1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationBS EN ISO 22007-1:2012Plastics Determinationof thermal conductivity andthermal diffusivityPart 1: General principles (ISO22007-1:2009)BS EN ISO 22007-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNatio
2、nal forewordThis British Standard is the UK implementation of EN ISO22007-1:2012. It is identical to ISO 22007-1:2009.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to TechnicalCommittee PRI/21, Testing of plastics.A list of organizations represented on this committee can beobtained on reques
3、t to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessaryprovisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correctapplication. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI StandardsLimited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 75971 0ICS 83.080.01Compliance with a British Stan
4、dard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 29 February 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate Text affectedEUROPEAN STANDARD NORME EUROPENNE EUROPISCHE NORM EN ISO 22007-1 January 20
5、12 ICS 83.080.01 English Version Plastics - Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity - Part 1: General principles (ISO 22007-1:2009) Plastiques - Dtermination de la conductivit thermique et de la diffusivit thermique - Partie 1: Principes gnraux (ISO 22007-1:2009) Kunststoffe -
6、Bestimmung der Wrmeleitfhigkeit und der Temperaturleitfhigkeit - Teil 1: Allgemeine Grundlagen (ISO 22007-1:2009) This European Standard was approved by CEN on 24 December 2011. CEN members are bound to comply with the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations which stipulate the conditions for giving this E
7、uropean Standard the status of a national standard without any alteration. Up-to-date lists and bibliographical references concerning such national standards may be obtained on application to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre or to any CEN member. This European Standard exists in three official vers
8、ions (English, French, German). A version in any other language made by translation under the responsibility of a CEN member into its own language and notified to the CEN-CENELEC Management Centre has the same status as the official versions. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria,
9、 Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom.
10、EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. EN ISO 22007-1:2012: EBS EN
11、 ISO 22007-1:2012EN ISO 22007-1:2012 (E) 3 Foreword The text of ISO 22007-1:2009 has been prepared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61 “Plastics” of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and has been taken over as EN ISO 22007-1:2012 by Technical Committee CEN/TC 249 “Plastics” the s
12、ecretariat of which is held by NBN. This European Standard shall be given the status of a national standard, either by publication of an identical text or by endorsement, at the latest by July 2012, and conflicting national standards shall be withdrawn at the latest by July 2012. Attention is drawn
13、to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following
14、countries are bound to implement this European Standard: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia,
15、Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Endorsement notice The text of ISO 22007-1:2009 has been approved by CEN as a EN ISO 22007-1:2012 without any modification. BS EN ISO 22007-1:2012ISO 22007-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Foreword iv 1 Scope
16、 . 1 2 Normative references . 1 3 Terms and definitions. 1 4 Principles. 2 5 Test methods. 3 5.1 General. 3 5.2 Hot-wire method 5 5.3 Line-source method 6 5.4 Transient plane source method 6 5.5 Temperature wave analysis method. 7 5.6 Laser flash method. 8 5.7 Guarded methods . 8 5.7.1 Guarded hot-p
17、late method. 8 5.7.2 Guarded heat flow meter method 9 6 Test report . 10 Annex A (informative) Sources of uncertainty in transient methods . 11 Bibliography . 17 BS EN ISO 22007-1:2012ISO 22007-1:2009(E) iv ISO 2009 All rights reservedForeword ISO (the International Organization for Standardization)
18、 is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be repre
19、sented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization. International Standards are
20、 drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2. The main task of technical committees is to prepare International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an Internationa
21、l Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. ISO 22007-1 was pr
22、epared by Technical Committee ISO/TC 61, Plastics, Subcommittee SC 5, Physical-chemical properties. ISO 22007 consists of the following parts, under the general title Plastics Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity: Part 1: General principles Part 2: Transient plane heat sourc
23、e (hot disc) method Part 3: Temperature wave analysis method Part 4: Laser flash method Part 5: Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity of poly(methyl methacrylate) Technical Report (in preparation) BS EN ISO 22007-1:2012INTERNATIONAL STANDARD ISO 22007-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All r
24、ights reserved 1Plastics Determination of thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity Part 1: General principles SAFETY STATEMENT Persons using this document should be familiar with normal laboratory practice, if applicable. This document does not purport to address all of the safety concerns, if a
25、ny, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user to establish appropriate safety and health practices and to ensure compliance with any regulatory requirements. 1 Scope This part of ISO 22007 describes the background to methods for the determination of the thermal conductivity and t
26、hermal diffusivity of polymeric materials. Different techniques are available for these measurements and some may be better suited than others for a particular type, state and form of material. This part of ISO 22007 provides a broad overview of these techniques. Standards specific to these techniqu
27、es, as referenced in this part of ISO 22007, are used to carry out the actual test method. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest editio
28、n of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 472, Plastics Vocabulary 3 Terms and definitions For the purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in ISO 472 and the following apply. 3.1 heat pulse heat change in the form of a pulse produced by a heat source 3.2
29、 heat pulse energy amount of heat produced by a heat source within the heat pulse NOTE It is expressed in joules (J). 3.3 heat source heater in the form of a wire, strip, plate or foil embedded within or attached to a test specimen or an area irradiated by incident light, e.g. a laser BS EN ISO 2200
30、7-1:2012ISO 22007-1:2009(E) 2 ISO 2009 All rights reserved3.4 heat flux q heat source output produced by a planar source per unit time and unit area NOTE It is expressed in watts per square metre (W/m2). 3.5 linear heat flow heat source output produced by a linear source per unit time and unit lengt
31、h NOTE It is expressed in watts per metre (W/m). 3.6 penetration depth characteristic depth used for describing the extent of heat penetration into the specimen during a transient measuring process NOTE It is expressed in metres (m). 3.7 temperature transient temporary perturbation of temperature in
32、 a system initially at a uniform temperature due to a heat pulse for a period during which the system does not attain equilibrium 3.8 volumetric heat capacity product of the density and the heat capacity NOTE It is expressed in joules per cubic metre kelvin J/(m3K). 3.9 thermal effusivity b heat tra
33、nsport property given by the square root of the product of thermal conductivity and volumetric heat capacity: pbc= where is the thermal conductivity; is the density; cpis the heat capacity NOTE It is expressed in joules per square metre kelvin square root second J/(m2Ks). 3.10 thermal resistivity re
34、ciprocal of thermal conductivity NOTE It is expressed in metre kelvins per watt (mK)/W. 4 Principles Thermal conductivity refers specifically to the mode of heat transfer via conduction. In thermal conductivity measurements, other modes of heat transfer, such as convection, radiation and mass transf
35、er, may occur. Where these modes are significant, the measured property is usually referred to as apparent or effective BS EN ISO 22007-1:2012ISO 22007-1:2009(E) ISO 2009 All rights reserved 3thermal conductivity. Thermal conductivity is affected by the conditions under which it is measured, such as
36、 temperature and pressure, as well as compositional variation of the material and orientation of the specimen since some materials are not isotropic. In steady-state methods, an appropriately sized specimen of simple geometry in contact with a heat source, together with one or more temperature senso
37、rs, which may be combined with the heat source or separate from it, is allowed to equilibrate at a given temperature. Transient methods may be contact or non-contact. A thermal transient is produced by a heat pulse to generate a dynamic temperature field within the specimen. The temperature change w
38、ith time (temperature response) is measured by one or more sensors which may be combined with the heat source, placed at a fixed distance from the source or, as in the case of the laser flash method, located on the other side of the specimen. The response is then analysed in accordance with a model,
39、 and a set of solutions developed for the representative set-up and designed for the specific geometry and the assumed boundary conditions. Depending upon the geometry of the specimen and source and the means of generating the temperature field, one or more thermo-physical properties can be obtained
40、, either separately or simultaneously. Table 1 contains a summary of the characteristics of different types of contact transient method and the properties that may be determined by their use. NOTE 1 Most unfilled plastics fall into the category of materials of intermediate thermal conductivity (0,1
41、W/mK to 1 W/mK). They are an order of magnitude more conductive than foams and insulation but about five times less conductive than ceramics and glass. Their thermal conductivity can increase dramatically if fillers are added. A variety of test methods may be used, depending on the form and state of
42、 the plastic. An overview of these methods is given in Clause 5. Detailed test methods are contained in other parts of ISO 22007 and in other standards referenced. NOTE 2 Reference materials are necessary to verify the performance of primary methods and to calibrate secondary methods. A number of so
43、lid materials have been characterized by national standards laboratories, such as NPL, NIST, LNE, NMIJ and PTB, but currently only poly(methyl methacrylate) and Pyrex77401)glass have a thermal conductivity which is in the same range as those of most polymer and polymer-filled materials. Polydimethyl
44、siloxane and glycerol are well characterized fluid reference materials with thermal conductivities in the same range as those of plastics. Table 1 Basic characteristics of contact transient methods Type of method Heat source geometry Mode of heat generation Heat source/temperature sensor configurati
45、on Measured and/or derived parameters Hot wire/line source/hot strip Line, strip Step-wise Combinedaor separateb, (Cpand b in some versions of the method) Pulse transient Plane Pulse Separate , Cp, Plane source transient Disc Pulse Combined , Cp, = thermal conductivity; = thermal diffusivity; b = th
46、ermal effusivity; Cp= specific heat aOne sensor. bTwo sensors. 5 Test methods 5.1 General A number of test methods have been developed to provide a means of measuring thermal conductivity and thermal diffusivity based upon the basic principle outlined above. An overview of these methods is given in
47、the following subclauses. Some of these methods are summarized in Table 2 and then further explained in more detail. Complete details of the test methods described in 5.4 to 5.6 can be found in ISO 22007-214, ISO 22007-315and ISO 22007-416. 1) Pyrex is a registered trademark of Corning Incorporated.
48、 This information is given for the convenience of users of this part of ISO 22007 and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of this product. BS EN ISO 22007-1:2012ISO 22007-1:2009(E) 4 ISO 2009 All rights reservedTable 2 Schematic diagrams of various contact transient experimental methods showin
49、g critical dimensions Method Specimen set-up Characteristic parameters Ideal model Hot wireal = specimen length w = specimen width, thickness dp= wire probe diameter 200dp4w Line sourceaws= active zone lp= probe length dp= probe diameter ds= specimen diameter ws 1,5lplp 33dpds 6dpHot platebw = width, thickness h = height ds= specimen diameter smax, 3whd t where tmax= maximum measurement time Plane source transientbdp= heat source diameter ds= specimen diameter w = specimen thicknes
