1、BS EN ISO 12947-2:2016Textiles Determinationof the abrasion resistanceof fabrics by the MartindalemethodPart 2: Determination of specimenbreakdown (ISO 12947-2:2016)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 12947-2:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewo
2、rdThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 12947-2:2016. It supersedes BS EN ISO 12947-2:1998 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TCI/24, Physical testing of textiles.A list of organizations represented on this committee can
3、be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 77366 2 ICS 59.080.30 Compl
4、iance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUR
5、OPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 12947-2 December 2016 ICS 59.080.30 Supersedes EN ISO 12947-2:1998English Version Textiles - Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method - Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown (ISO 12947-2:2016) Textiles - Dtermination de la rsist
6、ance labrasion des toffes par la mthode Martindale - Partie 2: Dtermination de la dtrioration de lprouvette (ISO 12947-2:2016) Textilien - Bestimmung der Scheuerbestndigkeit von textilen Flchengebilden mit dem Martindale-Verfahren - Teil 2: Bestimmung der Probenzerstrung (ISO 12947-2:2016) This Euro
7、pean Standard was approved by CEN on 21 November 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references
8、concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN membe
9、r into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Fran
10、ce, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey andUnited Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOM
11、ITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 12947-2:2016 EBS EN ISO 12947-2:2016EN ISO 12947-2:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document
12、 (EN ISO 12947-2:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 38 “Textiles“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 248 “Textiles and textile products” the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by public
13、ation of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by June 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by June 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall n
14、ot be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 12947-2:1998. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulg
15、aria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tu
16、rkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 12947-2:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 12947-2:2016 without any modification. BS EN ISO 12947-2:2016ISO 12947-2:2016(E)Foreword iv1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Principle 35 Apparatus and materi
17、als 36 Conditioning and testing atmosphere 57 Sampling and preparation of test specimens . 57.1 General . 57.2 Selection of the laboratory sample 57.3 Sampling of the test specimens from the laboratory sample . 57.4 Dimensions of specimens and auxiliary materials 67.4.1 Dimensions of the test specim
18、ens 67.4.2 Dimensions of abradant. 67.4.3 Dimensions of the abradant felt substrate 67.4.4 Dimensions of the specimen holder foam backing 67.5 Specimen preparation for specific fabrics . 67.5.1 Stretch fabrics. 67.5.2 Pile fabrics exceeding 500 g/m . 77.6 Preparation and mounting of the test specime
19、ns and cutting-out and mounting of the auxiliary materials 87.6.1 Preparation . 87.6.2 Mounting of the specimen . 87.6.3 Mounting of the abradant 87.7 Useful life of auxiliary materials 97.8 Preparation of the abrasion machine 98 Abrasion test procedure: Determination of the physical end-point . 99
20、Results 1110 Test report 11Annex A (informative) Topics for further investigations 13Bibliography .15 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 12947-2:2016ISO 12947-2:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
21、 bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organiza
22、tions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its furt
23、her maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directiv
24、es).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Int
25、roduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to
26、conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 38, Textiles, Subcommittee SC 24, Co
27、nditioning atmospheres and physical tests for textile fabrics.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 12947-2:1998), which has been technically revised.It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO 12947-2:1998/Cor 1:2002.A list of all parts in the ISO 12947 series can b
28、e found on the ISO website.iv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 12947-2:2016INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 12947-2:2016(E)Textiles Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method Part 2: Determination of specimen breakdown1 ScopeThis document specifies the procedure for
29、the determination of specimen breakdown (end-point of test) by inspection at fixed intervals and is applicable to all textile fabrics including nonwovens apart from fabrics where the specifier indicates the end performance as having a low abrasion wear life.This document is not applicable to coated
30、fabrics (including laminated fabrics). If the abrasion behaviour of the coated surface of a coated fabric is to be determined, use the methods described in the various parts of ISO 5470.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their
31、content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.ISO 105-A02, Textiles Tests for colour fastness Part A02: Grey scale for assessing change
32、in colourISO 139, Textiles Standard atmospheres for conditioning and testingISO 12947-1:1998, Textiles Determination of the abrasion resistance of fabrics by the Martindale method Part 1: Martindale abrasion testing apparatus3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the terms and def
33、initions given in ISO 12947-1, ISO 3572, ISO 8388, ISO 9092, ISO 23733 and the following apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ ISO Online browsing platform: available at ht
34、tp:/www.iso.org/obp3.1threadtextile yarn, either single or resulting from twisting together two or more single or folded yarns3.2woven fabricfabric produced by interlacing (by weaving on a loom or a weaving machine) a set of warp threads and a set of weft threads normally at right angles to each oth
35、erSOURCE: ISO 3572:1976, 2.1 ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 12947-2:2016ISO 12947-2:2016(E)3.3knitted fabricfabric in which at least one system of threads (3.1) is formed into knitted loops and the knitted loops are intermeshed into stitchesSOURCE: ISO 8388:1998, 3.0.13.4cut pile fabricfabr
36、ic for which a surface effect is formed by tufts or cut loops of threads (3.1) that stand up from the ground fabricNote 1 to entry: Corduroy fabric (cord fabric) is an example of cut pile fabric.3.5uncut pile fabricfabric for which a surface effect is formed by uncut loops of threads (3.1) that stan
37、d up from the ground fabric3.6raised fabricfabric for which a surface effect is formed by mechanically raising fibres from threads (3.1) of the ground fabric3.7flocked fabricfabric for which a surface effect is formed by fixing fibre snippets (flock) onto the surface of a textile substrate3.8chenill
38、e yarnnovelty yarn with pile protruding radially from the axis, where the pile fibres are held between a core yarn systemSOURCE: ISO 23733:2007, 3.13.9nonwoven fabricstructures of textile materials, such as fibres, continuous filaments, or chopped yarns of any nature or origin, that have been formed
39、 into webs by any means, and bonded together by any means, excluding the interlacing of yarns as in woven fabric (3.2), knitted fabric (3.3), laces, braided fabric or tufted fabricSOURCE: ISO 9092:2011, 2.1, modified.3.10specimen breakdownbreakdown point which is reached when criteria based on threa
40、d breakage or worn off area (3.11) are met3.11worn off areaarea which has been denuded of pile or flock such that the ground fabric is exposed3.11.1fully worn off areaworn off area (3.11) extending to more than three quarters of the exposed surface area3.11.2partially worn off areaworn off area (3.1
41、1) in which there is some visual loss of pile or flock in discrete locationsNote 1 to entry: A partially worn off area is such that when viewed through the template (5.2), no pile is visible and the ground fabric is exposed.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 12947-2:2016ISO 12947-2:2016(E)4 Pri
42、ncipleA circular specimen, mounted in a specimen holder and subjected to a defined load, is rubbed against an abrasive medium (standard fabric) in a translational movement tracing a Lissajous figure, the specimen holder being additionally freely rotatable around its own axis perpendicular to the pla
43、ne of the specimen. The evaluation of the abrasion resistance of the textile fabric is determined from the inspection interval to breakdown of the specimens.The specimens are mounted in specimen holders with foam backing. Specimens with a mass per unit area 500 g/m2are mounted in specimen holders wi
44、thout foam. Pile fabrics which are tested without foam backing are subjected to a specified preparatory treatment (see 7.5.2).Two abrasion load parameters are specified. The total effective mass of the abrasion load (i.e. the mass of the specimen holder assembly and the appropriate loading piece) ar
45、e as follows:a) (795 7) g for fabrics intended for workwear, upholstery, bed linen and fabrics for technical use (i.e. a nominal pressure of 12 kPa);b) (595 7) g for fabrics intended for apparel and household textiles, excluding upholstery and bed linen (i.e. a nominal pressure of 9 kPa).Abrasion te
46、sting is continued up to breakdown (see Clause 8) of the test specimen.The inspection interval is determined by the specimen breakdown. The number of rubs is recorded at which specimen breakdown is not yet observed (this number of rubs is the upper limit of the time elapsed before specimen breakdown
47、 and, at the same time, the lower limit of the abrasion interval at which specimen breakdown occurs).5 Apparatus and materials5.1 Test apparatus and auxiliary materials, as specified in ISO 12947-1.5.2 Template.A mask made of a rigid transparent material with a hole of diameter (2,5 0,1) mm through
48、which the test specimen can be viewed (to get an approximate viewing area of 4,9 mm).5.3 Magnifying device.A magnifying device (in most of the cases, a magnification factor of 8 or 10 has been found suitable) shall be used in order to recognize completely broken threads, including threads forming lo
49、ops. ISO 2016 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 12947-2:2016ISO 12947-2:2016(E)5.4 Mounting device for stretch fabrics.A device, as described in Figure 1, designed to prevent the circular adhesion area loosening when preparing test specimen of fabric; fabric suspected to be deformed during the abrasion stage due to its stretchability.The square table mount shall measure (45,0 0,1) mm (45,0 0,1) mm.Dimensions in millimetresKey1 table mount2 clamp3 mass (weight) piece4 lowering consoleFigure 1 Mounting device
