1、BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 14978:2006Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipmentThe European Standard EN ISO 14978:2006 has the status of a British StandardICS 17.040.30g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g5
2、3g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58BS EN ISO 14978:2006This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 28 September 2007 BSI 2007ISBN 978 0 580 53560
3、4National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 14978:2006.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee TDW/4, Technical product realization (TPR).A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secret
4、ary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsEUROPEAN STANDARDN
5、ORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 14978July 2006ICS 17.040.30English VersionGeometrical Product Specifications (GPS) - General conceptsand requirements for GPS measuring equipment (ISO14978:2006)Spcification gomtrique des produits (GPS) - Conceptset exigences gnraux pour les quipements de mesureGP
6、S (ISO 14978:2006)Geometrische Produktspezifikation (GPS) - AllgemeineBegriffe und Anforderungen fr GPS Messeinrichtungen(ISO 14978:2006)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 19 June 2006.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions
7、 for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official
8、 versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium
9、, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania,Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION
10、COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2006 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 14978:2006: EForeword This document (EN ISO 14978:2006) has b
11、een prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 213 “Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 290 “Dimensional and geometrical product specification and verification“, the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Sta
12、ndard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2007, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2007. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national st
13、andards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal,
14、 Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 14978:2006 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 14978:2006 without any modifications. EN ISO 14978:2006Reference numberISO 14978:2006(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO14978FIrst edition2006-07-01
15、Geometrical product specifications (GPS) General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipment Spcification gomtrique des produits (GPS) Concepts et exigences gnraux pour les quipements de mesure GPS EN ISO 14978:2006ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope . 1 2 Normative refe
16、rences . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 2 4 Abbreviations 12 5 Design characteristics 13 5.1 General. 13 5.2 Indicating measuring equipment 14 5.3 Material measures. 14 6 Metrological characteristics 15 6.1 General. 15 6.2 Identification, definition and choice of metrological characteristics 16 6.3 Indi
17、cating measuring equipment identification of general metrological characteristics. 17 6.4 Material measures Identification of general metrological characteristics. 19 7 Types of presentation and types of specifications for characteristics. 21 7.1 General. 21 7.2 Presentation of characteristic curves
18、 Fixed and floating zero . 21 7.3 Presentation of a characteristic Statistical . 24 7.4 Specifications for single-value metrological characteristics. 25 7.5 Specification for metrological characteristics defined in a range. 25 7.6 Specification for metrological characteristics defined in a two- or t
19、hree-dimensional range 29 8 Calibration of metrological characteristics 29 8.1 Manufacturer and supplier of measuring instruments . 29 8.2 User of measuring instruments. 29 8.3 Measurement uncertainty 29 9 Marking 30 Annex A (normative) General minimum requirements and guidance for clauses in GPS st
20、andards for specific measuring equipment 31 Annex B (informative) Data sheet for measuring equipment requirements. 33 Annex C (normative) Relation to the GPS matrix model 35 Bibliography . 37 EN ISO 14978:2006iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federat
21、ion of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committe
22、e. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance
23、with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires app
24、roval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 14978 was prepared by Technical Commi
25、ttee ISO/TC 213, Dimensional and geometrical product specifications and verification. EN ISO 14978:2006vIntroduction This International Standard is a geometrical product specification (GPS) standard and is to be regarded as a global GPS standard (see ISO/TR 14638). It influences chain links 5 and 6
26、of all chains of standards in the general GPS matrix. For more detailed information of the relation of this International Standard to other standards and the GPS matrix model, see Annex C. This International Standard contains guidance for writing the standards for specific measuring equipment. This
27、International Standard is intended to give the user a basic understanding of the use of ISO standards for GPS measuring equipment. This International Standard presents and defines general concepts to be used in connection with GPS measuring equipment to avoid multiple repetitions in the ISO standard
28、s for specific GPS measuring equipment. This International Standard is also intended as guidance for the manufacturer to evaluate and present specifications for characteristics for GPS measurement equipment. This International Standard should be close at hand when reading and using ISO standards for
29、 a specific GPS measuring equipment. EN ISO 14978:2006blank1Geometrical product specifications (GPS) General concepts and requirements for GPS measuring equipment 1 Scope This International Standard specifies the general requirements, terms and definitions of characteristics of simple GPS measuring
30、equipment, e.g. micrometers, dial gauges, callipers, surface plates, height gauges, gauge blocks, but not necessarily excluding more complicated equipment. It forms the basis for standards defining and describing the design characteristics and metrological characteristics for measuring equipment. It
31、 also gives guidance for the development and content of standards for GPS measuring equipment. This International Standard is intended to ease the communication between manufacturer/supplier and customer/user and to make the specification phase of GPS measuring equipment more accurate. This Internat
32、ional Standard is also intended as a tool to be used in companies in the process of defining and selecting relevant characteristics for measuring equipment to be used in the quality assurance of measuring processes, i.e. in calibration and in workpiece measurements. This International Standard also
33、includes terms which are frequently used in connection with the characterization of specific measuring equipment. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated refere
34、nces, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 1:2002, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Standard reference temperature for geometrical product specification and verification ISO 1101:2004, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS Geometrical tolera
35、ncing Tolerances of form, orientation, location and run-out ISO 5459:1), Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Geometrical tolerancing Datums and datum systems ISO 14253-1:1998, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 1: Decisi
36、on rules for proving conformance or non-conformance with specifications ISO/TS 14253-2:1999, Geometrical Product Specifications (GPS) Inspection by measurement of workpieces and measuring equipment Part 2: Guide to the estimation of uncertainty in GPS measurement, in calibration of measuring equipme
37、nt and product verification ISO/TS 17450-2, Geometrical product specifications (GPS) General concepts Part 2: Basic tenets, specifications, operators and uncertainties International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM), BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, 1987 1) To be published.
38、 (Revision of ISO 5459:1981.) EN ISO 14978:20062 International vocabulary of basic and general terms in metrology (VIM), BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, 1993 Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (GUM), BIPM, IEC, IFCC, ISO, IUPAC, IUPAP, OIML, 19932)3 Terms and definitions For t
39、he purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 14253-1, ISO/TS 14253-2, ISO/TS 17450-2, VIM and GUM and the following apply. 3.1 measuring equipment ME any instrument, measurement standard, reference material and/or auxiliary apparatus or any combination thereof necessary to im
40、plement a measurement process for carrying out a specified and defined measurement NOTE 1 This definition is necessarily wider than that of a measuring instrument VIM:1993, 4.1 since it includes all the means necessary for producing a measurement result. NOTE 2 The concept measuring equipment includ
41、es, for example, indicating measuring instruments (3.2) and material measures (3.3). 3.2 indicating measuring instrument measuring equipment that displays an indication NOTE 1 The display can be analog (continuous or discontinuous) or digital. NOTE 2 Values of more than one quantity can be displayed
42、 simultaneously. NOTE 3 A displaying measuring instrument can also provide a record. VIM:1993, 4.6 EXAMPLES a) Analog mechanical dial gauge, b) digital calliper, c) micrometer. NOTE 4 The examples given in VIM are changed here to examples in length units. 3.3 material measure device intended to repr
43、oduce or supply, in a permanent manner during its use, one or more known values of a given quantity NOTE 1 The quantity concerned can be called the supplied quantity. VIM:1993, 4.2 2) Corrected and reprinted in 1995. EN ISO 14978:20063EXAMPLES a) Gauge block, b) ball plate, c) angle block, d) limit
44、gauge (e.g. gap gauge), e) functional gauge, f) surface texture standard, g) reference ring, h) tape measure. NOTE 2 Material measure is included in the concept measuring equipment. NOTE 3 The examples given in VIM are changed here to examples in length units. 3.4 mono-characteristic measuring equip
45、ment measuring equipment which can be characterised by a single metrological characteristic NOTE 1 Mono-characteristic measuring equipment is a simplifying theoretical concept which is described in this standard as a contrast to the case of actual multi-characteristic measuring equipment. NOTE 2 For
46、 simplification, especially when evaluating uncertainty contributions, multi-characteristic measuring equipment (3.5) can be considered as a “black box” and therefore can be assumed to be a mono-characteristic measuring equipment. 3.5 multi-characteristic measuring equipment measuring equipment whic
47、h is characterised by two or more metrological characteristics NOTE All GPS measuring equipment is multi-characteristic (see 3.4 NOTE 2). 3.6 measurement process set of interrelated resources, activities and influences which produce a measurement NOTE 1 This term is commonly used for the calibration
48、 of measuring equipment and the measurement of workpieces. NOTE 2 Resources can be human or material. 3.7 intended use measuring equipment measurement process in which specific measuring equipment is to be used NOTE 1 Knowledge about intended use usually reduces the number of metrological requiremen
49、ts to be calibrated. NOTE 2 Knowledge about intended use of the maximum permissible errors (MPE, see 3.21) for the metrological requirements that need to be calibrated usually allows adjustment to more economical and less restrictive values. 3.8 calibration measuring equipment set of operations that establish, under specified conditions, the relationship between values of quantities indicated by a measuring instrument or measuring system, or values represented by a material measure or a reference material, and the correspon
