1、BS EN ISO20182:2008ICS 81.080NO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBRITISH STANDARDRefractory test-piece preparation Gunning refractorypanels by thepneumatic-nozzlemixing type guns (ISO20182:2008)This British Standardwas published underthe authority of theStandards Po
2、licy andStrategy Committee on 30September 2009 BSI 2009ISBN 978 0 580 57348 4Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate CommentsBS EN ISO 20182:2008National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 20182:2008.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Te
3、chnicalCommittee RPI/1, Refractory products and materials.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisionsof a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application.Complia
4、nce with a British Standard cannot confer immunityfrom legal obligations.EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 20182January 2008ICS 81.080English VersionRefractory test-piece preparation - Gunning refractory panels bythe pneumatic-nozzle mixing type guns (ISO 20182:2008)Prparation dp
5、rouvettes rfractaires - Panneauxrfractaires pour gunitage au pistolet mlangeurpneumatique (ISO 20182:2008)Probenvorbereitung feuerfester Erzeugnisse -Probenvorbereitung feuerfester Spritzmassen mittelspneumatischer Spritzmaschinen (ISO 20182:2008)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 12 Janu
6、ary 2008.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtain
7、ed on application to the CEN Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN Management
8、 Centre has the same status as theofficial versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland,France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Pol
9、and, Portugal,Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2008 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any
10、 means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 20182:2008: EBS EN ISO 20182:2008EN ISO 20182:2008 (E) 3 Foreword This document (EN ISO 20182:2008) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33 “Refractories“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 187 “Refractory pro
11、ducts and materials“, the secretariat of which is held by BSI. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2008, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by Jul
12、y 2008. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards orga
13、nizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, R
14、omania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 20182:2008 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 20182:2008 without any modification. BS EN ISO 20182:2008ISO 20182:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Sco
15、pe 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions .1 4 Principle2 5 Precision.2 6 Apparatus .2 7 Sampling.3 8 Procedure .3 9 Test report 5 Annex A (informative) Determination of total water content and rebound .6 BS EN ISO 20182:2008ISO 20182:2008(E) iv ISO 2008 All rights reservedForeword ISO (
16、the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical commi
17、ttee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotec
18、hnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the membe
19、r bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifyin
20、g any or all such patent rights. ISO 20182 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 33, Refractories in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 187, Rerfractory products and materials. This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 20182:2005), which has been technically rev
21、ised as follows: in 6.5, two acceptable support plates are now specified; in Clause 8, pH determination has been added in place of water hardness testing and predamping percentages are now given for both dense and insulating castables; in Clause 9 test report item c), the water pH, if determined, re
22、places the water hardness; in Clause 9 test report item d), by agreement between the interested parties, the total water content and rebound are measured and recorded. Annex A has been added, giving procedures for the determination of the total water content and rebound. BS EN ISO 20182:2008INTERNAT
23、IONAL STANDARD ISO 20182:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 1Refractory test-piece preparation Gunning refractory panels by the pneumatic-nozzle mixing type guns WARNING This International Standard may involve the use of hazardous materials, operations and equipment. It does not attempt to address
24、 the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this International Standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices, and to determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1 Scope This International Standard describes the procedu
25、re for the preparation of test panels from refractory materials by gunning through pneumatic-nozzle mixing type guns at ambient temperatures. NOTE The values obtained from test pieces cut from the panel prepared using this method might not correspond with those obtained from test pieces of the same
26、material prepared at a gunning installation site. This International Standard does not apply to plastic gunning mixes, and might not apply to those mixes that contain aggregates that are susceptible to hydration. It also does not apply to shotcrete type mixes. 2 Normative references The following re
27、ferenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 836, Refractories Vocabulary ISO 8656-1, Refractory products
28、Sampling of raw materials and unshaped products Part 1: Sampling scheme 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 836 and the following apply. 3.1 gun assembly essentially comprising a chamber into which the refractory is added, together with a
29、 mechanism that controls the flow of the material through the unit NOTE Depending on the type used, the gun may be open at the top, or a closed pressurized unit may be used. 3.2 rebound material material that fails to adhere to the surface when being sprayed, and ricochets out of the immediate area
30、BS EN ISO 20182:2008ISO 20182:2008(E) 2 ISO 2008 All rights reserved4 Principle Refractory material is conveyed pneumatically in either a dry or predampened form to the test site, using equipment of the nozzle mixing type. Then water is introduced to the refractory mix at the nozzle and the mixture
31、is projected onto a support plate (see 6.5). 5 Precision Differences between various types of equipment and in operator techniques may result in variations in the physical properties of the gunned specimens. For referee testing, it is desirable that the same operator should use the same equipment to
32、 produce test specimens. 6 Apparatus 6.1 Gun, of the pneumatic-nozzle mixing type. 6.2 Air compressor, capable of supplying a steady airflow at the required pressure and volume. 6.3 Mixer, for use when predamping is carried out. The mixer shall be capable of producing a homogeneous mixture of the ma
33、terial to be tested. 6.4 Hose/nozzle assembly, comprising a reinforced pneumatic hose and a nozzle assembly suitable for the material being gunned. 6.5 Gunned-material support plate, flat, capable of producing a panel having minimum usable dimensions of 280 mm 280 mm 100 mm thickness that is suitabl
34、e for the tests intended to be carried out, after allowance for any material to be cut off as described in Clause 8. The preferred support plate has ledges at both sides and the top edge. An example of the preferred support plate is given in Figure 1a). An alternative support plate may be used, 300
35、mm to 500 mm in length, and having a bottom support edge 100 mm in width and of the same overall length as the support plate. An example of the alternative support plate is given in Figure 1b). The support plate may be made of wood or steel and shall not flex during use. The support plate may be lar
36、ger than the minimum panel size, to allow the edges to be removed from the gunned panel, for example, to remove trapped rebound material at the bottom, and other edge effects. Interested parties shall agree which type of panel is used. The test report shall state the dimensions of the gunned-materia
37、l support plate and panel produced, and the type of panel used. 6.6 Air pressure gauge, capable of measuring pressures up to 690 kPa, plus or minus 5 % at all pressures. 6.7 Water-measuring device, for use if predamping is carried out, capable of measuring the water quantity to the nearest 5 %. 6.8
38、Water-pressure gauge, capable of measuring pressures up to at least 50 kPa greater than the pressure in the supply lines being used and within plus or minus 5 % at all pressures. 6.9 Miscellaneous tools, including a trowel and a shovel. 6.10 Thermometer, capable of being read to the nearest 1 C. BS
39、EN ISO 20182:2008ISO 20182:2008(E) ISO 2008 All rights reserved 3Dimensions in millimetres a) Preferred gunned-material support plate b) Alternative gunned-material support plate Figure 1 Examples of gunned-material support plates 7 Sampling Take the sample for preparation of a test panel in accorda
40、nce with established sampling principles, such as those given in ISO 8656-1. The additional volume of material required for sample preparation will depend on the amount left in the apparatus after the gunning operation, the amount of rebound material and the amount required to stabilize the gun. The
41、 mass of material required will depend on the total volume and the bulk density of the material. Only full bags of the material to be tested shall be selected and their entire contents shall be used. 8 Procedure Using Table 1 as a guide, choose the hose diameter appropriate to the particular refract
42、ory mix being gunned. Table 1 Feed systems Maximum aggregate size in mix mm Internal diameter of hose mm 8 5 the largest aggregate sizes The nozzle and the gun are usually held at the same elevation. If this is not the case, record the difference to the nearest metre. The water pressure should be gr
43、eater than 150 kPa above the gunning pressure at the nozzle, possibly requiring the use of a water pump. The watering and nozzle extension will be different for dense and lightweight materials. Determine the pH of the water used for predampening and gunning using litmus paper or a pH meter. If measu
44、red, record the pH and method used in the test report (Clause 9). BS EN ISO 20182:2008ISO 20182:2008(E) 4 ISO 2008 All rights reservedRecord the ambient temperature and the temperature of the refractory material to the nearest 1 C. Predampen the material in the mixer with the amount of water recomme
45、nded by the manufacturer, ensuring that the material is used within 20 min of predamping. If there is no recommendation made by the manufacturer then, if necessary, predampen the material in the range 2 % to 5 % by mass for dense castables, and 5 % to 12 % by mass for insulating castables. Avoid sto
46、ppage in the gun, hose and/or nozzle caused by predampening. Where necessary, to prevent sticking, apply a plate-release agent, such as light oil or grease, to the support plate. Place the support plate against a rigid surface, typically at an angle of 60 to 80 to the horizontal. Record the angle of
47、 inclination and include it in the test report. Using the minimum amount of water that allows the refractory to adhere to the sprayed surface, adjust the air pressure until the material flows freely from the nozzle. This operation should be performed remote from the support plate. NOTE 1 The air pre
48、ssure is dependent on whether the material gunned is dense or insulating. Holding the nozzle at right angles to the work area and typically 0,5 m to 1 m from it, spray in a circular motion over the full width of the test plate, starting at the bottom of the support plate and working upward, being ca
49、reful not to entrap rebound material. Continue until the panels thickness is such that test pieces of the desired size can be cut from the panel, so that all gunned edges are removed in the cutting process. Interested parties shall agree whether the top surface and edges may be trimmed. The surface shall not be trowelled to obtain a sleek finish. If a determination of water content is required, take sufficient gunned material, typically 500 g, which is not rebound material. To minimize moisture loss, either enclose the p
