1、BS EN ISO 14577-4:2016Metallic materials Instrumented indentation testfor hardness and materialsparametersPart 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatings (ISO 14577-4:2016)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 14577-4:2016 BRITISH STAND
2、ARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14577-4:2016. It supersedes BS EN ISO 14577-4:2007 which iswithdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee ISE/101/5, Indentation hardness testing.A list of organizations represented o
3、n this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 79989
4、1 ICS 77.040.10 Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 December 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPE
5、AN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 14577-4 November 2016 ICS 77.040.10 Supersedes EN ISO 14577-4:2007English Version Metallic materials - Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters - Part 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatings (ISO 14577-4:2016
6、)Matriaux mtalliques - Essai de pntration instrument pour la dtermination de la duret et de paramtres des matriaux - Partie 4 : Mthode dessai pour les revtements mtalliques et non mtalliques (ISO 14577-4:2016) Metallische Werkstoffe - Instrumentierte Eindringprfung zur Bestimmung der Hrte und andere
7、r Werkstoffparameter - Teil 4: Prfverfahren fr metallische und nichtmetalische Schichten (ISO 14577-4:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 1 October 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European
8、Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (En
9、glish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium
10、, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerla
11、nd, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Me
12、mbers. Ref. No. EN ISO 14577-4:2016 EBS EN ISO 14577-4:2016EN ISO 14577-4:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 14577-4:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 164 “Mechanical testing of metals“ in collaboration with Technical Committee ECISS/TC 101 “Test methods for steel
13、 (other than chemical analysis)” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the l
14、atest by May 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN ISO 14577-4:2007. According to the CEN-
15、CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary
16、, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14577-4:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14577-4:2016 without any
17、modification. BS EN ISO 14577-4:2016ISO 14577-4:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Symbols and designations 24 Calibration and direct verification of testing machines 25 Test pieces . 25.1 General . 25.2 Surface roughness 25.3 Polishing . 35.4 Surface cleanliness 36
18、 Procedure. 46.1 Test conditions 46.2 Measurement procedure 56.2.1 General 56.2.2 Force control experiments 57 Data analysis and evaluation of results for indentation normal to the surface 57.1 General . 57.2 Coating indentation modulus . 67.3 Coating indentation hardness 98 Uncertainty of the resul
19、ts .159 Test report 15Annex A (informative) Contact point and fully elastic regime 16Bibliography .18 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 14577-4:2016ISO 14577-4:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards
20、 bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organiza
21、tions, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its fur
22、ther maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directi
23、ves).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the In
24、troduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to
25、 conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html.The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 164, Mechanical testing of metals,
26、Subcommittee SC 3, Hardness testing.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 14577-4:2007), which has been technically revised.ISO 14577 consists of the following parts, under the general title Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials paramet
27、ers: Part 1: Test method Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machines Part 3: Calibration of reference blocks Part 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatingsiv ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 14577-4:2016ISO 14577-4:2016(E)IntroductionThe elastic and plastic properties o
28、f a coating are critical factors determining the performance of the coated product. Indeed, many coatings are specifically developed to provide wear resistance that is usually conferred by their high hardness. Measurement of coating hardness is often used as a quality control check. Youngs modulus b
29、ecomes important when calculation of the stress in a coating is required in the design of coated components. For example, the extent to which coated components can withstand external applied forces is an important property in the capability of any coated system.It is relatively straightforward to de
30、termine the hardness and indentation modulus of bulk materials using instrumented indentation. However, when measurements are made normal to a coated surface, depending on the force applied and the thickness of the coating, the substrate properties influence the result.The purpose of this part of IS
31、O 14577 is to provide guidelines for conditions where a significant influence of the substrate is detected and to provide possible analytical methods to enable the coating properties to be extracted from the composite measurement. In some cases, the coating property can be determined directly from m
32、easurements on a cross-section. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 14577-4:2016BS EN ISO 14577-4:2016Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters Part 4: Test method for metallic and non-metallic coatings1 ScopeThis part of ISO 14577 specifies a method
33、for testing coatings which is particularly suitable for testing in the nano/micro range applicable to thin coatings. However, the application of this method of this part of ISO 14577 is not needed if the indentation depth is such a small fraction of the coating thickness that in any possible case a
34、substrate influence can be neglected and the coating can be considered as a bulk material. Limits for such cases are given.This test method is limited to the examination of single layers when the indentation is carried out normal to the test piece surface, but graded and multilayer coatings can also
35、 be measured in cross-section if the thickness of the individual layers or gradations is greater than the spatial resolution of the indentation process.The test method is not limited to any particular type of material. Metallic and non-metallic coatings are included in the scope of this part of ISO
36、14577. In this part of ISO 14577, the term coating is used to refer to any solid layer with homogeneous properties different to that of a substrate it is connected to. The method assumes that coating properties are constant with indentation depth. Composite coatings are considered to be homogenous i
37、f the structure size is less than the indentation size.The application of this part of ISO 14577 regarding measurement of indentation hardness is only possible if the indenter is a pyramid or a cone with a radius of tip curvature small enough for plastic deformation to occur within the coating. The
38、hardness of visco-elastic materials or materials exhibiting significant creep will be strongly affected by the time taken to perform the test.NOTE 1 ISO 14577-1, ISO 14577-2 and ISO 14577-3 define usage of instrumented indentation testing of bulk materials over all force and displacement ranges.NOTE
39、 2 The analysis used here does not make any allowances for pile-up or sink-in of indents. Use of Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) to assess the indent shape allows the determination of possible pile-up or sink-in of the surface around the indent. These surface effects result in an under-estimate (pile-
40、up) or over-estimate (sink-in) of the contact area in the analysis and hence may influence the measured results. Pile-up generally occurs for fully work-hardened materials. Pile-up of soft, ductile materials is more likely for thinner coatings due to the constraint of the stresses in the zone of pla
41、stic deformation in the coating. It has been reported that the piled up material results in an effective increase of the contact area for the determination of hardness, while the effect is less pronounced for the determination of indentation modulus, since the piled up material behaves less rigidly.
42、122 Normative referencesThe following documents, in whole or in part, are normatively referenced in this document and are indispensable for its application. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amen
43、dments) applies.ISO 14577-1:2015, Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters Part 1: Test methodISO 14577-2:2015, Metallic materials Instrumented indentation test for hardness and materials parameters Part 2: Verification and calibration of testing machine
44、sINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 14577-4:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 14577-4:2016ISO 14577-4:2016(E)ISO/IEC Guide 98-3, Uncertainty of measurement Part 3: Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM)3 Symbols and designationsISO 14577-1:2015, Table 1 provides a listing
45、of symbols and their related designations. Additional symbols and designations used in this international standard are included in Table 1.Table 1 Symbols and designationsSymbol Designation Unita Radius of contact mmtcThickness of the coating mmEITcIndentation modulus of the coating GPaEITc* Indenta
46、tion plane-strain modulus of the coating GPaHITcIndentation hardness of the coating GPa4 Calibration and direct verification of testing machinesThe instrument shall be calibrated and directly verified according to the procedures set out in ISO 14577-2:2015, Clause 4.Indirect verification according t
47、o the procedure specified in ISO 14577-2:2015, Clause 5, using a reference material, shall be made to ensure that a new direct verification is not needed and that no damage or contamination has occurred to the indenter tip.Indentation experiments may be performed with a variety of differently shaped
48、 indenters which should be chosen to optimize the plastic and elastic deformation required for a given coating substrate system. Typical indenter shapes are Vickers, Berkovich, conical, spherical and corner cube.For the determination of coating plastic properties, pointed indenters are recommended.
49、The thinner the coating, the sharper the indenter should be. For the determination of coating elastic properties, any geometry indenter may be used provided that its area function is known. If only the elastic properties of the coating are required, indentations in the fully elastic regime are recommended (if possible) as this avoids problems due to fracture, pile-up and high creep rates. A larger radius indenter tip or sphere will allow fully elastic indentations over a larger force range than a smaller radius indenter. H
