1、ETSI EN 301 525 1.1.1 (2000-06) European Standard (Telecomm unica tions series) Fixed Radio Systems; Point to Multipoint Antennas; Antennas for Point-to-Multipoint fixed radio systems in the 1 GHz to 3 GHz band 2 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (2000-06) Reference DEN/TM-04060 Keywords antenna, CDMA, DRRS, F
2、DMA, multipoint, radio, RLL, TDMA, transmission ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-O6921 SoDhia AntiDolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 0001 7 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88 ImiDortant no
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5、the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at htip:/.etsi.orn/lb/statusi If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: editor et.si.fr Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoin
6、g restriction extend to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2000. All rights reserved. ETSI 3 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (2000-06) Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4 Foreword 4 1 Scope 5 2 References 5 3 3.1 Definitions 6 3.2 Symbols 7 3.3 Abbreviations . 7
7、4 Frequency bands . 7 5 Types of antennas . 8 5.2 Antenna classifications . 9 5.2.1 Central Station (CS) Classes . 9 5.2.2 Terminal Station (TS) Classes 9 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 6 5.1 Antenna Types 8 6 6.1 6.1.1 6.1.2 6.2 6.2.1 6.2.2 6.3 6.4 6.4.1 6.4.2 6.5 6.6 Electrical character
8、istics 9 Terminal Station (TS) Antennas . 9 Terminal Station (TS) minimum antenna boresight gain 13 Central Station (CS) Sectored Antennas . 13 CS Azimuth Elevation Pattern Envelopes (RPE), Sectored 13 TS Radiation Pattern Envelopes (RPE) . 10 Minimum Boresight Gain, Sectored . 14 Central Station (C
9、S) Omnidirectional Antennas . 15 Central Station (CS) Omni and Sectored Elevation RPEs 15 Symmetric elevation RPEs 15 Asymmetric elevation patterns 16 Radomes . 17 Antenna polarization 17 7 Conformance Tests . 17 Annex A (informative): Antenna characteristics . 18 A . 1 A.l.l A . 1.2 A.2 A.3 A.4 AS
10、A.6 Mechanical characteristics . 18 Environmental characteristics . 18 Antenna stability . 18 Antenna input connectors . 18 Interport isolation . 19 Passive Intermodulation Performance 19 VSWR at the input ports 19 Antenna labelling . 19 Bibliography . 20 History 21 ETSI 4 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (20
11、00-06) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR O00 3 14: “Intellectual
12、Propero Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notifed to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (-. Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been ca
13、rried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR O00 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This European Standard (Telecommunications series) has been produc
14、ed by ETSI Technical Committee Transmission and Multiplexing (TM). The present document was firstly started as part 2 of EN 301 631. It has been decided by ETSI Technical Committee Transmission and Multiplexing to publish it as a standalone document under EN 30 1 525 V1.l. 1. The purpose of the pres
15、ent document is to define the antenna performance standards necessary to ensure optimum frequency Co-ordination between like systems and/or different services by the Regulatory Authorities in the re-planned 1 GHz to 3 GHz band. The 3 GHz upper limit has been introduced making reference to the WARC 9
16、2 Final Acts 4 and the frequency plans as given in CEPT Recommendation T/R 13-01 i, ITU-R Recommendation F.746-3 2 and ITU-R Recommendation F. 1098 3. Antennas as components for radio relay systems may need to meet environmental, mechanical and electrical characteristics not covered by the present d
17、ocument, in order that the systems will operate as intended. Characteristics to be considered are provided as guidance in Annex A. The purpose of the present document is to define the requirements for antennas used in conjunction with point-to- multipoint (P-MP) systems necessary to facilitate frequ
18、ency Co-ordination between services in the frequency band 1 GHz to 3 GHz. National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): Date of withdrawal of any conflicti
19、ng National Standard (dow): 5 May 2000 3 1 August 2000 28 February 2001 28 February 200 1 ETSI 5 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (2000-06) 1 Scope The present document specifies the essential electrical requirements for linear polarization fixed beam antennas to be utilized with new Point-to-Multipoint (P-MP
20、) systems, including central station and terminal station applications, operating in frequency bands from 1 GHz to 3 GHz. These systems use various multiple access schemes. Electronically steerable antennas, and circularly polarized antennas are not considered under the present document. Only in exc
21、eptional circumstances, and after a consultation period with operators and manufacturers, the Regulatory Authority may impose the use of tighter requirements than the minimum values given in the present document, in order to maximize the use of scarce spectrum resources. The application of these rad
22、io systems is anticipated to be for point-to-multipoint links in local access networks and customer access links. For some high gain, point-to-multipoint requirements antennas may be used having performance as per the appropriate point-to-point antenna standard. For these antennas, minimum requireme
23、nts are given in EN 300 63 1-1 6. 2 References The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either specific (identified by date of publication, edition number, version number, etc.) or non-specific. Fo
24、r a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. A non-specific reference to an ETS shall also be taken to refer to later versions published as an EN with the same number. il CEPT Recommendation T/R 13-0 1: “Preferred channel arrang
25、ements for fixed services in the range 1-3 GHz“. ITU-R Recommendation F.746-3 (1994): “Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems“. ITU-R Recommendation F. 1098 (1994): “Radio-frequency channel arrangements for radio-relay systems in the 1 900-2 300 MHz band“. Final Acts of the Wor
26、ld Radiocommunications Conference for dealing with frequency allocations in certain parts of the spectrum (WARC-92), Malaga-Torremolinas 1992. ETSI EN 301 126-3-2: “Fixed Radio Systems; Conformance testing; Part 3-2: Point-to-Multipoint antennas - Definitions, general requirements and test procedure
27、s“. ETSI EN 300 63 1-1: “Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Digital Radio Relay Systems (DRRS); Part 1: Antennas for Point-to-Point (P-P) radio links in the 1 GHz to 3 GHz band“. ETSI ETS 300 O 19-1-4: “Equipment Engineering (EE); Environmental conditions and environmental tests for telecommunicati
28、ons equipment; Part 1-4: Classification of environmenta conditions; Stationary use at non-weather protected locations“. IEC Publication 60339-1: “General purpose rigid coaxial transmission lines and their associated flange connectors. Part 1: General requirements and measuring methods“. IEC Publicat
29、ion 60339-2: “General purpose rigid coaxial transmission lines and their associated flange connectors - Part 2: Detail specifications“. Pl 31 41 51 61 71 SI Pl ETSI 6 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (2000-06) IO1 IEC Publication 60 169- 1: “Radio-frequency connectors. Part 1: General requirements and measuri
30、ng methods“, and applicable sub-parts. i 11 EN 122150: “Sectional Specification: Radio frequency coaxial connectors - Series EIA flange“. 3 3.1 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: antenna: that part o
31、f the transmitting or receiving system that is designed to radiate or receive electromagnetic waves. boresight: axis of the main beam in a directional antenna. central station: base station which communicates each way with many terminal stations, and in some cases repeater stations. copolar pattern:
32、 diagram representing the radiation pattern of a test antenna when the reference antenna is similarly polarized, scaled in dl3i or dl3 relative to the measured antenna gain. crosspolar discrimination: difference in dl3 between the peak of the copolarized main beam and the maximum crosspolarized sign
33、al over an angle measured within a defined region. crosspolar pattern: diagram representing the radiation pattern of a test antenna when the reference antenna is orthogonally polarized, scaled in dl3i or dl3 relative to the measured antenna gain. fixed beam: radiation pattern in use is fixed relativ
34、e to a defined mechanical reference plane gain: ratio of the radiation intensity, in a given direction, to the radiation intensity that would be obtained if the power accepted by the antenna was radiated isotropically. half power beamwidth: angle between the two directions at which the measured copo
35、lar pattern is 3 dl3 below the value on the main beam axis. input port(s): flange(s) or connector(s) through which access to the antenna is provided. interport isolation: ratio in dl3 of the power level applied to one port of a multi-port antenna to the power level received in any other port of the
36、same antenna as a function of frequency. isotropic radiator: hypothetical, lossless antenna having equal radiation intensity in all directions. main beam: radiation lobe containing the direction of maximum radiation. main beam axis: direction for which the radiation intensity is maximum. mechanical
37、tilt: fixed angular shift in elevation of the antenna main beam axis by a change to the physical mounting. radiation pattern: diagram relating power flux density at a constant distance from the antenna to the direction relative to the antenna main beam axis. radiation pattern envelope (ME): envelope
38、 below which the radiation pattern shall fit. radome: cover of dielectric material, intended to protect an antenna from the effects of its physical environment. repeater station: radio station providing the connection via the air to both the central station and the terminal stations. The repeater st
39、ation may also provide the interfaces to the subscriber equipment if applicable. sector angle: declared angle of coverage in azimuth of a sectored antenna, defined as 2a in the present document. terminal station: remote (out) station which communicates with a central station. ETSI 7 ETSI EN 301 525
40、V1.l.l (2000-06) tilt: fixed, angular shift of the antenna main beam axis (boresight) in the elevation plane by either electrical, electronic or mechanical means. zero degree (Oo) reference direction: declared direction as reference to the antenna mechanical characteristics, used as reference for RP
41、E. 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: a dBi fo GHz GigaHertz MHz MegaHertz Alpha (= half the sector angle) Decibels relative to an isotropic source Nominal centre frequency of declared antenna operating range 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the p
42、resent document, the following abbreviations apply: cs HPBW PIM P-MP WE RS TS VSWR Central Station Half Power BeamWidth Passive InterModulation Point-to-Multipoint Radiation Pattern Envelope Repeater Station Terminal Station Voltage Standing Wave Ratio 4 Frequency bands The present document applies
43、to the frequency bands given in CEPT Recommendation T/R 13-01 Recommendation F.746-3 2 and ITU-R Recommendation F. 1098 3. i, ITU-R ETSI 8 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (2000-06) 5 Types of antennas 5.1 Antenna Types The present document addresses fixed beam antennas used in the central (CS) and terminal (
44、TS) stations including repeaters (RS). The antennas are used in a system which can generally be described as in figure 1: TS Exchange cs 5 TS RS Figure 1 : General Point-to-Multipoint System Architecture cs: Central Station, which is linked to all remote stations (repeater or terminal stations) by m
45、icrowave transmission paths. TS: Terminal Station (outstation with subscriber interfaces). RS: Repeater Station (radio repeater outstation with or without subscriber interfaces). A RS may serve one or more TSs. These antennas shall be grouped into the following Types: Central and repeater stations:
46、Omnidxectional; Sectored; Terminal stations: Directional, conforming to the requirements for TS antennas; Directional. ETSI 9 ETSI EN 301 525 V1.l.l (2000-06) 5.2 Antenna classif ications 5.2.1 Central Station (CS) Classes With respect to the azimuthal radiation pattern envelope (RPE), a number of C
47、lasses may be identified for central station (CS) sectored antennas, for example: - Class CS 1; - Class CS 2; - Class CS 3. Further Classes may be defined as required. These Classes allow flexibility for a variety of different systems, and may be generally appropriate for lower and higher density de
48、ployments. If appropriate, the definition of antenna Classes is given in subsequent parts of the present document. With respect to the azimuthal RPE for omnidirectional CS antennas, no requirement for separate Classes has been identified. 5.2.2 Terminal Station (TS) Classes With respect to the radia
49、tion pattern (RPE), a number of classes may be identified for terminal station (TS) directional antennas, for example: - Class TS 1: - Class TS 2: - Class TS 3. Further Classes may be defined as required. These Classes allow flexibility for a variety of different systems and deployment conditions. If appropriate, the definition of antenna Classes is given in subsequent parts of the present document. 6 E lect r cal c h a ract e r ist ics For the purpose of the present document, an antenna is specific to Type, Class, the frequency band of operation and the m
