1、Acoustics Measurement of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noisePart 2: The close-proximity methodBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 11819-2:2017.The
2、UK participation in its preparation was entrusted by Technical Committee EH/1, Acoustics, to Subcomittee EH/1/2, Transport noise.A list of organizations represented on this subcommittee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisi
3、ons of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 81122 7ICS 17.140.30; 93.080.20Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was
4、 published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 118192April 2017ICS 17.140.30EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FO
5、R STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCENCENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B1000 Brussels 2017 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 11819-2:2017: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national MembersAcoustics Measurement
6、 of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise Part 2: The close-proximity method (ISO 11819-2:2017)Acoustique Mthode de mesurage de linfluence des revtements de chausses sur le bruit mis par la circulation Partie 2: Mthode de proximit immdiate (ISO 11819-2:2017)Akustik Messung des Einflusses v
7、on Straenoberflchen auf Verkehrsgerusche Teil 2: Nahfeldmessverfahren (ISO 11819-2:2017)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 January 2017.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status
8、of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German
9、). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, C
10、yprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and
11、 United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 118192:2017 (E)European forewordThis document (EN ISO 11819-2:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43 “Acoustics” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 227 “Road materials” the secretariat of which is held by DIN.This European Standar
12、d shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2017.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this
13、 document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standa
14、rd: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Sloven
15、ia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.Endorsement noticeThe text of ISO 11819-2:2017 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 11819-2:2017 without any modification.iiBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017ISO 118192:2017(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope .12 Normative references 23 Terms and defin
16、itions .23.1 Road and pavement related definitions 23.2 Measurement methods and equipment 23.3 Acoustic quantities and symbols . 33.4 Symbols used for correction terms . 44 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 45 Measurement principle . 66 Measuring instruments . 66.1 Sound level instrumentation. 66.2 Fr
17、equency analysis instrumentation . 76.3 Sound calibration instrumentation . 76.4 Vehicle speed measuring instrumentation . 76.5 Position monitoring instrumentation . 76.6 Temperature measuring instrumentation 76.7 Tyre load measuring equipment . 76.8 Inflation pressure measuring equipment 76.9 Verif
18、ication of measuring system and measuring instrumentation . 77 Test sites 88 Meteorological conditions 88.1 Wind . 88.2 Temperature and other weather-related issues. 89 Test vehicle .99.1 General design . 99.2 Microphone positions and mounting 99.3 Performance requirements and conformity of the test
19、 vehicle .119.4 Reference tyres 119.5 Tyre rubber hardness. 119.6 Tyre mounting 119.7 Tyre run-in . 1210 Measurement procedure .1210.1 Preparations for measurements . 1210.2 Measurement of sound . 1210.3 Procedure for study of typical road section 1210.4 Minimum number of runs for very short road se
20、ctions .1310.5 Lateral position on the road . 1310.6 Longitudinal position on the road . 1310.7 Consideration of disturbing noise . 1310.8 Test vehicle speed 1310.8.1 Reference speeds 1310.8.2 Test speed and acceptable deviations 1310.9 Tyre loads . 1410.10 Tyre inflation . 1410.11 Temperature measu
21、rement 1410.11.1 General. 1410.11.2 Air temperature .1510.11.3 Road surface temperature (optional) .15 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017ISO 118192:2017(E)10.12 Overview and summary . 1511 Analysis procedure 1511.1 Definition of steps in the calculation process 1511.
22、2 Results expressed as overall levels . 1611.2.1 General. 1611.2.2 Case A . 1711.2.3 Case B 1711.2.4 Expression of CPX levels . 1711.3 Results expressed as one-third-octave-band levels .1811.3.1 General. 1811.3.2 Case A . 1811.3.3 Case B 1811.4 Correction for analysis of spectral levels . 1811.5 Aco
23、ustic variability . 1812 Measurement uncertainty assessment according to ISO/IEC Guide 983 .1913 Repeatability and reproducibility: System comparison according to ISO 57252 2114 Test report 21Bibliography .24Annex A (normative) Certification of the test vehicle26Annex B (normative) Averaging within
24、each road segment 32Annex C (informative) Detailed explanation of the calculation procedure .34Annex D (informative) Applicability of ISO 11819 methods.39Annex E (informative) Guidelines for design and use of the test vehicle 41Annex F (informative) Guidelines for measurements .45Annex G (informativ
25、e) Application of the CPX method for surveying large road networks 47Annex H (informative) Application of the CPX method for other objectives .50Annex I (informative) Summary of measurement parameters 51Annex J (informative) Validity and stability of the method .52Annex K (informative) Measurement u
26、ncertainty 55Annex L (informative) Reference road surface .58Annex M (informative) Calculation of closeproximity sound indices .60Annex O (informative) Example of test report 63iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017ISO 118192:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Stan
27、dardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right
28、 to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures u
29、sed to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules
30、 of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identifi
31、ed during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on t
32、he voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.
33、html.This document was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 43, Acoustics, Subcommittee SC 1, Noise.A list of all parts in the ISO 11819 series can be found on the ISO website. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017ISO 118192:2017(E)IntroductionThe emission and propagation of road tr
34、affic noise greatly depends on road surface characteristics, notably on texture, flow resistivity and acoustic absorption. All these characteristics influence the generation of tyre/road noise and, in addition, the acoustic absorption can influence the propagation of sound, particularly when the pro
35、pagation takes place close to the surface. Power unit noise, which is usually generated at a greater height above the road surface than tyre/road noise, may also be affected during propagation by the porosity characteristics of the road surface. These effects lead to differences in sound pressure le
36、vels, associated with a given traffic flow and composition, from different road surfaces of up to 15 dB, which can have a substantial impact on the environmental quality alongside a road.It is therefore important to be able to measure the influence of surface characteristics on tyre/road noise by a
37、standardized method. Within the constraints of this method, this document offers an objective rating of the road characteristics to satisfy a need expressed by road planners, road administrators, contractors, manufacturers of so-called “low-noise surfaces” and other parties concerned with the contro
38、l of road traffic noise.A method satisfying the needs expressed in the foregoing, but having serious practical constraints, appears in ISO 11819-1. That method, called the statistical pass-by (SPB) method, is intended for use essentially for two main purposes. It can be used: first, to classify surf
39、aces in typical and good condition as a type according to their influence on traffic noise (surface classification); and second, to evaluate the influence on traffic noise of different surfaces at particular sites irrespective of condition and age. However, due to severe requirements on the acoustic
40、al environment at the measurement site, the method cannot generally be used for approval of new or rebuilt surfaces at any arbitrary location. In addition, the SPB method has a number of other practical limitations, which are outlined in Annex D.The method specified in this document, together with I
41、SO/TS 11819-3, complements the SPB method in applications where the latter has limitations.vi ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 11819-2:2017Acoustics Measurement of the influence of road surfaces on traffic noise Part 2: The closeproximity method1 ScopeThis document specifies a method of evaluat
42、ing different road surfaces with respect to their influence on traffic noise, under conditions when tyre/road noise dominates. The interpretation of the results applies to free-flowing traffic travelling on essentially level roads at constant speeds of 40 km/h and upwards, in which cases tyre/road n
43、oise is assumed to dominate (although in some countries it is possible that tyre/road noise does not dominate at 40 km/h when the proportion of heavy vehicles is high). For other driving conditions where traffic is not free-flowing, such as at junctions or under heavy acceleration, and where the tra
44、ffic is congested, the influence of the road surface on noise emission is more complex. This is also the case for roads with high longitudinal gradients and a high proportion of heavy vehicles.A standard method for comparing noise characteristics of road surfaces gives road and environment authoriti
45、es a tool for establishing common practices or limits as to the use of surfacings meeting certain noise criteria. However, it is not within the scope of this document to suggest such criteria.ISO 11819-1 defines another method: the statistical pass-by (SPB) method. The close-proximity (CPX) method s
46、pecified in the present document has the same main objectives as the SPB method, but is intended to be used specifically in applications that are complementary to it, such as: noise characterization of road surfaces at almost any arbitrary site, with the main purpose of checking compliance with a su
47、rface specification (an example for conformity of production is suggested in Reference 1); checking the acoustic effect of maintenance and condition, e.g. wear of and damage to surfaces, as well as clogging and the effect of cleaning of porous surfaces; checking the longitudinal and lateral homogene
48、ity of a road section; the development of quieter road surfaces and research on tyre/road interaction.NOTE This document does not describe the conditions of application for formal purposes of the measurement with the CPX method. Such conditions may be defined in other standards or legal texts. Howev
49、er, suggestions for the applicability of ISO 11819-1 and this document are provided in Annex D.Measurements with the CPX method are faster and more practical than with the SPB method, but are more limited in the sense that it is relevant only in cases where tyre/road noise dominates and power unit noise can be neglected. Furthermore, it cannot take heavy vehicle tyre/road noise into account as fully as the SPB method can, since it uses a light truck tyre as a proxy for heavy vehicle tyres and does not take power unit noi
