1、 ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) Meteorological Aids (Met Aids); Radiosondes to be used in the 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz frequency range; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods EUROPEAN STANDARD ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 2 Reference REN/ERM-JTFEA-23 Keywords radio, testin
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6、ff.aspx Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization
7、of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2015. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trad
8、e Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminolog
9、y 5g3Introduction 6g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative references . 7g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Symbols 8g33.3 Abbreviations . 8g34 Technical requirement specifications . 8g34.1 Presentation of equipment for testing pur
10、poses 8g34.1.1 General Considerations . 8g34.1.2 Choice of model for testing 8g34.1.3 Testing of equipment with alternative power levels . 9g34.1.4 Testing of equipment that does not have an external 50 RF connector (integral antenna equipment) 9g34.1.4.1 Equipment with an internal permanent or temp
11、orary antenna connector 9g34.1.4.2 Equipment with an internal permanent antenna 9g34.2 Mechanical and electrical design 9g34.2.1 Marking (equipment identification) 9g34.2.1.1 Equipment identification . 9g34.2.1.2 Marking . 9g34.2.2 Auxiliary test equipment . 9g35 Test conditions, power sources and a
12、mbient temperatures 9g35.1 Normal and extreme test conditions . 9g35.2 Test power source . 10g35.2.1 External test power source 10g35.2.2 Internal test power source . 10g35.3 Normal test conditions 10g35.3.1 Normal temperature and humidity 10g35.3.2 Normal test power source . 10g35.4 Extreme test co
13、nditions 10g35.4.1 General 10g35.4.2 Procedure for tests at extreme conditions . 11g35.4.3 Special Radiosondes . 11g35.4.4 Extreme test source voltages . 11g35.4.4.1 Power sources using batteries . 11g35.4.4.2 Other power sources 11g36 General conditions 12g36.1 Test signals and modulation . 12g36.2
14、 Artificial antenna 12g36.3 Test fixture . 12g36.4 Test sites and general arrangements for radiated measurements 12g36.5 Modes of operation of the transmitter 12g36.6 Measuring receiver . 13g37 Methods of measurement and limits for transmitter parameters 13g37.1 General . 13g37.2 Frequency error 13g
15、37.2.1 Definitions 13g3ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 4 7.2.2 Method of measurement . 13g37.2.3 Limit . 13g37.3 Carrier power (conducted) 13g37.3.1 Definition 13g37.3.2 Method of measurement . 14g37.3.3 Limits 14g37.4 Effective radiated power 14g37.4.1 Definition 14g37.4.2 Methods of measur
16、ement 14g37.4.3 Limit . 15g37.5 Modulation bandwidth . 15g37.5.1 Definition 15g37.5.2 Method of measurement . 15g37.5.3 Limits 16g37.6 Spurious emissions . 16g37.6.1 Definition 16g37.6.2 Methods of measurement 16g37.6.2.1 Method of measuring the power level in a specified load, clause 7.6.2 a) i). 1
17、6g37.6.2.2 Method of measuring the effective radiated power, clause 7.6.2 a) ii) . 17g37.6.2.3 Method of measuring the effective radiated power, clause 7.6.2 b) 17g37.6.3 Limits 18g37.7 Frequency stability under low voltage conditions 18g37.7.1 Definition 18g37.7.2 Method of measurement . 18g37.7.3
18、Limits 18g3History 19g3ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-mem
19、bers, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant
20、to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document
21、. Foreword This European Standard (EN) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). For non-EU countries the present document may be used for regulatory (Type Approval) purposes. The present document is part 1 of a multi-part deliverab
22、le covering digitally modulated Radiosonde transmitters in the Meteorological Aids frequency band from 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz, as identified below: Part 1: “Technical characteristics and test methods“; Part 2: “Harmonised Standard covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the Directive
23、 2014/53/EU“. National transposition dates Date of adoption of this EN: 22 October 2015 Date of latest announcement of this EN (doa): 31 January 2016 Date of latest publication of new National Standard or endorsement of this EN (dop/e): 31 July 2016 Date of withdrawal of any conflicting National Sta
24、ndard (dow): 31 July 2017 Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions
25、). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 6 Introduction Meteorological aids, Radiosondes, are light weight, disposable precision measurement instruments mainly used for in situ upper air measurements of
26、 meteorological variables (pressure, temperature, relative humidity, wind speed and direction) in the atmosphere up to an altitude of 36 km. The measurements are vital to international weather forecasting capability (and hence severe weather warning services for the public involving protection of li
27、fe and property). The Radiosonde systems provide simultaneous measurements of the vertical profile of temperature, relative humidity as well as wind speed and direction. The variation of these meteorological variables in the vertical contains the majority of the critical information for weather fore
28、casting. These systems are the only meteorological observing systems able to regularly provide the vertical resolution that meteorologists need for all five variables. Typically the Radiosonde observations are produced by Radiosondes measuring atmosphere for approximately 2 hours and carried by asce
29、nding balloons launched from land stations or ships. Radiosonde observations are carried out routinely by almost all countries, two to four times a day. The observation data is then circulated immediately to all other countries within a few hours via the WMO (World Meteorological Organization) Globa
30、l Telecommunications System (GTS). The observing systems and data dissemination are all organized under the framework of the World Weather Watch Programme of WMO. The observation stations are required, worldwide, at a horizontal spacing of less than or equal to 250 km, during the first decade of the
31、 twenty-first century, with a frequency of observation of from one to four times per day. Remotely sensed measurements from satellites do not have the vertical resolution available from Radiosondes. Successful derivation of vertical temperature structure from these satellite measurements usually req
32、uires a computation initialized either directly from Radiosonde statistics or from the numerical weather forecast itself. In the latter case, the Radiosonde measurements ensure that the vertical structure in these forecasts remains accurate and stable with time. In addition, the Radiosonde measureme
33、nts are used to calibrate satellite observations by a variety of techniques. Radiosonde observations are thus seen to remain absolutely necessary for meteorological operations for the foreseeable future. Other applications, independent of the main civilian meteorological organizations include enviro
34、nmental pollution, hydrology, radioactivity in the free atmosphere, significant weather phenomena (e.g. winter storms, thunderstorms, etc.) and investigation of a range of physical and chemical properties of the atmosphere. About 150 000 Radiosondes are annually used in Europe, about 10 % of them ar
35、e in 1 680 MHz band. This use is not decreasing with time, since with modern automation it is now much easier to successfully operate systems without highly skilled operators and a large amount of supporting equipment. The Radiosondes use unidirectional transmission on two frequency bands: 403 MHz b
36、and covers primary and co-primary allocations from 400,15 MHz to 406 MHz and 1 680 MHz band from 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz. The 403 MHz Radiosonde technology applies GNSS (Global Navigation Satellite Systems) for wind measurement, whereas the 1 680 MHz systems may base the wind measurement on balloon
37、 tracking with a Radio Direction Finding antenna. Because the 403 MHz wind measurement depends on the availability of the GNSS signals, many operators do not consider this technology secure enough for critical applications (e.g. defence and national security), and consequently prefer 1 680 MHz syste
38、ms. According to Recommendation ITU-R SA.1745 i.1 the Mobile Satellite Service (MSS) is allocated in the band from 1 670 MHz to 1 675 MHz, and the sub band from 1 683 MHz to 1 690 MHz is used for meteorological satellite. Thus all administrations should strive to implement MetAids systems that limit
39、 their operations to the band 1 675 - 1 683 MHz for Radiosondes. National regulatory conditions may apply regarding the, channel/frequency separations, and the inclusion of an automatic transmitter shut-off feature as a condition of an individual or general license, or, as a condition of use under l
40、icense exemption. The automatic transmitter shut-off facility of the Radiosonde may be based on elapsed time from the beginning of the sounding, or atmospheric pressure or height measured by the Radiosonde. ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 7 1 Scope The present document defines the technical
41、requirements for transmitters used in Radiosondes operating in the range from 1 668,4 MHz to 1 690 MHz. 2 References 2.1 Normative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the
42、cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlin
43、ks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. 1 CISPR 16-1-1: “Specification for radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus and me
44、thods - Part 1-1: Radio disturbance and immunity measuring apparatus - Measuring apparatus“. 2 ETSI TS 103 052 (V1.1.1) (03-2011): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radiated measurement methods and general arrangements for test sites up to 100 GHz“. 3 ETSI EN 300 440-1
45、 (V1.6.1) (08-2010): “Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Short range devices; Radio equipment to be used in the 1 GHz to 40 GHz frequency range; Part 1: Technical characteristics and test methods“. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by
46、date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause wer
47、e valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 Recommendation ITU-R SA.1745: “Use of the band 1
48、 668.4-1 710 MHz by the meteorological aids service and meteorological-satellite service (space-to-Earth)“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: conducted measurements: measurements, which are ma
49、de using a direct 50 connection to the EUT dedicated antenna: removable antenna supplied and tested with the radio equipment, designed as an indispensable part of the EUT integral antenna: permanent fixed antenna, which may be built-in, designed as an indispensable part of the equipment radiated measurements: measurements, which involve the absolute measurement of a radiated field ETSI ETSI EN 302 454-1 V1.2.1 (2015-10) 8 telemetry: use of radio communication for recording measurement or other data at a distance 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present docume
