1、Non-destructive testing Leak testing VocabularyBS EN ISO 20484:2017BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06National forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO 20484:2017. It is identical to ISO 20484:2017. It supersedes BS EN 1330-8:1998
2、, which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical Committee WEE/46, Non-destructive testing.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provision
3、s of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2017 Published by BSI Standards Limited 2017ISBN 978 0 580 91689 2ICS 19.100; 01.040.19Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity from legal obligations. This British Standard was pub
4、lished under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 30 June 2017.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affectedBRITISH STANDARDBS EN ISO 20484:2017EUROPEAN STANDARDNORME EUROPENNEEUROPISCHE NORMEN ISO 20484April 2017ICS 01.040.19; 19.100 Supersedes EN 1330-
5、8:1998EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATIONCOMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATIONEUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNGCEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2017 CEN Ref. No. EN ISO 20484:2017: EAll rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national M
6、embersNon-destructive testing - Leak testing - Vocabulary (ISO 20484:2017)Essais non-destructifs - Contrle dtanchit - Vocabulaire (ISO 20484:2017)Zerstrungsfreie Prfung - Dichtheitsprfung - Begriffe (ISO 20484:2017)This European Standard was approved by CEN on 5 February 2017.CEN members are bound t
7、o comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-C
8、ENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member.This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has t
9、he same status as the official versions.CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxemb
10、ourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.English VersionEN ISO 20484:2017 (E)European forewordThis document (EN ISO 20484:2017) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 135 “Non-destructive t
11、esting“ in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 138 “Non-destructive testing” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR.This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by October 2017, and c
12、onflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by October 2017.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.This doc
13、ument supersedes EN 1330-8:1998.According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Re
14、public of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom.iiBS EN ISO 20484:2017ISO 20484:2017(E)Foreword
15、ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 13.1 Atomic/molecular structure . 13.2 Pressure and vacuum 13.3 Gas-solid interaction 14 Terms relating to gas 24.1 Properties of gases. 24.2 Flow of gas 25 Terms relating to test techniques . 45.1 Test techniques . 45.2 Te
16、st equipment . 55.3 Test equipment components. 66 Terms relating to test procedure . 76.1 Preparation/calibration 76.2 Test techniques . 86.3 Performance limits 8 ISO 2017 All rights reserved iiiContents PageBS EN ISO 20484:2017ISO 20484:2017(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standar
17、dization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to
18、 be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used
19、 to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of
20、 the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified
21、during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is information given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the
22、voluntary nature of standards, the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Barriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.htm
23、l ISO 20484 was prepared by the European Committee Standardization (CEN) Technical Committee CEN/TC 138, Leak testing, in collaboration with ISO Technical Committee TC 135, Non-destructive testing, Subcommittee SC 6, Leak testing, in accordance with the agreement on technical cooperation between ISO
24、 and CEN (Vienna Agreement).This document is based on and replaces the European standard EN 1330-8:1998, Non-destructive testing Terminology Part 8: Terms used in leak tightness testing.iv ISO 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 20484:2017ISO 20484:2017(E)IntroductionThe series of European standards,
25、EN 1330, comprises 10 parts prepared separately by groups of experts, each group consisting of experts in a given NDT (non-destructive testing) method (for EN 1330-3 to EN 1330-10).A comparative examination of these parts has shown the existence of common terms that are often defined differently. Th
26、ese terms have been taken from EN 1330-3 to EN 1330-10 and then split into two categories: general terms corresponding to other fields such as physics, electricity, metrology, etc. and already defined in international documents; these terms are the subject of EN 1330-1; common terms specific to NDT;
27、 these terms, the definitions of which have been harmonized in an Ad Hoc group, are the subject of EN 1330-2.In view of the nature of the approach taken, the list of terms in EN 1330-1 and EN 1330-2 are in no way exhaustive.EN 1330 consists of the following parts: Part 1: General terms Part 2: Terms
28、 common to the non-destructive testing methods Part 3: Terms used in industrial radiographic testing Part 4: Terms used in ultrasonic testing Part 7: Terms used in magnetic particle testing Part 9: Terms used in acoustic emission Part 10: Terms used in visual examination NOTE 1 ISO 12718 replaced EN
29、 13305.NOTE 2 ISO 12706 was published formerly as the draft European standard prEN 13306. ISO 2017 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 20484:2017This page deliberately left blankNon-destructive testing Leak testing Vocabulary1 ScopeThis document defines the terms used in leak testing.2 Normative referenc
30、esThere are no normative references in this document.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.ISO and IEC maintain terminological databases for use in standardization at the following addresses: ISO Online browsing platform: available at htt
31、p:/www.iso.org/obp IEC Electropedia: available at http:/www.electropedia.org/ 3.1 Atomic/molecular structure3.1.1concentrationc ratio of the number of atoms or molecules of a given constituent in a gas mixture to the total number of atoms or molecules in the mixtureNote 1 to entry: For ideal gases,
32、this is equivalent to the ratio of the partial pressure to the total pressure.Note 2 to entry: In other cases, the concentration is considered as mole fraction and the symbol used is n B.3.1.2ionization potentialminimum energy, expressed in electronvolts, required to remove an electron from an atom
33、or molecule or ion to form a positive ion3.2 Pressure and vacuum3.2.1atmospheric pressurepressure of the atmosphere at a specified place and time3.2.2partial pressurep A, p Bpressure that would be exerted by a gas or vapour if it alone was present in an enclosure3.3 Gas-solid interaction3.3.1getteri
34、ngremoval of a gas by permanent binding in or on a solid, usually involving chemical reactionINTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 20484:2017(E) ISO 2017 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 20484:2017ISO 20484:2017(E)3.3.2occlusion of gastrapping of undissolved gas in a solid during solidification3.3.3permeationmec
35、hanism of adsorption/solution/diffusion/desorption in a solid material that allows a substance to pass through under a partial pressure difference3.3.4permeability coefficientP permcoefficient, dependent on temperature, characterizing the conductance (4.2.1) of a material for the permeation (3.3.3)
36、of a given substance4 Terms relating to gas4.1 Properties of gases4.1.1ideal gasperfect gasgas obeying the relationship pV = nRT, where n = m/Mwherep is the pressure;V is the volume;m is the mass of the gas;M is the molecular mass;R is the ideal gas constant;T is the absolute temperature.4.2 Flow of
37、 gas4.2.1conductanceC throughput divided by the difference in mean pressures prevailing at two specified cross-sections or at either sides of the duct or orifice, assuming isothermal conditionsNote 1 to entry: Applies to fluid flow in a duct, or part of a duct, or a constriction.4.2.2flow rateq M, q
38、 N, q rate at which an amount of mass, a number of particles or moles pass through a given cross section of the systemNote 1 to entry: Mass: q M, Particles: q N, Molar: q .Note 2 to entry: For gases, the volume flow rate (Volume: symbol q v) is a measure of quantity only at specified conditions.2 IS
39、O 2017 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 20484:2017ISO 20484:2017(E)4.2.3pV-throughputq Grate at which a volume of gas at specified pressure passes a given cross section of the systemNote 1 to entry: In leak detection, pV-throughput is used to express the flow rate of gas. The temperature and molar weigh
40、t or density are given additionally so that the flow rate can be calculated using the gas equation.4.2.4resistance to floww reciprocal of conductance (flow)4.2.5dynamic viscosity coefficient coefficient, dependent on temperature, that defines the resistance of a specified fluid to the motion, due to
41、 the molecular interactions4.3 Gas leakage 4.3.1leakhole, porosity, permeable element or other structure in the wall of an object allowing gas to pass from one side of the wall to the other by the effect of pressure- or concentration-difference across the wall4.3.2conductance leakleak which consists
42、 of one or more discrete passages, including porous areas, through which a fluid may flow4.3.3orifice leakconductance leak (4.3.2) having a diameter much greater than the leakage path lengthNote 1 to entry: It may also be considered as an opening in a very thin wall.4.3.4capillary leakconductance le
43、ak (4.3.2) in which the diameter is small compared to the length4.3.5leakage ratepV-throughput of a specific fluid which passes through a leak under specific conditions4.3.6leaktight objectobject with a leakage rate lower than that stated in a specification4.3.7molecular leakleak of such geometric c
44、onfiguration and under such pressure conditions that gas flowing through it obeys the laws of molecular flow ISO 2017 All rights reserved 3BS EN ISO 20484:2017ISO 20484:2017(E)4.3.8standard leakage rateleakage rate of a leak with stated standard temperature and pressure at one end and, at the other
45、end, a pressure low enough to have a negligible effect on the leakage rateNote 1 to entry: Different standard pressure- and temperature conditions are used e.g. standard temperature and pressure (STP), standard ambient temperature and pressure (SATP).4.3.9permeation leakleak which permits a gas to f
46、low through a non-porous wall4.3.10total leakage rateintegral leakage ratesum of all leakage rates from all leaks of an object, expressed as a pV-throughput4.3.11virtual leakapparent (not real) leak, caused by mechanisms generating a signal equivalent to a leakage rate signalNote 1 to entry: Such me
47、chanisms can be due to, for example, temperature and volume effects or slow release of sorbed or occluded gases from surfaces or from the bulk of the material.4.3.12viscous leakleak of such geometric configuration and under such pressure conditions that gas flowing through it obeys the laws of visco
48、us flow5 Terms relating to test techniques5.1 Test techniques5.1.1accumulation testleakage test where a tracer gas is collected in a known volume over a specified period of time and the partial pressure (3.2.2) increase of the tracer gas is measuredNote 1 to entry: The leakage rate can be obtained b
49、y calibrating the partial pressure rise with that due to a known leak or comparing the measured concentration (3.1.1) with a known concentration.5.1.2carrier gas testflushing testleakage test in which a viscous gas flow is created along the outer surface of the test object in a chamber to carry escaping tracer gas to the sensor5.1.3vacuum tracer gas testleakage test in which tracer gas is detected in a space where the tracer gas atoms move freely to the sensorNote 1 to entry: Each tracer gas species moves with its
