1、BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06Radiological protection Monitoring and internal dosimetry for specific materialsPart 1: Inhalation of uranium compounds BS EN ISO 16638-1:2017EUROPEANSTANDARDNORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 16638-1 October 2017ICS
2、 17.240EnglishVersionRadiological protection - Monitoring and internal dosimetry for specific materials - Part 1: Inhalation ofuranium compounds (ISO 16638-1:2015)Radioprotection - Contrle et dosimtrie interne deslments spcifiques- Partie 1:Inhalation de compossduranium (ISO 16638-1:2015)This Europe
3、an Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving thisEuropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration.Up-to-date lists and bibliographical referencesconc
4、erning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made bytranslation under the responsibility of a CEN member int
5、o its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC ManagementCentre has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the nationalstandards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germa
6、ny, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITE
7、E FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CENnational Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 16638-1:2017 ENational forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 166381:2017.
8、 It is identical to ISO 166381:2015. It supersedes BS ISO 166381:2015, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee NCE/2, Radiation protection and measurement.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its s
9、ecretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2018 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2018ISBN 978 0 580 96938 6ICS 17.240Compliance with a British Standard cannot
10、 confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 January 2018.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 January 2018 This corrigendum renumbers BS ISO 166381:2015 as BS EN ISO
11、 166381:2017BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 166381:2017EUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 16638-1 October 2017 ICS 17.240 English Version Radiological protection - Monitoring and internal dosimetry for specific materials - Part 1: Inhalation of uranium compounds (ISO 16638-1:2015) Ra
12、dioprotection - Contrle et dosimtrie interne des lments spcifiques - Partie 1: Inhalation de compossduranium (ISO 16638-1:2015) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 13 September 2017. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions fo
13、r giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in thre
14、e official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bod
15、ies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slo
16、venia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserve
17、d worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 16638-1:2017 EBS EN ISO 166381:2017EN ISO 16638-1:2017 (E) 3 European foreword The text of ISO 16638-1:2015 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 85 “Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” of the Internationa
18、l Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 16638-1:2017 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 430 “Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national stan
19、dard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by April 2018, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2018. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CE
20、N shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic
21、, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.
22、Endorsement notice The text of ISO 16638-1:2015 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 16638-1:2017 without any modification. BS EN ISO 166381:2017ISO 16638-1:2015(E)Foreword vIntroduction vi1 Scope . 12 Normative references 23 Terms and definitions . 24 Symbols and abbreviated terms . 64.1 Symbols . 64
23、.2 Abbreviated terms . 75 Purpose and need for monitoring programmes 76 General aspects .106.1 Radiological aspects 106.2 Chemical toxicity 117 Reference levels for uranium .127.1 Radiological aspects 127.2 Chemical toxicity 157.2.1 General. 157.2.2 Exposure limits 157.3 Application of reference lev
24、els . 168 Routine monitoring programmes 168.1 General 168.2 Workplace monitoring . 168.3 Individual monitoring 178.3.1 General. 178.3.2 Dosimetric and radiation . 178.3.3 Chemical hazard 178.4 Methods and monitoring intervals . 188.4.1 General. 188.4.2 Time intervals for toxicological risk.188.4.3 T
25、ime intervals for radiotoxicological risk .188.4.4 Principles and assumptions 199 Special monitoring programmes 199.1 Workplace monitoring . 199.2 Individual monitoring 209.2.1 Recommended monitoring for toxicological risk .209.2.2 Recommended monitoring and period for radiotoxicological risk .2010
26、Task-related monitoring programmes .2110.1 Workplace monitoring . 2110.2 Individual monitoring 2111 Performance criteria for laboratories 2111.1 General 2111.2 Critical values 2211.3 Reference values . 2211.4 Performance criteria for workplace monitoring 2312 Quality assurance and quality control fo
27、r bioassay laboratories 2313 Procedure for the assessment of exposures .2413.1 General 2413.2 Assessment of workplace monitoring data . 2413.3 Assessment of individual monitoring data 2513.4 Properties of a software tool 25 ISO 2015 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 166381:2017ISO 16638-
28、1:2015(E)13.5 Uncertainties . 2513.6 Quality assurance of the assessment process . 2614 Reporting and documentation 2714.1 Reporting results for in vitro measurements . 2714.2 Reporting results for in vivo measurements. 2714.3 Documentation of the dose assessment . 28Annex A (informative) Nuclear da
29、ta of U-238 and U-235 decay .29Annex B (informative) Default classification of uranium compounds .30Annex C (informative) Measurement techniques for uranium 31Annex D (informative) Committed effective dose per unit intake for uranium compounds .35Annex E (informative) Estimation of uncertainties for
30、 internal dose assessments .36Bibliography .40iv ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 166381:2017ISO 16638-1:2015(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standa
31、rds is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also tak
32、e part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In par
33、ticular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of
34、this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see w
35、ww.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to t
36、he WTO principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: Foreword - Supplementary informationThe committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 85, Nuclear energy, nuclear technologies, and radiological protection, Subcommittee SC 2, Radiological protection. ISO 2015 All
37、rights reserved vBS EN ISO 166381:2017ISO 16638-1:2015(E)IntroductionIn the course of employment, individuals may work with radioactive materials that, under certain circumstances, could be taken into the body. Protecting workers against the risks of incorporated radionuclides requires monitoring po
38、tential intakes and/or quantifying actual intakes and exposures. The doses resulting from internal radiation exposure arising from contamination by radioactive substances cannot be measured directly. Decisions have to be made regarding which methods, techniques, frequencies, etc., to select in order
39、 to measure and assess these doses. The criteria for determining the design of a monitoring programme, i.e. its requirements, methods and schedule, usually depends on legislation, the purpose of the overall radiation protection programme, the probabilities of potential radionuclide intakes and the c
40、haracteristics of the materials handled.For these reasons, three International Standards addressing monitoring programmes (ISO 20553:2006), laboratory requirements (ISO 28218:2010) and dose assessments (ISO 27048:2011) have been developed and can be applied in a straightforward manner to many radion
41、uclides. However, for a number of specific materials, the practical application of these International Standards is complex and further guidance may be required, e.g. for accreditation purposes.This International Standard has been developed to address the specific issue of monitoring and internal do
42、simetry for inhalation of uranium compounds, which reflects the growing interest in nuclear energy production and the associated increase in uranium mining and fuel production, the large variation of isotopic compositions of the uranium compounds that may be encountered in the workplace, and the imp
43、ortance of taking into account both the chemical and the radiological risks arising from exposures to uranium.It contributes to harmonizing the practices in the monitoring of occupationally exposed persons while remaining complementary to ISO 20553:2006, ISO 28218:2010 and ISO 27048:2011.This Intern
44、ational Standard describes the need for a monitoring and internal dosimetry programme for the different compounds of uranium and offers guidance on its design. Its development has taken into account recommendations from international expert bodies and persons with international experience of the pra
45、ctical application of its recommendations in radiological protection programmes. Its application facilitates the exchanges of information between authorities, supervisory institutions and employers. vi ISO 2015 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 166381:2017Radiological protection Monitoring and internal d
46、osimetry for specific materials Part 1: Inhalation of uranium compounds 1 ScopeThis International Standard specifies the minimum requirements for the design of professional programmes to monitor workers exposed to uranium compounds. It establishes principles for the development of compatible goals a
47、nd requirements for monitoring programmes and dose assessment for workers occupationally exposed to internal contamination. It establishes procedures and assumptions for risk analysis, monitoring programmes and the standardised interpretation of monitoring data in order to achieve acceptable levels
48、of reliability for uranium and its compounds. It sets limits for the applicability of the procedures in respect to dose levels above which more sophisticated methods have to be applied.Uranium is both radiologically and chemically toxic. Hence, the scientific bases of current occupational exposure s
49、tandards are reviewed in addition to radiation exposure limits. This International Standard addresses those circumstances when exposure could be constrained by either radiological or chemical toxicity concerns.This International Standard addresses, for uranium and its compounds, the following items:a) purposes of monitoring and monitoring programmes;b) description of the different categories of monitoring programmes;c) quantitative criteria for conducting monitoring programmes;d) suitable methods for monitoring and criteria for
