1、raising standards worldwideNO COPYING WITHOUT BSI PERMISSION EXCEPT AS PERMITTED BY COPYRIGHT LAWBSI Standards PublicationPD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012Electronic fee collection Charging performancePart 1: MetricsPD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012 BRITISH STANDARDNational forewordThis British Standard is the UK
2、 implementation of CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012.The UK participation in its preparation was entrusted to T e c h n i c a l C o m m i t t e e E P L / 2 7 8 , R o a d t r a n s p o r t i n f o r m a t i c s .A list of organizations represented on this committee can be obtained on request to its secretary.T
3、his publication does not purport to include all the necessary provisions of a contract. Users are responsible for its correct application. The British Standards Institution 2012. Published by BSI Standards Limited 2012.ISBN 978 0 580 80836 4 ICS 03.220.20; 35.240.60 Compliance with a British Standar
4、d cannot confer immunity from legal obligations.This British Standard was published under the authority of the Standards Policy and Strategy Committee on 31 October 2012.Amendments issued since publicationDate T e x t a f f e c t e dTECHNICAL SPECIFICATION SPCIFICATION TECHNIQUE TECHNISCHE SPEZIFIKA
5、TION CEN ISO/TS 17444-1 October 2012 ICS 03.220.20; 35.240.60 English Version Electronic fee collection - Charging performance - Part 1: Metrics (ISO/TS 17444-1:2012) Perception du tlpage - Performance dimputation - Partie 1: Mtrique (ISO/TS 17444-1:2012) Elektronische Gebhrenerhebung - Abbuchungsdu
6、rchfhrung - Teil 1: Metriken (ISO/TS 17444-1:2012) This Technical Specification (CEN/TS) was approved by CEN on 30 September 2012 for provisional application. The period of validity of this CEN/TS is limited initially to three years. After two years the members of CEN will be requested to submit the
7、ir comments, particularly on the question whether the CEN/TS can be converted into a European Standard. CEN members are required to announce the existence of this CEN/TS in the same way as for an EN and to make the CEN/TS available promptly at national level in an appropriate form. It is permissible
8、 to keep conflicting national standards in force (in parallel to the CEN/TS) until the final decision about the possible conversion of the CEN/TS into an EN is reached. CEN members are the national standards bodies of Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Fin
9、land, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and United Kingdom. EUROPEAN COMMITTEE FOR STANDARDIZAT
10、ION COMIT EUROPEN DE NORMALISATION EUROPISCHES KOMITEE FR NORMUNG Management Centre: Avenue Marnix 17, B-1000 Brussels 2012 CEN All rights of exploitation in any form and by any means reserved worldwide for CEN national Members. Ref. No. CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012: EPD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012CEN ISO/TS
11、 17444-1:2012 (E) 3 Foreword This document (CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012) has been prepared by Technical Committee CEN/TC 278 “Road transport and traffic telematics“, the secretariat of which is held by NEN, in collaboration with Technical Committee ISO/TC 204 “Intelligent transport systems“. Attention i
12、s drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. CEN and/or CENELEC shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. According to the CEN/CENELEC Internal Regulations, the national standards organizations of the fo
13、llowing countries are bound to announce this Technical Specification: Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Nether
14、lands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and the United Kingdom. PD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012ISO/TS 17444-1:2012(E) ISO 2012 All rights reserved iiiContents PageForeword ivIntroduction v1 Scope 12 Normative references . 23 Terms and definitions .
15、 34 Abbreviated terms . 75 Definition of charging performance metrics 75.1 General . 75.2 Metric Identification 115.3 End-to-End metrics . 115.4 User Account Metrics .125.5 Payment Claim Metrics 135.6 Billing Details Metrics 135.7 Toll Declaration Metrics .155.8 Charge Report Metrics .18Annex A (inf
16、ormative) Defining Performance Requirements 21Bibliography .24PD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012ISO/TS 17444-1:2012(E)ForewordISO (the International Organization for Standardization) is a worldwide federation of national standards bodies (ISO member bodies). The work of preparing International Standards is
17、normally carried out through ISO technical committees. Each member body interested in a subject for which a technical committee has been established has the right to be represented on that committee. International organizations, governmental and non-governmental, in liaison with ISO, also take part
18、in the work. ISO collaborates closely with the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) on all matters of electrotechnical standardization.International Standards are drafted in accordance with the rules given in the ISO/IEC Directives, Part 2.The main task of technical committees is to prepa
19、re International Standards. Draft International Standards adopted by the technical committees are circulated to the member bodies for voting. Publication as an International Standard requires approval by at least 75 % of the member bodies casting a vote.In other circumstances, particularly when ther
20、e is an urgent market requirement for such documents, a technical committee may decide to publish other types of document: an ISO Publicly Available Specification (ISO/PAS) represents an agreement between technical experts in an ISO working group and is accepted for publication if it is approved by
21、more than 50 % of the members of the parent committee casting a vote; an ISO Technical Specification (ISO/TS) represents an agreement between the members of a technical committee and is accepted for publication if it is approved by 2/3 of the members of the committee casting a vote.An ISO/PAS or ISO
22、/TS is reviewed after three years in order to decide whether it will be confirmed for a further three years, revised to become an International Standard, or withdrawn. If the ISO/PAS or ISO/TS is confirmed, it is reviewed again after a further three years, at which time it must either be transformed
23、 into an International Standard or be withdrawn.Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this document may be the subject of patent rights. ISO shall not be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights.ISO/TS 17444-1 was prepared by Technical Committee ISO
24、/TC 204, Intelligent transport systems, and by Technical Committee CEN/TC 278, Road transport and traffic telematics in collaboration.ISO 17444 consists of the following parts, under the general title Electronic fee collection Charging performance: Part 1: Metrics Technical Specification Part 2: Exa
25、mination framework1)1) To be published.iv ISO 2012 All rights reservedPD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012ISO/TS 17444-1:2012(E)IntroductionElectronic Tolling systems are complex distributed systems involving critical technology such as dedicated short-range communication (DSRC) and global navigation satellit
26、e systems (GNSS) both subject to a certain random behaviour that may affect the computation of the charges. Thus, in order to protect the interests of the different involved stakeholders, in particular Service Users and Toll Chargers, it is essential to define metrics that measure the performance of
27、 the system as far as computation of charges is concerned and ensure that the potential resulting errors in terms of size and probability are acceptable. These metrics will be an essential tool when establishing requirements for the systems and also for examination of the system capabilities both du
28、ring acceptance and during the operational life of the system.In addition, in order to ensure the interoperability of different systems it will be necessary to agree on common metrics to be used and on the actual values that define the required acceptable performances, although this is not covered i
29、n this part of ISO/TS 17444.Toll schemes take on various forms as identified in ISO/TS 17575 (all parts) and ISO 14906. In order to create a uniform performance metric specification, toll schemes are grouped into two classes, based on the character of their primary charging variable: Charging based
30、on discrete events (charges when a vehicle crosses or stands within a certain zone), and those based on a continuous measurement (duration or distance).The following are examples of discrete (event-based) toll schemes. Single object charging: a road section, bypass, bridge, tunnel, mountain pass or
31、even a ferry, charged per passage; most tolled bridges belong to this category. Closed road charging: a fixed amount is charged for a certain combination of entry and exit on a motorway or other closed road network; many of the motorways in Southern Europe belong to this category. Discrete road link
32、s charging: determined by usage of specified road links, whether or not used in their entirety.EXAMPLE German heavy goods vehicle (HGV) charge. Charging for cordon crossing: triggered by passing in or out through a cordon that encircles a city core, for example.EXAMPLE Stockholm congestion charging.
33、The following are examples of continuous toll schemes. Charging based on direct distance measurement: defined as an amount per kilometre driven.EXAMPLE Switzerlands HGV charge; US basic vehicle miles travelled approach. Charging based on direct distance measurement in different tariff zones or road
34、types: defined as an amount per kilometre driven, with different tariffs applying in different zones or on different road types. This is a widely discussed approach, also known as Time-Distance-Place charging, and is under consideration in many European countries. The pilot programme in Oregon is an
35、 example from North America. Time in use charge: determined by the accumulated time a vehicle has been in operation, or, alternatively, by the time the vehicle has been present inside a predefined zone.In all these examples of toll schemes, tolls may additionally vary as a function of vehicle class
36、characteristics such as trailer presence, number of axles, taxation class, operating function, and depending on time of day or day of week, so that, for example, tariffs are higher in rush hour and lower on the weekends.With this degree of complexity, it is not surprising to find that the attempts t
37、o evaluate and compare technical solutions for Service User charging have been made on an individual basis each time a procurement or study is initiated, and with only limited ability to reuse prior comparisons made by other testing entities.The identification of different types of schemes as propos
38、ed in ISO/TS 17575 (all parts) and their grouping in the mentioned two classes is described in Table 1, which also identifies the examples mentioned above. ISO 2012 All rights reserved vPD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012ISO/TS 17444-1:2012(E)Table 1 Tolling scheme designs grouped according to Scheme categor
39、iesExamples Scheme type ISO/TS 17575 categorySingle object charging Discrete Sectioned roads pricingClosed road charging Discrete Sectioned roads pricingDiscrete road links charging Discrete Sectioned roads pricingCharging for cordon crossing Discrete Cordon pricingTime in use charge Continuous Area
40、 pricing timeCumulative distance charge Continuous Area pricing distanceCharging for cumulative distance (or time) in different zones (or by road type)Continuous Area pricing distanceNo toll schemes are purely continuous. At the very least, a system must be able to stop accumulating charges when it
41、leaves a jurisdiction in which a charge is due, and resume charging when it returns or enters another. Additionally, many Charging Schemes are set up so that the tariff is modified using discrete parameters, such as spatial zones, time spans, vehicle classes, etc. Under those circumstances, each uni
42、t of distance or time costs a different amount depending, for example, on whether it takes place inside or outside an area, such as a city, whether a trip takes place in rush hour or at night, or depending on what type of vehicle is used. In this part of ISO/TS 17444 references to a “continuous syst
43、em” have to be understood as those systems having some continuous behaviour even though they may also integrate some discrete nature. References to “discrete systems” are limited to those systems that are purely discrete.In these schemes, all the discrete parts (zones, cordons, events, time, vehicle
44、 class, etc.) that a system has to identify are translated into a particular tariff (e.g. price per kilometre) that has to be applied to the measured continuous variable (e.g. travelled kilometres) resulting in another continuous parameter, money.Among the different Interoperability Application Prof
45、iles defined in CEN/TS 16331, only Section Road Tolling has a purely discrete nature while the other four profiles have both discrete and continuous natures.Some features of discrete and continuous toll schemes that are of relevance for the definition of metrics proposed in this part of ISO/TS 17444
46、 are analysed below.Discrete toll schemesIn a discrete toll scheme, distinct events are associated with the identification of Charge Objects. It can be that a vehicle crossed a cordon, passed a bridge, was present in an area, or in an area on a given day. An event that takes place can either be corr
47、ectly recorded by the system or can be missed. However, there is also the possibility that an event is recorded even though it did not actually take place. This is summarized in the following matrix in Table 2.Table 2 Theoretical event decision matrix for discrete schemesEvent MatrixSystem detects C
48、hargeable EventYes NoChargeable Event takes placeYesCorrect ChargingMissed Recognition(Undercharging)NoFalse Positive(Overcharging)Correct Non-chargingIn this matrix there are two successful scenarios (Correct Charging and Correct Non-charging), and two unsuccessful (Missed Recognition and False Pos
49、itive). The unsuccessful scenarios have very different consequences. A Missed Recognition, i.e. a Chargeable Event that takes place but is not recorded by the system, implies an undercharging, as the Service User is not charged.vi ISO 2012 All rights reservedPD CEN ISO/TS 17444-1:2012ISO/TS 17444-1:2012(E)In the case of False Positive, a vehicle that is not using the toll domain is being charged for an event which did not take place. This implies an overcharging which is in violation of the legal rights of the Service User, and ultima
