1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 12228-1:2014Determination of individualand total sterols contents Gas chromatographic methodPart 1: Animal and vegetable fats and oilsBS EN ISO 12228-1:2014Incorporating corrigendum January 2015BS EN ISO 12228-1:2014 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British St
2、andard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 12228-1:2014. Together with BS EN ISO 12228-2:2014 it supersedes BS EN ISO 12228:1999, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee AW/307, Oilseeds, animal and vegetable fats and oils and their by-products.
3、A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2015. Published by BSI Stand
4、ards Limited 2015ISBN 978 0 580 89382 7ICS 67.200.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 July 2014.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDa
5、te Text affected31 January 2015 Supersession statement in National foreword updatedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12228-1 July 2014 ICS 67.200.10 Supersedes EN ISO 12228:1999English Version Determination of individual and total sterols contents - Gas chromatographic method
6、- Part 1: Animal and vegetable fats and oils (ISO 12228-1:2014) Dtermination de la teneur en strols individuels et totaux -Mthode par chromatographie en phase gazeuse - Partie 1: Corps gras dorigines animale et vgtale (ISO 12228-1:2014) Bestimmung der individuellen und der Gesamtsterine - Gaschromat
7、ographisches Verfahren - Teil 1: Tierische und pflanzliche Fette und le (ISO 12228-1:2014) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 June 2014. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status
8、 of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, Germ
9、an). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia
10、, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Unit
11、ed Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2014 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN
12、ISO 12228-1:2014 EBS EN ISO 12228-1:2014EN ISO 12228-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 12228-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 “Food products” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 307 “Oilseeds, vegetable and animal fats and oils and their by-products -
13、 Methods of sampling and analysis” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at
14、 the latest by January 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 12228:1999. According to
15、the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece,
16、 Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12228-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12228-1:2014 with
17、out any modification. BS EN ISO 12228-1:2014EN ISO 12228-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 12228-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 “Food products” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 307 “Oilseeds, vegetable and animal f s and oils and their by-product
18、s - Methods of sampling and analysis” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn
19、 at the latest by January 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 12228:1999. According
20、to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Gree
21、ce, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12228-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12228-1:2014 w
22、ithout any modification. BS EN ISO 12228-1:2014EN ISO 12228-1:2014 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 12228-1:2014) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 34 “Food products” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 307 “Oilseeds, vegetable and animal fats and oi s and their by-pro
23、ducts - Methods of sampling and analysis” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2015, and conflicting national standards shall be ithdr
24、awn at the latest by January 2015. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 12228:1999. Accordi
25、ng to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, G
26、reece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12228-1:2014 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12228-1:201
27、4 without any modification. BS EN ISO 12228-1:2014ISO 12228-1:2014(E) ISO 2014 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 15 Reagents 26 Apparatus . 37 Sample . 37.1 Sampling . 37.2 Preparation of the test sample 38 Proced
28、ure. 48.1 Preparation of the aluminium oxide column 48.2 Test portion 48.3 Extraction of the unsaponifiable matter . 48.4 Thin-layer chromatography . 48.5 Isolation of the sterols 48.6 Preparation of sterol trimethylsilyl ethers . 58.7 Gas chromatography 59 Expression of results 59.1 Identification
29、of sterols 59.2 Composition of sterols 59.3 Determination of the total sterol content 610 Precision . 710.1 Interlaboratory test. 710.2 Repeatability limit, r . 710.3 Reproducibility limit, R 711 Test report . 7Annex A (informative) Figures 8Annex B (informative) Interlaboratory trial .15Bibliograph
30、y .23BS EN ISO 12228-1:2014ISO 12228-1:2014(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each memb
31、er body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Ele
32、ctrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types
33、of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be hel
34、d responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information
35、 given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the foll
36、owing URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 34, Food products, Subcommittee SC 11, Animal and vegetable fats and oils.This first edition of ISO 12228-1, together with ISO 12228-2, cancels and replaces ISO 12228:1999, which has been technically
37、 revised.ISO 12228 consists of the following parts, under the general title Determination of individual and total sterols content Gas chromatographic method: Part 1: Animal and vegetable fats and oils Part 2: Olive oils and olive pomace oilsiv ISO 2014 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 12228-1:2014INTERN
38、ATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12228-1:2014(E)Determination of individual and total sterols contents Gas chromatographic method Part 1: Animal and vegetable fats and oils1 ScopeThis part of ISO 12228 specifies a procedure for the gas chromatographic determination of the content and composition of sterols in a
39、nimal and vegetable fats and oils. However, the determination of the contents and composition of sterols in olive and olive pomace oils is to be carried out using ISO 12228-2.2 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indis
40、pensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 661, Animal and vegetable fats and oils Preparation of test sampleISO 3696, Water for analytical laboratory
41、 use Specification and test methods3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1composition of sterolscomposition of individual sterols in the sample, beginning with cholesterol and ending with 7-avenasterol (see Table 1) under the conditions
42、 specified in this part of ISO 12228Note 1 to entry: The composition is expressed as a percentage of all peak areas, normalized to 100 %.3.2total sterol contentmass fraction of the sum of all individual sterols, as determined in accordance with the method specified in this part of ISO 12228, beginni
43、ng with cholesterol and ending with 7-avenasterol (see Table 1), divided by the mass of the test portionNote 1 to entry: The content is expressed in milligrams per kilogram.4 PrincipleA test portion is saponified by boiling under reflux with an ethanolic potassium hydroxide solution. The unsaponifia
44、ble matter is isolated by solid-phase extraction on an aluminium oxide column. The aluminium oxide column is used to retain the fatty acid anions; sterols pass through the column. The sterol fraction from the unsaponifiable matter is separated by thin-layer chromatography. The qualitative and quanti
45、tative compositions of the sterol fraction are determined by gas chromatography using cholestanol or betulin as the internal standard. ISO 2014 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 12228-1:2014ISO 12228-1:2014(E)5 ReagentsWARNING Attention is drawn to the regulations which specify the handling of hazardou
46、s substances. Technical, organizational, and personal safety measures shall be followed.Use only reagents of recognized analytical grade, unless otherwise stated, and water complying with grade 3 of ISO 36961.5.1 Potassium hydroxide (KOH), ethanolic solution, molar concentration c(KOH) approximately
47、 0,5 mol/l.Dissolve 3 g of potassium hydroxide in 5 ml of water and dilute to 100 ml with ethanol (5.3). The solution should be colourless or straw-coloured.5.2 Internal standard solution, cholestanol (5-cholestan-3-ol) or betulin, volume fraction of 1,0 mg/ml solution in ethanol (see note to 5.10).
48、NOTE In case of hydrogenated oils, which may contain cholestanol, the use of betulin (peak 17 in Table 1) is recommended.5.3 Ethanol, of minimum volume fraction = 95 %.5.4 Aluminium oxide, neutral, particle size 0,063 mm to 0,200 mm, activity grade I (water content = 0 %).5.5 Diethyl ether, freshly
49、distilled, free from peroxides and residue.WARNING Diethyl ether is highly flammable and can form explosive peroxides. Explosive limits in air are 1,7 % to 48 % (volume fraction). Take special precautions when using it. Keep away from heat sources and sunlight.5.6 Silica gel thin-layer chromatography (TLC) plates, commercially available, dimensions 20 cm 20 cm, thickness of layer 0,25 mm.5.7 Developing solvent, hexane/diethyl ether.Volume fraction of each solvent is 50 ml/100 ml.5.8 Standard solution for thin-layer chromatography, vol
