolved in a laboratory-scale testISO 15985, Plastics Determination of the ultimate anaerobic biodegradation and disintegration under high-solids anaerobic-
39、digestion conditions Method by analysis of released biogasINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 10210:2012 ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 10210:2017ISO 10210:2012ISO 17088, Specifications for compostable plasticsISO 17556, Determination of the ultimate aerobic biodegradability of plastics materials in
40、 soil by measuring the oxygen demand in a respirometer or the amount of carbon dioxide evolved3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply.3.1sievewire mesh of specified aperture size3.2bulk materialtest material taken f
41、rom a polymer product or part of a productNote 1 to entry: The size of the bulk polymeric test sample is approximately 1 cm 1 cm 1 cm.3.3sheetplanar product of arbitrarily limited maximum thickness in which the thickness is small compared to the length and widthNote 1 to entry: The thickness of shee
42、ts is typically 0,5 mm to 3 mm.3.4filmthin planar product of arbitrarily limited maximum thickness in which the thickness is very small compared to the length and width and which is generally supplied in roll formNote 1 to entry: The arbitrary thickness limit can differ between countries and often b
43、etween materials.Note 2 to entry: The thickness of films is typically 0,01 mm to 0.3 mm.3.5pelletsmall mass of preformed moulding material, having relatively uniform dimensions in any given batch and used as feedstock in moulding and extrusion operationsNote 1 to entry: The average diameter of pelle
44、ts can range from 1 mm to 5 mm.3.6granulerelatively small particle produced in various sizes and shapes in operations such as cutting, grinding, crushing, precipitation and polymerizationNote 1 to entry: These operations can also yield material in the form of powder and, in some precipitation and po
45、lymerization processes, material in the form of beads can be producedNote 2 to entry: The average diameter of granules can range from 0,1 mm to 3 mm.3.7powdervery fine particulate material smaller in size than granulesNote 1 to entry: The average diameter of polymeric powder particles can range from
46、 0,01 mm to 0,1 mm.3.8test material product from which a test sample is taken and used to assess the biodegradability of a polymeric item by means of standardized biodegradation tests2 ISO 2012 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 10210:2017ISO 10210:20124 PrincipleThis International Standard describes meth
47、ods for the preparation of test samples from polymer materials for biodegradation testing in the following environments: an aqueous medium as used in ISO 14851 and ISO 14852; mature compost as used in ISO 148551 and ISO 148552; digestion sludge as used in ISO 14853 and ISO 15985; simulated soilburia
48、l conditions on a laboratory scale as used in ISO 17556.The methods described provide a level of control over the test sample preparation from polymer pellets through to endproducts, minimizing the effect of sample shape on the biodegradation test results.Biodegradation data from test materials need
49、 to be as accurate and reproducible as possible. An important factor in establishing consistent test data is to use test samples with a regular surface area, produced by utilizing a defined preparation method. This will promote a high degree of homogeneity when the test sample is mixed with an aqueous medium, controlled compost or digestion sludge. The preparation methods described below use lowtemperature mechanical milling or cutting without changing certain physical properties of the test materials. Any chang
