1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 15234:2010Paints and varnishes Testingof formaldehyde-emittingcoatings and melamine foams Determination of thesteady-state concentration offormaldehyde in a small testc
2、hamber (ISO 15234:1999)BS EN ISO 15234:2010 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO15234:2010.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee STI/3, Paints, media and related products.A list of organizations represented on
3、 this committee can beobtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. BSI 2010ISBN 978 0 580 71385 9ICS 87.040Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity froml
4、egal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 November 2010.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 15234 November 2010 ICS 87.040 English Version Pain
5、ts and varnishes - Testing of formaldehyde-emitting coatings and melamine foams - Determination of the steady-state concentration of formaldehyde in a small test chamber (ISO 15234:1999) Peintures et vernis - Essais des revtements et mousses mlamines qui mettent du formaldhyde - Dtermination de la c
6、oncentration lquilibre du formaldhyde dans une petite chambre dessai (ISO 15234:1999) Beschichtungsstoffe - Prfung von Formaldehyd emittierenden Beschichtungen und Melaminschaumstoffen - Bestimmung der Ausgleichskonzentration an Formaldehyd in einem kleinen Prfraum (ISO 15234:1999)This European Stan
7、dard was approved by CEN on 16 October 2010. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning
8、 such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its
9、 own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, I
10、taly, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1
11、000 Brussels 2010 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 15234:2010: EBS EN ISO 15234:2010EN ISO 15234:2010 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 15234:1999 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 35 “Paints and varni
12、shes” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 15234:2010 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 139 “Paints and varnishes” the secretariat of which is held by DIN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publicat
13、ion of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by May 2011, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by May 2011. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not b
14、e held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Es
15、tonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 15234:1999 has been approved by C
16、EN as a EN ISO 15234:2010 without any modification. BS EN ISO 15234:2010INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO ISO 15234:1999(E)1Paints and varnishes Testing of formaldehyde-emitting coatingsand melamine foams Determination of the steady-stateconcentration of formaldehyde in a small test chamber1 ScopeThis Inte
17、rnational Standard specifies a test method for determining the equilibrium concentration of formaldehydefrom formaldehyde-emitting coatings and melamine foams in a small test chamber.It describes the determination of the equilibrium concentration of formaldehyde that is established in air at 23 C an
18、d50 % relative humidity. The test closely simulates practical conditions and can be performed on a laboratory scale.Good correlation is obtained with values obtained on samples of the same material in a 40 m3test chamber. Themethod, which is simple to perform, is therefore suitable for the prelimina
19、ry determination of limits that have to beadhered to.2 Normative referencesThe following standards contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of thisInternational Standard. At the time of publication, the editions indicated were valid. All standards are subject t
20、orevision, and parties to agreements based on this International Standard are encouraged to investigate thepossibility of applying the most recent editions of the standards indicated below. Members of IEC and ISO maintainregisters of currently valid International Standards.ISO 3270:1984, Paints and
21、varnishes and their raw materials Temperatures and humidities for conditioning andtesting.ISO 3696:1987, Water for analytical laboratory use Specification and test method.3 DefinitionsFor the purposes of this International Standard, the following definitions apply.3.1equilibrium concentrationceqlthe
22、 concentration of formaldehyde in the air in the test chamber that is reached when several successive values ofthe concentration determined at one-hour intervals differ by less than 0,02 mg/m3BS EN ISO 15234:2010ISO 15234:1999(E)ISO23.2air-replacement ratenthe number of air changes per hour in the t
23、est chamber, given byn=VtVtwhereVtis the volume, in cubic metres, of air passed through the test chamber during the test;t is the duration, in hours, of the test;V is the volume, in cubic metres, of the test chamber3.3relative specimen areaathe area of formaldehyde-emitting surface per unit volume o
24、f the test chamber, given, in square metres per cubicmetre (i.e. m1), bya=AVwhereA is the area of the specimen, in square metres (see annexes A and B);V is the volume, in cubic metres, of the test chamber3.4steady-state ration/athe ratio of the air-replacement rate n to the relative specimen area a,
25、 given, in metres per hour, byn/a =VtAtwhereVtis the volume, in cubic metres, of air passed through the test chamber during the test;t is the duration, in hours, of the test;A is the area, in square metres, of the specimen3.5formaldehyde concentrationcthe concentration, in milligrams per cubic metre
26、, of formaldehyde at a given steady-state ratio n/a over the periodof time concerned, given byc=mVtwherem is the mass, in milligrams, of formaldehyde;Vtis the volume, in cubic metres, of air passed through the test chamber during the testNOTE The value determined for c can be converted into ppm by d
27、ividing by the density of formaldehyde, i.e. by 1,22 g/l ata temperature of 23 C and an atmospheric pressure of 101,3 kPa.BS EN ISO 15234:2010ISOISO 15234:1999(E)34 PrincipleTest specimens are conditioned at (23 1) C and (50 3) % relative humidity and exposed under specifiedconditions in a small tes
28、t chamber (desiccator).The desiccator is set up in an air-conditioned room so that air from the room can be passed first through thedesiccator and then into a water trap where formaldehyde (HCHO) is absorbed. The water in the water trap ischanged at regular intervals, and the formaldehyde concentrat
29、ion c is determined photometrically by theacetylacetone method or another suitable method. The test is continued until the value measured for c no longerchanges (see 3.1). The equilibrium concentration ceqlin the air in the test chamber is then considered to beattained.5 Choice of method for determi
30、nation of formaldehydeThe acetylacetone method has been chosen as the preferred method. Other methods of determination, e.g. afluorimetric method, may be used instead of the photometric method with acetylacetone, provided they can beshown to give equivalent results. (See also annex C, clause C.7.)6
31、ApparatusOrdinary laboratory apparatus and glassware, together with the following:6.1 Air-conditioned room or similar facility, maintained at a temperature of (23 1) C and a relative humidity of(50 3) %.6.2 Apparatus (see figure 1) consisting of two gas-metering pumps, rate of pumping at least 100 l
32、/h, pressure head dependent on pressure requirements, bubble counter;1 000 ml bottle with modified wash-bottle insert; test chamber, volume 20 l, such as a desiccator, with lid containing a wire cage for the specimens; hygrometer; two 30 ml wash-bottles with Muenke fitting, or other suitable absorpt
33、ion vessels; 500 ml wash-bottle filled with silica gel to act as a drying tower; flowmeter, measuring range 0 l/h to 100 l/h; with fine-control valve; integrating flowmeter, operating range 1 l/h to 220 l/h.BS EN ISO 15234:2010ISO 15234:1999(E)ISO4Key1 Gas-metering pumps2 Bottle containing saturated
34、 calcium nitrate solution to bring the air to (50 2) % relative humidity3 Vent tube with bubble counter4 Test chamber5 Specimens6 Hygrometer7 Wash-bottles/absorption vessels8 Wash-bottle containing silica gel (drying tower)9 Valve10 Flowmeter11 Integrating flowmeterFigure 1 Apparatus (schematic diag
35、ram)If necessary, two bottles (2) may be connected in tandem. In this case, however, only the second bottle shall be fitted with avent tube (3).Checks shall be made to ensure that there are no leaks in the apparatus during the test.Connecting tubing shall be as short as possible.6.3 Spectrophotomete
36、r or filter photometer with a 412 nm filter.6.4 50 mm spectrophotometer cell.6.5 100 ml, 500 ml and 1 000 ml volumetric flasks.6.6 10 ml microburette.6.7 1 ml volumetric pipette.6.8 Water bath, capable of being maintained at (60 2) C.6.9 Analytical balance, capable of weighing to an accuracy of 0,1
37、mg.BS EN ISO 15234:2010ISOISO 15234:1999(E)57 ReagentsDuring the analysis, use only reagents of recognized analytical grade and only water of at least grade 3 purity asdefined in ISO 3696.7.1 Colour-developer solution.Weigh 75,0 g of ammonium acetate into a 500 ml volumetric flask and dissolve in wa
38、ter. Add 1,5 ml of concentratedacetic acid (96 % minimum) and 1,0 ml of acetylacetone. Make up to the mark with water and mix well.The solution is not stable. It may not be kept for more than 14 days at room temperature (temperature no higherthan 28 C).7.2 Formaldehyde, standard stock solution conta
39、ining about 1 g/l of formaldehyde.Weigh about 3 g of 30 % formaldehyde solution into a 100 ml beaker and dilute with water. Transfer the dilutedsolution into a 1 000 ml volumetric flask, make up to the mark with water and mix well.Determine the formaldehyde content of this solution as follows:To 20
40、ml of the formaldehyde stock solution add 25 ml of iodine solution c(I2) = 0,05 mol/l, corresponding to12,69 g/l of I2 and 10 ml of sodium hydroxide solution c(NaOH) = 1 mol/l, corresponding to 40,00 g/l of NaOH.After five minutes, add 11 ml of hydrochloric acid c(HCl) = 1 mol/l, corresponding to 36
41、,46 g/l of HCl and a fewdrops of starch solution (1 % soluble, Zulkovsky). Titrate the excess iodine solution with sodium thiosulfate solutionc(Na2S2O3) = 0,1 mol/l, corresponding to 15,81 g/l of Na2S2O3.Calculate the formaldehyde content using the following equation:wV(CH O)0,001 5 (25 ) 1 000202=w
42、herew(CH2O) is the formaldehyde content, in grams per litre, of the standard stock solution;V is the volume, in millilitres, of sodium thiosulfate solution used.7.3 Standard formaldehyde solution (8 mg/l formaldehyde).Run from the microburette (6.6) a volume of standard stock solution (7.2) containi
43、ng 8 mg of formaldehyde into a1 000 ml volumetric flask, make up to the mark with water and mix well.1 ml of this standard solution contains 8 g of formaldehyde.7.4 Saturated calcium nitrate solution, prepared by dissolving calcium nitrate tetrahydrate, Ca(NO3)2 4H2O,(reagent grade) in water.8 Prepa
44、ration of specimensThe required area A of the specimens can be calculated from the air-replacement rate n and the volume V of thetest chamber. For instance, if the number of air changes per hour is three (n = 3 h1) and the volume of the testchamber is 20 l, the specimen area required is 600 cm2. Thi
45、s corresponds to a steady-state ratio n/a of 1, which hasproved to be suitable for tests performed in accordance with this standard. For further details of the preparation ofspecimens: see annex A for paint coatings; see annex B for melamine foams.BS EN ISO 15234:2010ISO 15234:1999(E)ISO6Details of
46、the preparation of specimens made of other materials shall be the subject of agreement (see annex C).Condition the specimens at (23 1) C and (50 3) % relative humidity for 28 days (or as otherwise agreed) beforeuse (see annexes A and B).9 Procedure9.1 Number of determinationsCarry out at least three
47、 determinations in each case on fresh specimens of the same material.9.2 Treatment of specimens9.2.1 Method A (for formaldehyde concentrations 0,15 mg/m3)1)The procedure in this case is the same as that described in 9.2.1, except that the formaldehyde-absorbing wash-bottles are filled with 15 ml (wa
48、sh-bottle No. 1) and 10 ml (wash-bottle No. 2) of water.9.3 Determination of formaldehyde9.3.1 PrincipleFormaldehyde in aqueous solution reacts with ammonium ions and acetylacetone to yield diacetyldihydrolutidine(DDL) (Hantzsch reaction). The DDL thus formed has an absorption maximum at 412 nm.9.3.
49、2 Plotting the calibration curve9.3.2.1 Preparation of the calibration solutionsRun the volumes of standard formaldehyde solution (7.3) listed in table 1 from the microburette (6.6) into a series ofsix 100 ml volumetric flasks.1) See annex C.BS EN ISO 15234:2010ISOISO 15234:1999(E)7Table 1 Calibration solutionsCalibration solutionVolume of standardformaldehyde solution (7.3)Formaldehyde concentrationin the calibration solutionNo. ml g/100 ml01)1234500,5125
