1、II 3404583 O326743 546 = Released: September, 1994 GSM 12.00 Version: 4.2.1 Date: 1 July, 1994 Source: ETSI TC-SMG Reference: 12.00 UDC: Key words: European digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2); Objectives and structure of GSM PLMN management ETSI European Telecornmunications Standar
2、ds Institute ETSI Secretariat Postai address: 06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Office address: Route des Lucioles - Sophia Antipolis - Valbonne - FRANCE Tel.: +33 92 94 42 O0 - Fax: +33 93 65 47 16 European Telecommunications Standards Institute 1994. All rights resewed. No part may be reproduc
3、ed except as authorised by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction on reproduction extend to all media in which the information may be embodied. 3404583 0326744 482 Page 2 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 Whilst every care has been taken in the preparation and publication of this docu
4、ment, errors in content, typographical or otherwise, may occur. If you have comments concerning its accuracy, please write to “ETSI Editing and Standards Approval Dept.“ at the address shown on the title page. . U 3404583 OL2b745 319 Page 3 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 Contents 1 General 7 1.1 Scope . 7
5、1.2 Field Of Application . 7 1.3 Approach 8 1.4 Definitions . 8 1.5 Abbreviations . 9 1.6 References . 9 2 Objectives Of Operations. Administration - transmission systems; - restoration systems; - - digital and analogue exchanges; - area networks: - - signalling terminals and systems; - bearer servi
6、ces and teleservices; - - software applications; - associated support systems; - the TMN itself. public and private networks (including mobilei; operations systems and their peripherals; circuit and packet switched networks; software provided by or associated with telecommunications services; (For a
7、 comprehensive view of the field of application of the TMN, refer to draft CCITT rec M.3010 51 Previous page is blank 3404583 OL2b75L bL2 W page 10 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 By extension, the field of application includes radio base station systems and all other components of the PLMN. Typically a PLM
8、N is a telecommunications system consisting of several functional units necessary to perform mobile telecommunications services. These functional units include: - Location Registers (LR); - Home Location Register(s1 (HLR); - Visitor Location Register(s) (VLR); - Mobile-services Switching Centrek) (M
9、SC); - Base Station Systems (BSS); - Mobile Stations (MS); - Equipment Identity Register (EIR); - Authentication Centre (AUC); - Interworking units; - Transcoders; - Transmission equipment; - Echo Suppression equipment. It should be noted that several of the above mentioned functional units may be c
10、olocated or even be accommodated in the same physical implementation. 1.3 Approach In order to achieve the above aim, the GSM 12 series of specifications has been devised, taking into account the following: - GSM system philosophy, as given by the GSM O1 to 11 series of specifications, which define
11、key functional areas. - Relevant standardization work on network management and open systems management (as well as its realization, Telecommunications Management Network, TMN) already carried out by SO, CCITT, ETSI etc. Existing operator and manufacturer experience in the management (Le. operating,
12、 maintaining, administering) of telecommunication networks. - Accordingly, this specification, and the other specifications of the 12-senes, should adhere to the following guidelines: - There must be internal consistency of the 12 series with the relevant system aspects given in O1 to 11 series Spec
13、s., so that a commonly agreed view of the realization of a PLMN emerges. Avoidance of “re-writing“ existing recommendations and specifications, but only referencing those applicable as far as possible. However, to ensure harmony with any such existing documents, some general items, such as definitio
14、ns and figures may be reproduced within the 12 series if they are deemed important or helpful in establishing a common understanding. Analysis of current network management concepts and experience both with a top-down and bottom-up approach, so that a comprehensive and realistic management Concept e
15、merges. - - 1.4 Definitions As far as possible, terminology is aligned with ETSI dETFUNA43201 - CCITT, TMN Vocabulary. page 11 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 1.5 Abbreviations Abbreviations used in this specification are expanded in Annex 2. 1.6 References All documents referred to in this specification ar
16、e listed in Annex 1. References are denoted by a reference number in square brackets. e.g. p, within the text. Annex 1 also contains references to other documents related to TMN and Open Systems Management. For referenced GSM Specifications, refer to the comprehensive synopsis of GSM 01.01 “General
17、Structure of GSM Recommendations“. 3404583 0326753 475 page 12 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 2 Objectives Of Operations, Administration Inter-PLMN operation of the mobile system; Information on the Quality of Service provided. 2.1.1 Standardized OAM Functionality If Operators wish to make use of the advan
18、tages in procurement of a standardized PLMN, there is also a need for standardization of OAM functions to allow proper interworking of management for network elements from different manufacturers. To restrict neither the Operator nor the manufacturer, the standardization provides a logically structu
19、red framework for the necessary fundions with freedom for supplementary additions and room for particular expansions and future evolution. This can be achieved by a management system, defined by a logical concept with the goal of true implementation. The 12-series of Specifications defines a functio
20、nal architecture with immediate relevance to the management of a PLMN using aktgically structured functional model. Standardization is introduced in those areas where it is felt to be appropriate (utilizing accepted techniques) with reference to the work of other TMN and Systems Management standardi
21、zation groups. Management functions can be classified in terms of their level of definition, to facilitate the objectives of GSM. These are described in the following paragraphs. a) Operational standardization Functions included here are those necessary to support inter-PLMN roaming and network inte
22、rworking with other PLMNs or other networks. b) Multi-vendor environment standardisation If a PLMN Operator wishes to operate in a multi-vendor environment, management functions and interfaces must be standardised to allow common modes of operation. This may include performance data collection, mess
23、age format standards, security methodologies and consistency of maintenance approach. m 3404583 0326754 321 m page 13 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 c) PLMN management facilities Functional areas within the control of a PLMN Operator are recommended for standardisation but particular Operator requirements
24、will impinge on the extent of the possible definition. d) Specific PLMN management or national requirements These are considered to be outside of the scope of standardization. It is therefore necessary to determine three immediate levels of optional implementation criteria for the management functio
25、ns described and defined in this series of specifications: Mandatory - the implementation of the function must accord with the definition to allow successful working and inter-working of the PLMN. Standard Option - implementation of the function is optional but, if implemented, the definition contai
26、ned in the 12-series must be employed. Optional -the feature is described but both the use of the feature and the implementation method are optional. 2.1.2 Inter-Network Operation Inter-Network operations include: - operation between PLMNs (of the same type) with Operators in different countries; -
27、(inter-PLMN) operation between PLMN(s) (of the same type) with Operator(s) in the same country; - operation (interworking) with existing or future partner networks, e.g. ISDN, PSTN, PCN; - the provision of facilities for necessary and/or desirable information exchange between PLMN Operators (e.g. ch
28、arging and accounting information, statistical data, information for resolving customers complaints, blacklisted IMEIs). Functions identified as essential for international and inter-PLMN operation, therefore, will be mandatory for the GSM network management system. Desirable functions will be optio
29、nal in use but are included in the system definition. The exchange of information related to service functionality may be subject to inter-Operator agreement and is outside of the scope of this series of specifications. 2.1.3 Quality Of Service The service expectations of GSM are described in variou
30、s GSM ETSs and ETRs (see 40 to 44). This section concentrates on the network Quality of Service philosophy as described in CCITT rec. E.800 39. The PLMN Operator will be required to establish QoS criteria and objectives in the context of the service levels to be provided to customers and as expectat
31、ions of the network infrastructure. It will be necessary to compare these with data gained by monitoring the performance of services, by customer complaints, or by monitoring the technical performance of the network in order to initiate improvements (e.g. by reconfiguration of resources or initiatio
32、n of maintenance actions). page 14 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 It may be noted that the technical performance of the network can be monitored but does not necessarily reflect the service performance from the customer point of view. This applies particularly to mobile services as provided by the PLMN. 2.
33、2 Targets of the OAM of a PLMN The operations and maintenance system within the context of a TMN shall have the capabilities needed to allow a PLMN to be operated and maintained efficiently while providing service in accordance with a PLMN Operatots performance requirements. Operations and maintenan
34、ce directly impact upon the cost of owning and running the system. It is understood that these expenditures should not be greater than the comparable cost of existing systems. In order to reduce total (lifetime) costs of a PLMN and to balance quality of service against operating and maintenance cost
35、s the network should have: - - - an easy to enlarge hardware configuration (e.g. modules); a functionally structured software configuration which can be easily modified, if necessary, and provides for simple error detection; simple man-machine interfaces and a simple man-machine language for the OAM
36、 areas; the ability of controlling itself as far as possible; operations personnel should only have to supervise the reported events and reactions of the network; a low failure rate andlor immunity to faults (e.g. redundancy); simplified maintenance interventions and measures not requiring extensive
37、 training of maintenance personnel; rationalized spare parts and repair service, keeping down the cost of non-active equipment while achieving the quality required; - - - - This target OAM environment will support the Quality of Service objectives across all of the network services provided by the P
38、LMN Operator. 2.3 The service and business areas of a PLMN Although the definition of the Service and Business functionality of the PLMN is not within the scope of the 12-series of specifications, there are potential interfaces which have to be considered between Service processes and functions and
39、the PMN management. As the prime objective of the network operator is to collect revenue from the services offered, these interfaces and their requirements cannot be ignored. The service area, in conjunction with the business area, is concerned with five key aspects: a. the administration of subscri
40、bers; b. c. d. e. the collection of charges from subscribers; the collection of revenue from other operators; the maximisation of revenue from the network resources; and, provision of support to subscribers. 2.3.1 Adminisation of subsmbers Subscriber administration shall consist of an efficient mean
41、s to: a. b. connect service for a subscriber; test such service including any features; m 3404583 OL2b75b IT4 m page 15 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 c. upgrade services; and, d. discontinue service. Connection of service can be a complex issue involving agents for the production and distribution of Subsc
42、riber Identity Module (SIM) cards, associated PIN numbers and other security checks. Integrated systems must be in place to allow services to be offered as soon as the subscriber requests it. The service offered must be testable at the point of sale to ensure that the subscriber can use the service
43、as soon as possible. The subscriber must be able to enjoy new services when available without the need for the mobile station to be returned to the supplier for software change or upgrade. It is possible that a subscriber may have service disconnected. This disconnection is a cost overhead which mus
44、t be made efficiently while retaining the potential to re-establish service simply and easily. 2.3.2 Billing The collection of revenue is imperative to the business. Therefore, recording mechanisms must be considered as vital, in ternis of logical and physical design. Billing record accuracy is para
45、mount to this, with every record containing enough data to effectively bill the subscriber and minimise any potential error which can cause a discrepancy and non-payment of the bill. 2.3.3 Inter-Operator Accounting Any portion of a call which is handled by a pari of a PLMN may be charged for. Polici
46、es exist for accounting between operators but mechanisms are required to implement these policies. It is essential that Division of Revenue information is accurate and unambiguous to prevent any discrepancies in inter-operator charging. 2.3.4 Maximising revenue from PLMN resources The PLMN consists
47、of many and diverse resources. In order to maximise operational revenues, the utilization of such resources must be managed. It is this key area where the information from the network is passed to the business tools for analysis. The outcome of such analysis is that changes to the network configurat
48、ion may be implemented. PLMN management plays a major part in providing the initial information and the services to implement those business requirements. 2.3.5 Customer Services The PLMN operator must provide support for the subscribers. This support may consist of: a. repair service; b. directory
49、enquiries; c. billing information; d. e. the provision of new features; assistance in using the service; etc. The ingenuity of the operator with customer service operations can act as both a generator of revenue and a market differentiator. In order to provide such services, the operators = 3404583 0126757 O30 9 page 16 GSM 12.00 version 4.2.1 organization must be integrated with the core network to ensure seamless information transfer. 2.4 The maintenance area of a PLMN Maintenance is the adion necessary to maintain the required Quality of Service of the PLMN. Maintenanc
