1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards Publicationraising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationHealth and safety in welding and allied processes Labora
2、tory method for sampling fume and gasesPart 6: Procedure for quantitative determination of fume from resistance spot weldingPD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012Incorporating corrigendum September 2012National forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN ISO/TS 1501
3、1-6:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to Technical CommitteeWEE/40, Health and safety in welding.A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained onrequest to its secretary.This publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of acon
4、tract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012ISBN 978 0 580 66527 1ICS 13.100; 25.160.10Compliance with a British Standard cannot confer immunity fromlegal obligations.This Published Document was published unde
5、r the authority of theStandards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 August 2012.Amendments issued since publicationAmd. No. Date Text affectedPUBLISHED DOCUMENTPD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012PUBLISHED DOCUMENTNational forewordThis Published Document is the UK implementation of CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012 inc
6、orporating corrigendum September 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 80902 6Amendments/corrigenda issued since publicationDate Text affected31 December 2012 Implementation of ISO corrigendum September 2012: Corrected Table C.1 to increase “Electrode force” values 10-foldTECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQU
7、E TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKATION CEN ISO/TS 15011-6 July 2012 ICS 13.100; 25.160.10 English Version Health and safety in welding and allied processes - Laboratory method for sampling fume and gases - Part 6: Procedure for quantitative determination of fume and gases from resistance spot welding (ISO/TS 15
8、011-6:2012) Hygine et scurit en soudage et techniques connexes - Mthode de laboratoire dchantillonnage des fumes et des gaz - Partie 6: Procdure pour la dtermination quantitative des fumes et des gaz gnrs par le soudage par rsistance par points (ISO/TS 15011-6:2012) Arbeits- und Gesundheitsschutz be
9、im Schweien und bei verwandten Verfahren - Laborverfahren zum Sammeln von Rauch und Gasen - Teil 6: Verfahren zur quantitativen Bestimmung von Rauchen und Gasen beim Widerstandspunktschweien (ISO/TS 15011-6:2012) This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 20 May 2012 for provisiona
10、l application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit their comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the
11、 existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/T
12、S into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Ne
13、therlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZATION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of ex
14、ploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012: EPD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012 (E) 2 Contents Page Foreword 3PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2
15、012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 121 “Welding“, the secretariat of which is held by DIN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 44 “Welding and allied processes“. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of pate
16、nt rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the following countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria
17、, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey
18、 and the United Kingdom. PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012ISO/TS 15011-6:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents Page Introduction vi 1 Scope 1 2 Normative references 1 3 Terms and definitions . 2 4 Principle . 2 5 Apparatus . 2 6 Procedure . 3 6.1 Preparation of test pieces. 3 6.2 Set up of weldi
19、ng equipment . 4 6.3 Selection of welding parameters . 4 6.4 Fume emission rate . 4 6.5 Emission rate of gases . 5 7 Calculation method . 6 7.1 Emission rate of dust 6 7.2 Emission rate of gases . 7 8 Documentation 8 9 Test report 9 Annex A (informative) Examples of designs of fume box 10 Annex B (i
20、nformative) Example of a welding chamber for determination of the emission rate of gases . 13 Annex C (normative) Welding parameters . 16 Annex D (informative) Example of test report 17 Bibliography 19 PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012ISO/TS 15011-6:2012(E) vi ISO 2012 All rights reservedIntroduction Weldi
21、ng and cutting activities generate fume and gases which can be harmful to health and should be controlled within the limits laid down by regulations. Determination of the particle size distribution and the qualitative analysis (metallic and organic fraction and, if possible, speciation) of the dust
22、collected are part of the current practices in human health risk assessment. In addition, determination of the emission rate of fume and gases is essential for a proper hazard characterization (qualitative and quantitative analysis). Emission rates cannot be used directly to assess the welders expos
23、ure, but it is expected that materials giving low emission rates will result in lower welder exposures than materials with high emission rates used in the same working situation. PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ISO/TS 15011-6:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 1Health and safety
24、in welding and allied processes Laboratory method for sampling fume and gases Part 6: Procedure for quantitative determination of fume and gases from resistance spot welding 1 Scope This part of ISO 15011 provides guidance on determination of emission rates of fume and gases generated by spot weldin
25、g of uncoated and coated steel sheets, expressed as the quantity of pollutants per spot weld. It describes the test principle and considers methods for sampling and analysis. This part of ISO 15011 can be used for determining the influence of the type of material, the coating system, and the materia
26、l thickness on the possible generation of fume and gases when using a fixed combination of electrodes, welding equipment, and testing conditions. The data generated can be used by product manufacturers to provide information for inclusion in safety data sheets and by occupational hygienists to evalu
27、ate the significant substances emitted by spot welding in the performance of risk assessments and/or workplace exposure measurements. 2 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies
28、. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. ISO 7708, Air quality Particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling ISO 15011-5, Health and safety in welding and allied processes Laboratory method for sampling fume and gase
29、s Part 5: Identification of thermal-degradation products generated when welding or cutting through products composed wholly or partly of organic materials using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ISO 15609-5, Specification and qualification of welding procedures for metallic materials We
30、lding procedure specification Part 5: Resistance welding ISO 15767, Workplace atmospheres Controlling and characterizing uncertainty in weighing collected aerosols ISO 18278-2:2004, Resistance welding Weldability Part 2: Alternative procedures for the assessment of sheet steels for spot welding CEN/
31、TR 14599, Terms and definitions for welding purposes in relation with EN 1792 CEN/TR 15230, Workplace atmospheres Guidance for sampling of inhalable, thoracic and respirable aerosol fractions PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012ISO/TS 15011-6:2012(E) 2 ISO 2012 All rights reserved3 Terms and definitions For t
32、he purposes of this document, the terms and definitions given in CEN/TR 14599 and the following apply. 3.1 gas thermal degradation substance generated when welding and sampled in the gas phase 3.2 welding spatter exit of molten metal from the overlapping area between the sheets and characterized by
33、flying sparks and/or by plumes in the overlapping area emanating from the solidified weld nugget NOTE The solidified weld nugget can be examined for signs of weld spatter by destructive testing. 3.3 surface spatter exit of molten metal occurring in resistance spot welding at the contact area between
34、 electrode and sheet surface NOTE Surface spatter is visible to the eye and can often be recognized after welding by means of a remaining dark trace of residues on, and/or light formation of plumes at, the sheet surface. 4 Principle Fume and gases generated by resistance spot welding are extracted i
35、nto a sampling chamber in order to determine the amount of dust generated. According to the principle of sedimentation, coarse particles are separated and the airborne particles are collected on a preweighed filter, which is then reweighed. The fume can then be chemically analysed, if required. In o
36、rder to determine the gaseous components, the emissions are collected in a fume box, then sampled and quantified in an appropriate manner. Identification of any thermal degradation products of occupational hygiene significance are undertaken in accordance with ISO 15011-5 prior to the welding test.
37、5 Apparatus 5.1 Resistance spot welding equipment. Refer to ISO 15609-5 for information and guidance on appropriate resistance spot welding equipment and resistance spot welding conditions. 5.2 Equipment for determination of fume emission rate. 5.2.1 Welding chamber for determination of fume emissio
38、n rate. See Annex A. 5.2.2 Sampler. 5.2.2.1 Inhalable sampler, designed to collect the inhalable fraction of airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, with a high enough design flow rate to extract all the fume generated without loss on to the walls of the welding chamber. 5.2.2.2 Respirable sampl
39、er, designated to collect the respirable fraction of airborne particles, as defined in ISO 7708, with a high enough design flow rate to extract all the fume generated without loss on to the walls of the welding chamber. 5.2.3 Filters, with a suitable pore size, e.g. 8 m, and of a diameter that is co
40、mpatible with the sampler (5.2.2). Refer to ISO 15767 for guidance on selection of filters when carrying out gravimetric measurements. PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012ISO/TS 15011-6:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved 35.2.4 Adaptor, for connecting the welding chamber to the sampler, having an airtight f
41、it in order to prevent outside air being entrained into the chamber. 5.2.5 Balance, accurate to 0,01 mg, for preweighing and reweighing test filters. 5.3 Equipment for determination emission rates of gases. 5.3.1 Welding chamber for determination emission rates of gases shall be large enough to cont
42、ain the emitted gases during welding and shall not be constructed using materials which could emit organic gases on heating. The chamber shall be equipped with a number of suitable ports through which the emitted gases can be sampled. An example of a welding chamber for determination emission rates
43、of gases is given in Annex B. 5.3.2 Sampling lines, consisting of tubing connecting the sampling points and the pumps or equipment for measuring gas concentration. The sampling lines shall have a diameter 10 mm, be as short as practicable, and shall incorporate a dust filter, mounted in a suitable f
44、ilter holder, placed as close as possible to the sampling point in order to prevent dust from entering the sampling line. 5.3.3 Direct-reading apparatus for measuring carbon monoxide (CO) is based on one of the following principles: dispersive infra-red absorption and non-dispersive infra-red absorp
45、tion, used with or without filters to reduce interference from carbon dioxide; diffusion of CO through a semi-permeable membrane at a rate proportional to the concentration, followed by electrochemical oxidation of the gas at a potential-controlled electrode and measurement of the current produced.
46、5.3.4 Equipment for sampling volatile organic compounds (VOCs), e.g. Tenax1)tubes. 5.3.5 Equipment for sampling aldehydes and other carbonyl compounds, e.g. 2,4-dinitrophenylhydrazine (DNPH) tube. 5.3.6 Equipment for sampling polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), e.g. XAD-21)tube. 5.3.7 Equipment
47、 for sampling phenols, e.g. XAD-71)tube. 5.3.8 Equipment for sampling isocyanates, e.g. glass-fibre filters impregnated with 1-(2-pyridyl)piperazine. 6 Procedure 6.1 Preparation of test pieces Prepare strips of the material to be tested, having a width of 50 mm and a length which is sufficient to en
48、sure a minimum of 100 spot welds can be performed at a welding frequency of 20 spots/min with a spot weld distance of 30 mm. If necessary, join two or more strips to produce a test piece of sufficient length. 1) Example of a suitable product available commercially. This information is given for the
49、convenience of users of this International Standard and does not constitute an endorsement by ISO of the product named. PD CEN ISO/TS 15011-6:2012ISO/TS 15011-6:2012(E) 4 ISO 2012 All rights reserved6.2 Set up of welding equipment Set up the resistance spot welding equipment (5.1) to weld together two test pieces (see 6.1) within the welding chamber, with the spot welds centrally placed at a spot weld distance of 30 mm. Use the welding chamber described in Annex A for determination of fume em
