1、 g49g50g3g38g50g51g60g44g49g42g3g58g44g55g43g50g56g55g3g37g54g44g3g51g40g53g48g44g54g54g44g50g49g3g40g59g38g40g51g55g3g36g54g3g51g40g53g48g44g55g55g40g39g3g37g60g3g38g50g51g60g53g44g42g43g55g3g47g36g58disintegration of plastic materials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale tes
2、tThe European Standard EN ISO 20200:2005 has the status of a British StandardICS 83.080.01Plastics Determination of the degree of BRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 20200:2005BS EN ISO 20200:2005This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 17 Novem
3、ber 2005 BSI 17 November 2005ISBN 0 580 46569 1The British Standards which implement international or European publications referred to in this document may be found in the BSI Catalogue under the section entitled “International Standards Correspondence Index”, or by using the “Search” facility of t
4、he BSI Electronic Catalogue or of British Standards Online.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. Compliance with a British Standard does not of itself confer immunity from legal obligations.Summary
5、of pagesThis document comprises a front cover, an inside front cover, the EN ISO title page, the EN ISO foreword page, the ISO title page, pages ii to v, a blank page, pages 1 to 8, an inside back cover and a back cover.The BSI copyright notice displayed in this document indicates when the document
6、was last issued.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date CommentsA list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.Cross-referencesenquiries on the interpretation, or proposals for change, and keep UK interests informed; monitor related interna
7、tional and European developments and promulgate them in the UK.National forewordThis British Standard is the official English language version of EN ISO 20200:2005. It is identical with ISO 20200:2004.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee PRI/21, Testing of pla
8、stics, which has the responsibility to: aid enquirers to understand the text; present to the responsible international/European committee any EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 20200July 2005ICS 83.080.01English VersionPlastics - Determination of the degree of disintegration of pl
9、asticmaterials under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test (ISO 20200:2004)Plastiques - Dtermination du degr de dsintgration dematriaux plastiques dans des conditions de compostagesimules lors dun essai de laboratoire (ISO 20200:2004)Kunststoffe - Bestimmung des Zersetzungsgrade
10、s vonKunststoffmaterialien unter nachgebildetenKompostierungsbedingungen mittels einer Prfung imLabormastab (ISO 20200:2004)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 July 2005.CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving th
11、is EuropeanStandard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such nationalstandards may be obtained on application to the Central Secretariat or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (Eng
12、lish, French, German). A version in any other language made by translationunder the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the Central Secretariat has the same status as the officialversions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czec
13、h Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France,Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia,Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingdom.EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMAL
14、ISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGManagement Centre: rue de Stassart, 36 B-1050 Brussels 2005 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reservedworldwide for CEN national Members.Ref. No. EN ISO 20200:2005: EForeword The text of ISO 20200:2004 has been prepared by Technical Comm
15、ittee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 20200:2005 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics“, the secretariat of which is held by IBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either b
16、y publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by January 2006, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by January 2006. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to im
17、plement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland and United Kingd
18、om. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 20200:2004 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 20200:2005 without any modifications. EN ISO 20200:2005Reference numberISO 20200:2004(E)INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO20200First edition2004-05-01Plastics Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materia
19、ls under simulated composting conditions in a laboratory-scale test Plastiques valuation du degr de dsintgration de matriaux plastiques dans des conditions de compostage simules lors dun essai de laboratoire EN ISO 20200:2005ii iiiContents Page Foreword iv Introduction v 1 Scope 1 2 Normative refere
20、nces . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principle . 2 5 Synthetic solid waste 2 6 Composting reactor 3 7 Procedure. 3 8 Monitoring the composting process. 5 9 Diagnostic parameters . 5 10 Termination of the test and measurement of the degree of disintegration 6 11 Calculation of degree of disintegrati
21、on 6 12 Expression of results 6 13 Validity of the test . 7 14 Test report 7 EN ISO 20200:2005iv Foreword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally car
22、ried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work.
23、 ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare Interna
24、tional Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the
25、elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 20200 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties. EN ISO 20200:2005vIntroduction The test
26、method described in this International Standard determines the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a composting environment. The method is simple and inexpensive, does not require special bioreactors and is scaled for use in any general-purpose laboratory. It requires the u
27、se of a standard and homogeneous synthetic solid waste. The synthetic waste components are dry, clean, safe products which can be stored in the laboratory without any odour or health problems. The synthetic waste is of constant composition and devoid of any undesired plastic material which could be
28、erroneously identified as test material at the end of testing, altering the final evaluation. The bioreactors are small, as is the amount of synthetic waste to be composted (approximately 3 l). With the limited amount of test material, this method provides a simplified test procedure. This test meth
29、od is not aimed at determining the biodegradability of plastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing will be necessary before being able to claim compostability. EN ISO 20200:2005blank1Plastics Determination of the degree of disintegration of plastic materials under simulated compos
30、ting conditions in a laboratory-scale test 1 Scope This International Standard specifies a method of determining the degree of disintegration of plastic materials when exposed to a laboratory-scale composting environment. The method is not applicable to the determination of the biodegradability of p
31、lastic materials under composting conditions. Further testing is necessary to be able to claim compostability. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated reference
32、s, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 3310-1:2000, Test sieves Technical requirements and testing Part 1: Test sieves of metal wire cloth 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. 3.1 compo
33、st organic soil conditioner obtained by biodegradation of a mixture consisting principally of vegetable residues, occasionally with other organic material and having a limited mineral content 3.2 compostability ability of a material to be biodegraded in a composting process NOTE To claim compostabil
34、ity it must have been demonstrated that a material can be biodegraded and disintegrated in a composting system (as can be shown by standard test methods) and completes its biodegradation during the end-use of the compost. The compost must meet the relevant quality criteria. Quality criteria are e.g.
35、 low heavy-metal content, no ecotoxicity, no obviously distinguishable residues. 3.3 composting aerobic process designed to produce compost 3.4 disintegration physical breakdown of a material into very small fragments EN ISO 20200:20052 3.5 dry mass mass of a sample measured after drying NOTE Dry ma
36、ss is expressed as a percentage of the mass of the wet sample. 3.6 mesophilic incubation period incubation at 25 C to allow the development of microorganisms growing at room temperature 3.7 thermophilic incubation period incubation at 58 C to allow the development of microorganisms growing at high t
37、emperature 3.8 total dry solids amount of solids obtained by taking a known volume of test material or compost and drying at about 105 C to constant mass 3.9 volatile solids amount of solids obtained by subtracting the residue obtained from a known volume of test material or compost after incinerati
38、on at about 550 C from the total dry solids content of the same sample NOTE The volatile-solids content is an indication of the amount of organic matter present. 4 Principle The method determines the degree of disintegration of test materials on a laboratory scale under conditions simulating an inte
39、nsive aerobic composting process. The solid matrix used consists of a synthetic solid waste inoculated with mature compost taken from a commercial composting plant. Pieces of the plastic test material are composted with this prepared solid matrix. The degree of disintegration is determined after a c
40、omposting cycle, by sieving the final matrix through a 2 mm sieve in order to recover the non-disintegrated residues. The reduction in mass of the test sample is considered as disintegrated material and used to calculate the degree of disintegration. 5 Synthetic solid waste The composition of the sy
41、nthetic waste used in this method is described in Table 1. Well aerated compost from a commercial aerobic composting plant shall be used as the inoculum. The compost inoculum shall be homogeneous and free from large inert objects such as glass, stones or pieces of metal. Remove any such objects manu
42、ally and then sieve the compost on a screen of mesh aperture between 0,5 cm and 1 cm. It is recommended that compost from a plant composting the organic fraction of solid municipal waste be used in order to ensure sufficient diversity of microorganisms. If such a compost is not available, then compo
43、st from plants treating farmyard waste or mixtures of garden waste and solid municipal waste may be used. The compost shall not be older than 4 months. Prepare the synthetic waste manually by mixing the different components listed in Table 1. The allowed tolerance on the mass measurements of the syn
44、thetic waste components, water included, is 5 %. Add chlorine-free tap water, or de-ionized or distilled water, to the mixture to adjust its final water content to 55 % in total. Perform this operation just before start-up. The synthetic waste shall have a carbon:nitrogen (C/N) ratio of between 20:1
45、 and 40:1. The urea concentration can be changed to adjust the C/N ratio to the required range. In this case, the concentration of the other components shall be adjusted proportionately in order to bring the total dry mass of the solid waste to 100 %. EN ISO 20200:20053Table 1 Composition of synthet
46、ic solid waste Material Dry mass % Sawdust 40 Rabbit-feed 30 Ripe compost 10 Corn starch 10 Saccharose 5 Cornseed oil 4 Urea 1 Total 100 NOTE 1 Sawdust from untreated wood shall be used. It is preferable to use wood from deciduous trees. Sawdust shall be sieved through a 5 mm sieve before use. NOTE
47、2 The rabbit-feed shall be a commercial product based on alfalfa (lucerne) (Medicago sativa) and vegetable meal. If a product with a different composition is used, the composition shall be given in the test report. The protein content of the rabbit-feed shall be approximately 15 % and the cellulose
48、content approximately 20 %. 6 Composting reactor The preferred composting reactor is a box made of polypropylene or other suitable material, having the following dimensions: 30 cm 20 cm 10 cm (l, w, h). The box shall be covered with a lid assuring a tight seal to avoid excessive evaporation. Additio
49、nally, any gap between box and lid may be sealed with adhesive tape. In the middle of the two 20 cm wide sides, a hole of 5 mm diameter shall be made approximately 6,5 cm from the bottom of the box. These two holes provide gas exchange between the inner atmosphere and the outside environment and shall not be blocked. Other containers with a volume between 5 l and 20 l may also be used, provided that it can be verified that no unfavourable anaerobic conditions are generated. The container shall be closed i
