1、BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016Cryogenic vessels Toughnessr e q u i r e m e n t s f o r m a t e r i a l s a tcryogenic temperaturePart 1: Temperatures below -80 C(ISO 21028-1:2016)BSI Standards PublicationWB11885_BSI_StandardCovs_2013_AW.indd 1 15/05/2013 15:06BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016 BRITISH STANDARDNational
2、forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO21028-1:2016. It supersedes BS EN 1252-1:1998 which is withdrawn.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PVE/18, Cryogenic vessels.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained
3、on request to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2016.Published by BSI Standards Limited 2016ISBN 978 0 580 83703 6ICS 23.020.40Compliance with a Bri
4、tish Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2016.Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE N
5、ORM EN ISO 21028-1 October 2016 ICS 23.020.40 Supersedes EN 1252-1:1998 English Version Cryogenic vessels - Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature - Part 1: Temperatures below -80 C (ISO 21028-1:2016) Rcipients cryogniques - Exigences de tnacit pour les matriaux temprature cry
6、ognique - Partie 1: Tempratures infrieures -80 C (ISO 21028-1:2016) Kryo-Behlter - Zhigkeitsanforderungen an Werkstoffe bei kryogenen Temperaturen - Teil 1: Temperaturen unter -80 C (ISO 21028-1:2016) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 7 August 2016. CEN members are bound to comply with t
7、he CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this European Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Manageme
8、nt Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official versions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status
9、 as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta,
10、Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG CEN-CENELEC Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2016 CEN Al
11、l rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 21028-1:2016 E BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016EN ISO 21028-1:2016 (E) 3 European foreword This document (EN ISO 21028-1:2016) has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 220 “Cryogenic vesse
12、ls” in collaboration with Technical Committee CEN/TC 268 “Cryogenic vessels and specific hydrogen technologies applications” the secretariat of which is held by AFNOR. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsemen
13、t, at the latest by April 2017, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by April 2017. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying an
14、y or all such patent rights. This document supersedes EN 1252-1:1998. This document has been prepared under a mandate given to CEN by the European Commission and the European Free Trade Association, and supports essential requirements of EU Directive(s). For relationship with EU Directive, see infor
15、mative Annex ZA, which is an integral part of this document. According to the CEN-CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia
16、, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The tex
17、t of ISO 21028-1:2016 has been approved by CEN as EN ISO 21028-1:2016 without any modification. BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016EN ISO 21028-1:2016 (E) 4 Annex ZA (informative) Relationship between this European Standard and the Essential Requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU of the European Parliament and of
18、the Council of 15 May 2014 on the harmonization of the laws of the Member States relating to the making available on the market of pressure equipment This European Standard has been prepared under a Commissions standardization request, M/071 Pressure Equipment, to provide one voluntary means of conf
19、orming to Essential Requirements of the New Approach Directive 2014/68/EU “Pressure Equipment Directive” of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014. Once this standard is cited in the Official Journal of the European Union under that Directive compliance with the normative clauses
20、of this standard given in Table ZA.1 confers, within the limits of the scope of this standard, a presumption of conformity with the corresponding essential requirements of that Directive, and associated EFTA regulations. Table ZA.1 Correspondence between this European Standard and Directive 2014/68/
21、EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 15 May 2014 Essential Requirements of Directive 2014/68/EU Clause(s)/subclause(s) of this EN Remarks/Notes Annex I 2.2.3 b) Subclauses 4.1 and 4.2 Impact strength Annex I 7.5 Subclause 4.2 Material characteristics WARNING 1 Presumption of conformit
22、y stays valid only as long as a reference to this European Standard is maintained in the list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. Users of this standard should consult frequently the latest list published in the Official Journal of the European Union. WARNING 2 Other Union legis
23、lation may be applicable to the product(s) falling within the scope of this standard. BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016ISO 21028-1:2016(E)Foreword ivIntroduction v1 Scope . 12 Normative references 13 Terms and definitions . 14 Toughness requirements . 14.1 General . 14.2 Steels 14.3 Aluminium or aluminium allo
24、ys 24.4 Copper or copper alloys 24.5 Test methods . 24.5.1 General 24.5.2 Test piece locations for plates 34.5.3 Test piece locations for welds and heat-affected zones . 34.6 Acceptance criteria 54.6.1 For impact energy . 54.6.2 For lateral expansion 5Bibliography 7 ISO 2016 All rights reserved iiiC
25、ontents PageBS EN ISO 21028-1:2016ISO 21028-1:2016(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Ea
26、ch member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the Internatio
27、nal Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.The procedures used to develop this document and those intended for its further maintenance are described in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 1. In particular the different approval criteria needed for the different
28、 types of ISO documents should be noted. This document was drafted in accordance with the editorial rules of the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2 (see www.iso.org/directives).Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not
29、 be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Details of any patent rights identified during the development of the document will be in the Introduction and/or on the ISO list of patent declarations received (see www.iso.org/patents).Any trade name used in this document is info
30、rmation given for the convenience of users and does not constitute an endorsement.For an explanation on the meaning of ISO specific terms and expressions related to conformity assessment, as well as information about ISOs adherence to the World Trade Organization (WTO) principles in the Technical Ba
31、rriers to Trade (TBT) see the following URL: www.iso.org/iso/foreword.html. The committee responsible for this document is ISO/TC 220, Cryogenic vessels.This second edition cancels and replaces the first edition (ISO 21028-1:2004), which has been technically revised.ISO 21028 consists of the followi
32、ng parts, under the general title Cryogenic vessels Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature: Part 1: Temperatures below -80 C Part 2: Temperatures between -80 C and -20 Civ ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 21028-1:2016ISO 21028-1:2016(E)IntroductionThe use of materials at
33、low temperatures entails special problems which are to be addressed. Consideration is to be given, in particular, to changes in mechanical characteristics, expansion and contraction phenomena and the thermal conduction of the various materials. Austenitic stainless steel can transform from the auste
34、nitic to the martensitic phase when cooled down, leading to dimensional change that needs to be considered during design.However, the most important property to be considered is material toughness at low temperatures. ISO 2016 All rights reserved vBS EN ISO 21028-1:2016BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016Cryogeni
35、c vessels Toughness requirements for materials at cryogenic temperature Part 1: Temperatures below -80 C1 ScopeThis part of ISO 21028 specifies the toughness requirements of metallic materials for use at a temperature below -80 C to ensure their suitability for cryogenic vessels.This part of ISO 210
36、28 is not applicable to unalloyed steels and cast materials.2 Normative referencesThe following documents are referred to in the text in such a way that some or all of their content constitutes requirements of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated reference
37、s, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies.There are no normative references in this document.3 Terms and definitionsFor the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply.3.1minimum working temperaturelowest temperature likely to be rea
38、ched by the vessel or by one of the vessel components during operation4 Toughness requirements4.1 GeneralThe toughness of the materials used shall be either guaranteed by the material producer or verified by conducting an impact test on the material in accordance with the following requirements.The
39、toughness of the materials used shall be guaranteed by the material producer or cryogenic vessel manufacturer by conducting an impact test on each heat (lot) of the material in accordance with the following requirements.Additionally, impact tests shall be performed on welded vessels as part of weldi
40、ng procedure qualification and production weld tests as specified in the product standard.4.2 Steels4.2.1 The materials used for the manufacture of the vessels, the welds and the heat-affected zone shall meet either the minimum impact energy or lateral expansion values.a) Ferritic steels: Minimum im
41、pact energy value: 34 J/cm2.INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 21028-1:2016(E) ISO 2016 All rights reserved 1BS EN ISO 21028-1:2016ISO 21028-1:2016(E)NOTE 1 34 J/cm2corresponds to a 27 J energy for a full-size specimen.b) Austenitic steels: Minimum impact energy value: 40 J/cm2.NOTE 2 40 J/cm2corresponds to
42、 a 32 J energy for a full-size specimen.c) Minimum lateral expansion value: 0,38 mm.4.2.2 The requirements of 4.2.1 apply to parent metal, welds and heat-affected zones at minimum working temperature and for the following steels.a) Ferritic alloy steel Ni 9 %NOTE 1 Product standards specify more str
43、ingent requirements in some cases (e.g. ISO 20421-1).b) Austenitic stainless steels (CrNi, CrNiMo, CrNiMn, etc., see, for example, EN 10028-7)NOTE 2 The values relate to V-notch impact test pieces as specified in ISO 148-1.4.2.3 The extent of testing should be as follows.a) For working temperatures
44、warmer or equal to 196 C, only the weld should be subjected to theimpact test.b) For working temperatures colder than 196 C, base metal, heat-affected zones and weld metalshould be impact tested. It is sufficient to perform the impact test at 196 C, but either minimumimpact energy value should be 48
45、 J/cm2or the minimum lateral expansion value should be 0,53 mm. For the base material, the value guaranteed in the material test certificate may be used.For working temperatures colder than 196 C, base metal, heat-affected zones and weld metal should be impact tested. It is sufficient to perform the
46、 impact test at 196 C, but minimum impact energy value should be 48 J/cm2, or minimum impact energy value should be 40 J/cm2, if, during the welding procedure test, it was demonstrated that there are no significant differences of the impact energy values of 196 C and the values of the lower temperat
47、ure, or the minimum lateral expansion value should be 0,53 mm.For the base material, the value guaranteed in the material test certificate may be used.4.3 Aluminium or aluminium alloysThe toughness of aluminium and aluminium alloys is inherently high enough at low temperatures to render impact tests
48、 unnecessary (see, for example, ISO 6361-3 and ISO 6361-4).4.4 Copper or copper alloysThe toughness of copper and copper alloys is inherently high enough at low temperatures to render impact tests unnecessary (see, for example, EN 1652, EN 1653, EN 1981 and EN 12163).4.5 Test methods4.5.1 GeneralThe
49、 impact energy and lateral expansion values specified in 4.2 relate to test pieces measuring 10 mm 10 mm with a V-notch.2 ISO 2016 All rights reservedBS EN ISO 21028-1:2016ISO 21028-1:2016(E)For materials of thickness less than 10 mm but greater than or equal to 5 mm, test pieces with a cross-section of 10 e, where e is the thickness of the material in millimetres, shall be used. If standard test pieces cannot be obtained from the material, reduced section test pieces, with a width equal to the pro
