1、BSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 14253-2:2011Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipmentPart 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipmentand in product verificationBS EN ISO 1425
2、3-2:2011Incorporating corrigendum July 2013BS EN ISO 14253-2:2011 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14253-2:2011. It is identical to ISO 14253-2:2011, incorporating corrigendum July 2013. It supersedes DD ENV ISO 14253-2:2001, which is withdraw
3、n.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TDW/4, Technical Product Realization.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contrac
4、t. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2013. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2013ISBN 978 0 580 83991 7ICS 17.040.01Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the autho
5、rity of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 May 2011.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 August 2013 Implementation of ISO corrigendum July 2013: key in Figure 3 updatedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14253-2 April 2011 ICS 17.040
6、.01 Supersedes ENV ISO 14253-2:2001English Version Geometrical product specifications (GPS) - Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment - Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement,in calibration of measuring equipment and in product verification (ISO
7、 14253-2:2011) Spcification gomtrique des produits (GPS) - Vrification par la mesure des pices et des quipements de mesure - Partie 2: Lignes directrices pour lestimation de lincertitude dans les mesures GPS, dans ltalonnage des quipements de mesure et dans la vrification des produits (ISO 14253-2:2
8、011) Geometrische Produktspezifikationen (GPS) - Prfung von Werkstcken und Messgerten durch Messen - Teil 2: Leitfaden zur Schtzung der Unsicherheit von GPS-Messungen bei der Kalibrierung von Messgerten und bei der Produktprfung (ISO 14253-2:2011) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 14 Apr
9、il 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obta
10、ined on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CE
11、N-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg,
12、 Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2011 CEN All rights of
13、exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 14253-2:2011: EBS EN ISO 14253-2:2011 EN ISO 14253-2:2011 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 14253-2:2011) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213 “Dimensional and geometrical product
14、 specifications and verification“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an
15、identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be
16、held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes ENV ISO 14253-2:2001. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria,
17、 Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The
18、text of ISO 14253-2:2011 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 14253-2:2011 without any modification. BS EN ISO 14253-2:2011ISO 14253-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .v Introductionvi 1 Scope1 2 Normative references2 3 Terms and definitions .2 4 Symbols4 5 Concept of
19、the iterative GUM method for estimation of uncertainty of measurement 5 6 Procedure for Uncertainty MAnagement PUMA 6 6.1 General .6 6.2 Uncertainty management for a given measurement process.6 6.3 Uncertainty management for design and development of a measurement process/procedure 7 7 Sources of er
20、rors and uncertainty of measurement10 7.1 Types of errors 10 7.2 Environment for the measurement12 7.3 Reference element of measurement equipment 12 7.4 Measurement equipment 12 7.5 Measurement set-up (excluding the placement and clamping of the workpiece) .13 7.6 Software and calculations 13 7.7 Me
21、trologist .13 7.8 Measurement object, workpiece or measuring instrument characteristic13 7.9 Definition of the GPS characteristic, workpiece or measuring instrument characteristic14 7.10 Measuring procedure14 7.11 Physical constants and conversion factors .14 8 Tools for the estimation of uncertaint
22、y components, standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty .14 8.1 Estimation of uncertainty components.14 8.2 Type A evaluation for uncertainty components.15 8.3 Type B evaluation for uncertainty components.15 8.4 Common Type A and B evaluation examples.17 8.5 Black and transparent box model of un
23、certainty estimation20 8.6 Black box method of uncertainty estimation Summing of uncertainty components into combined standard uncertainty, uc.21 8.7 Transparent box method of uncertainty estimation Summing of uncertainty components into combined standard uncertainty, uc.21 8.8 Evaluation of expande
24、d uncertainty, U, from combined standard uncertainty, uc22 8.9 Nature of the uncertainty of measurement parameters ucand U.22 9 Practical estimation of uncertainty Uncertainty budgeting with PUMA23 9.1 General .23 9.2 Preconditions for an uncertainty budget23 9.3 Standard procedure for uncertainty b
25、udgeting .24 10 Applications .26 10.1 General .26 10.2 Documentation and evaluation of the uncertainty value 27 10.3 Design and documentation of the measurement or calibration procedure 27 10.4 Design, optimization and documentation of the calibration hierarchy .28 BS EN ISO 14253-2:2011ISO 14253-2:
26、2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword .vIntroductionvi1 Scope12 Normative references.3 Terms and definitions .24 Symbols45 Concept of the iterative GUM method for estimation of uncertainty of measurement 56 Procedure for Uncertainty MAnagement PUMA 6 6.1 General .6 6.2 Uncer
27、tainty management for a given measurement process.6 6.3 Uncertainty management for design and development of a measurement process/procedure 77 Sources of errors and uncertainty of measurement10 7.1 Types of errors 10 7.2 Environment for the measurement12 7.3 Reference element of measurement equipme
28、nt 12 7.4 Measurement equipment 12 7.5 Measurement set-up (excluding the placement and clamping of the workpiece) .13 7.6 Software and calculations 13 7.7 Metrologist .13 7.8 Measurement object, workpiece or measuring instrument characteristic13 7.9 Definition of the GPS characteristic, workpiece or
29、 measuring instrument characteristic14 7.10 Measuring procedure14 7.11 Physical constants and conversion factors .14 8 Tools for the estimation of uncertainty components, standard uncertainty and expanded uncertainty .14 8.1 Estimation of uncertainty components.14 8.2 Type A evaluation for uncertain
30、ty components.15 8.3 Type B evaluation for uncertainty components.15 8.4 Common Type A and B evaluation examples.17 8.5 Black and transparent box model of uncertainty estimation20 8.6 Black box method of uncertainty estimation Summing of uncertainty components into combined standard uncertainty, uc.
31、21 8.7 Transparent box method of uncertainty estimation Summing of uncertainty components into combined standard uncertainty, uc.21 8.8 Evaluation of expanded uncertainty, U, from combined standard uncertainty, uc22 8.9 Nature of the uncertainty of measurement parameters ucand U.22 9 Practical estim
32、ation of uncertainty Uncertainty budgeting with PUMA23 9.1 General .23 9.2 Preconditions for an uncertainty budget23 9.3 Standard procedure for uncertainty budgeting .2410 Applications .26 10.1 General .26 10.2 Documentation and evaluation of the uncertainty value 27 10.3 Design and documentation of
33、 the measurement or calibration procedure 27 10.4 Design, optimization and documentation of the calibration hierarchy .28 BS EN ISO 14253-2:2011ISO 14253-2:2011(E) iv ISO 2011 All rights reserved10.5 Design and documentation of new measurement equipment . 29 10.6 Requirements for and qualification o
34、f the environment. 29 10.7 Requirements for and qualification of measurement personnel. 29 Annex A (informative) Example of uncertainty budgets Calibration of a setting ring 31 Annex B (informative) Example of uncertainty budgets Design of a calibration hierarchy. 38 Annex C (informative) Example of
35、 uncertainty budgets Measurement of roundness . 63 Annex D (informative) Relation to the GPS matrix model 69 Bibliography. 71 BS EN ISO 14253-2:2011ISO 14253-2:2011(E) ISO 2011 All rights reserved vForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of nationa
36、l standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. Internation
37、al organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules
38、 given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at le
39、ast 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14253-2 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC
40、213, Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification. This first edition of ISO 14253-2 cancels and replaces ISO/TS 14253-2:1999, which has been technically revised. It also incorporates the Technical Corrigendum ISO/TS 14253-2:1999/Cor.1:2007. ISO 14253 consists of the following
41、 parts, under the general title Geometrical product specifications (GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment: Part 1: Decision rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specifications Part 2: Guidance for the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in ca
42、libration of measuring equipment and in product verification Part 3: Guidelines for achieving agreements on measurement uncertainty statements Part 4: Background on functional limits and specification limits in decision rules Technical Specification BS EN ISO 14253-2:2011ISO 14253-2:2011(E) vi ISO 2
43、011 All rights reservedIntroduction This part of ISO 14253 is a global GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638:1995). This global GPS standard influences chain links 4, 5 and 6 in all chains of standards. The ISO/GPS Masterplan given in ISO/TR 14638 gives an overview of the ISO/GPS system of which thisdocume
44、nt is a part. The fundamental rules of ISO/GPS given in ISO 8015 apply to this document and the default decision rules given in ISO 14253-1 apply to specifications made in accordance with this document, unless otherwise indicated. For more detailed information on the relation of this International S
45、tandard to other standards and to the GPS matrix model, see Annex D. This part of ISO 14253 has been developed to support ISO 14253-1. This part of ISO 14253 establishes a simplified, iterative procedure of the concept and the way to evaluate and determine uncertainty (standard uncertainty and expan
46、ded uncertainty) of measurement, and the recommendations of the format to document and report the uncertainty of measurement information as given in the Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM). In most cases, only very limited resources are necessary to estimate uncertainty of me
47、asurement by this simplified, iterative procedure, but the procedure may lead to a slight overestimation of the uncertainty of measurement. If a more accurate estimation of the uncertainty of measurement is needed, the more elaborated procedures of the GUM need to be applied. This simplified, iterat
48、ive procedure of the GUM methods is intended for GPS measurements, but may be used in other areas of industrial (applied) metrology. The uncertainty of measurement and the concept of handling uncertainty of measurement are important to all the technical functions within a company. This part of ISO 1
49、4253 is relevant to several technical functions, including management, design and development, manufacturing, quality assurance and metrology. This part of ISO 14253 is of special importance in relation to ISO 9000 quality assurance systems, e.g. it is a requirement that methods for monitoring and measurement of the quality management system processes are suitable. The measurement uncertainty is a measure of the process suitability. In this part of ISO 14253, the uncertainty of the result of a process of c
