1、 ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06) millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT); V-band street level interference analysis Disclaimer The present document has been produced and approved by the millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT) ETSI Industry Specification Group (ISG) and represents the views of those members w
2、ho participated in this ISG. It does not necessarily represent the views of the entire ETSI membership. GROUP SPECIFICATION ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)2 Reference DGS/mWT-004 Keywords mWT, V-band ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fa
3、x: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org/standards-search The present document may be made available in electronic ver
4、sions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only prevailing document is
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6、ilable at https:/portal.etsi.org/TB/ETSIDeliverableStatus.aspx If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: https:/portal.etsi.org/People/CommiteeSupportStaff.aspx Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by
7、 any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all med
8、ia. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2016. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organization
9、al Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4g3Foreword . 4g3Modal verbs terminology 4g3Executive summary 4g3Introduction 4g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative refere
10、nces . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Symbols 7g33.3 Abbreviations . 7g34 Equipment and propagation characteristics 8g34.1 Equipment and RF 8g34.2 Capacities and requirements . 8g34.3 Propagation: oxygen absorption - loss 9g35 Li
11、nk Planning . 10g35.1 Model used . 10g36 Link calculations - geometrical approach. 10g36.1 Physical analysis 10g36.1.1 Single link- LoS -Mainbeam . 10g36.1.2 Interference area . 20g36.1.3 Urban Streets geometry 22g36.2 Conclusions on the geometrical approach 25g37 Statistical models 25g37.1 Introduc
12、tion 25g37.1.1 Simulation highlights 25g37.1.2 Interference criteria . 26g37.2 Backhaul implemented by FS links only 27g37.2.1 Introduction. 27g37.2.2 Simulations . 27g37.2.3 Conclusions on statistical simulation 31g3Annex A (informative): Bibliography . 33g3Annex B (informative): Authors Essential,
13、 or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by
14、 ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Group Specification (GS) has been produced by ETSI Industry Specification
15、 Group (ISG) millimetre Wave Transmission (mWT). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the e
16、xpression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Executive summary The present document is related to the evaluation of interference that is expected to affect Fixed Service (FS) links, operating at street level in Radio Freque
17、ncy (RF) band 57 - 66 GHz, (so called V-band), which is widely subject to unlicensed or light licensed regimes for part below 64 GHz. The interference level in such conditions is a function of network density, equipment and antenna characteristics, available Bandwidth (BW). In particular, the probab
18、ilistic analysis made with the SEAMCATtool, and the equipment and antennas designed according to the ETSI EN 302 217 multipart standard i.1 and i.2, show that, provided that a limited number of channels (5 to 10) are available, with limited channel BW ( 200 to 400 MHz), the operations of very high d
19、ensity networks with link density of up to about 200 links / km2, to transmit high transmission capacities (in the order of 1 GHz/s per channel), are achieving acceptable confidence levels of operations (less than 2 % interference probability). Antenna class 2 RPE is proven to be already enough effe
20、ctive. NOTE: SEAMCAT is the trade name of a product supplied by the European Communications Office (ECO) This information is given for the convenience of users of the present document and does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of the product named. Equivalent products may be used if they can be
21、shown to lead to the same results. Introduction The specific characteristics of the V-band, concerning propagation and licensing, implies further analysis for understanding the condition of usage in specified environments. While the high propagation loss due to oxygen absorption is expected to simpl
22、ify frequency reuse and interference related impairments, the widespread adoption of licensing regimes, not generally link-by-link based, implies that it is not generally possible to implement an interference control mechanism based on the knowledge of the characteristics of links in a common geogra
23、phic area. ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)5 For same reasons, even in the case a block license is assigned, the licensee can experience difficulties in undertaking this activity, due to the difficulty of knowing if other services, apart from FS, are also using the band in some locations. In an
24、y case, the user of the block needs to evaluate, in relation with the block size, how much the block can be used in term of exploitable link density. The present document is intended to clarify these issues and aims to provide some general considerations and guidance. ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (20
25、16-06)6 1 Scope The present document examines the application of radio links in the V-band frequencies, in urban applications, with special regard to interference issues, taking into account equipment characteristics, propagation issues and expected requirements. Wherever possible, punctual and stat
26、istical analyses are performed and applicability of calculation methods is investigated. The purpose of the present document is to investigate the feasibility of using unlicensed band by analysing interference levels in co-channels and adjacent channels in dense deployment of Point to Point (PP) rad
27、io at the street level, taking into considerations equipment characteristics, capacities and BW requirements, standards, available channels, antennas, available standards and propagation: - oxygen absorption; - loss and modelling. 2 References 2.1 Normative references References are either specific
28、(identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not foun
29、d to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are necessary for the ap
30、plication of the present document. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest v
31、ersion of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)7 The following referenced documents are not necessary
32、for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI EN 302 217-3: “Fixed Radio Systems; Characteristics and requirements for point-to-point equipment and antennas; Part 3: Equipment operating in frequency bands where both frequency
33、coordinated or uncoordinated deployment might be applied; Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R Characteristics and requirements for point-to-point equipment and antennas; Part 4-2: Antennas; Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the
34、R Characteristics and requirements for point-to-point equipment and antennas; Part 4-1: System-dependent requirements for antennas“. i.9 SEAMCATSpectrum Engineering Advanced Monte Carlo Analysis. NOTE: Available at: http:/www.seamcat.org/. i.10 ITU-R Recommendation P.452: “Prediction procedure for t
35、he evaluation of interference between stations on the surface of the Earth at frequencies above about 0.1 GHz“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: Void. 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the pres
36、ent document, the following symbols apply: C/I Carrier-to-interference Ratio I/N Interference-To-Noise Ratio P.Out Output Power Rx ReceiverTx Transmitter 3.3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ATPC Adaptive Transmitter Power Control BW BandWidt
37、h ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)8 C Carrier dBi dB relative to an isotropic radiator DFS Dynamic Frequency Selection FR Frequency Range FS Fixed ServiceG antenna Gain I Interferer LoS Line of Sight N Noise PP Point-to-Point RF Radio Frequency RPE Reference Pattern Envelope RSL Received Signal
38、 Level thr threshold QAM Quadrature Amplitude Modulation QPSK Quadrature Phase Shift Keying 4 Equipment and propagation characteristics 4.1 Equipment and RF Link calculation has been executed starting from different equipment characteristics with different modulation schemes. The following assumptio
39、ns were made, based on ETSI EN 302 217-3 i.1 for equipment in the 64 - 66 RF band: Transmitter (Tx) power = +10 dBm Quadrature Phase Shift Keying (QPSK), 16 Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) and 64QAM modulation schemes are considered. Receiver (Rx) threshold: 4 QPSK: -65,5 dBm 16QAM: -58,5 dBm
40、64QAM: -52,5 dBm Carrier-to-interference Ratio (C/I) (1 dB degradation): 4 QPSK = 24 dB 16QAM = 31 dB 64QAM = 38 dB C/I (3 dB degradation): 4 QPSK = 15 dB 64QAM = 29 dB Channel size: 200 MHz Channels have been used, obtained by joining 4 consecutive 50 MHz basic channels. 4.2 Capacities and requirem
41、ents Modulation schemes adopted in the examples are QPSK, 16QAM and 64QAM, corresponding to capacities in the order of 300 Mbit/s to 1 Gbit/s. Parameters and Objectives: Availability has only been accounted for two values: 99,9 %, 99,99 %. Values in this range are commonly used when unlicensed spect
42、rum use is considered, and are coherent with the general approach of objectives apportionment expressed by the ITU-T (e.g. Recommendation ITU-T G.826 i.7) ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)9 for end-to-end paths, where less relaxed objectives are allowed to the edge (terminating) sections in comp
43、arison with the transit portions, where much higher requirements are needed to allow for proper end-to-end figures. Rain rate: Three values for rain rate have been used from low to moderate: 30 mm/h, 42 mm/h, 60 mm/h. Antennas: - Antennas - RPE have been calculated according to Recommendation ITU-R
44、F.699 i.4 and ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 i.2. - Antenna gain: Two gain values have been considered: 38 dBi; 32 dBi. In order to be relatively close to real devices, characteristics in the main lobe have been done in accordance with Recommendation ITU-R F.699 i.4, while Reference Pattern Envelope (RPE) outs
45、ide the main lobe has been obtained as a realistic compromise between ITU-R and ETSI, since ETSI does not provide values for mainlobe. An example of the RPE derivation is shown in figure 4.2.1 (38 dBi, ETSI EN 302 217-4-2 i.2 FR7 class 3). Figure 4.2.1: RPE derivation 4.3 Propagation: oxygen absorpt
46、ion - loss Effect of gas absorption can be found in Recommendation ITU-R P.676 i.5. Figures 4.3.1 and 4.3.2 show current values according to version in force (Recommendation ITU-R P.676-10) i.5. Figure 4.3.1: total attenuation ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)10 Figure 4.3.2: attenuation 5 Link
47、Planning 5.1 Model used Initial calculations have been performed based on a single link in Line of Sight (LoS) condition: - Analysis of expected hop length has been performed. - Analysis of interference areas in same conditions are reported. 6 Link calculations - geometrical approach 6.1 Physical an
48、alysis 6.1.1 Single link- LoS -Mainbeam Effect of frequency /Effect of rain The maximum hop length corresponding to 99,9 % of availability have been computed for QPSK, 16QAM, 64QAM with a 32 dBi and 38 dBi antennas, at three rain rates as above. Three different oxygen attenuations have been used (4,
49、1 / 12,8 / 14,6 dB/km) representing different frequency (58, 61,5 and 65 GHz) of the considered V band. Related diagrams are shown in figures 6.1.1.1 and 6.1.1.2. Same results are shown with 99,99 % availability (figures 6.1.1.3 and 6.1.1.4). ETSI ETSI GS mWT 004 V1.1.1 (2016-06)11 0510152025300 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000FadeMargin (dB)Max length (km)Necessary Fade Margin vs Hop LengthAvail.FM (Case 1): 200 MHz Ch. - QPSK - TX: 4 dBm - Ant.: 32/32 dB -Losses: 0 dB - Thr.: -65.5 dBmAvail.FM (Case 2): 200 MHz Ch. -
