1、ETSI TR 101 329-7 2.1.1 (2002-02) Technical Repor Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON systems; Part 7: Design guide for elements of a TIPHON connection from an end-to-end speech transmission performance poin
2、t of view 2 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1 (2002-02) Reference RTR/TI PHON-0501 4 Keywords coding, E-model, internet, IP, network, performance, planning, protocol, QoS, quality, speech, transmission, voice ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-O6921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33
3、 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:l/w.etsi .orq The present document may be made available in more than one
4、electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive
5、 within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at 3 If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: Cori vriaht
6、 Notifica tion No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2002. All rights reserved. ETSI 3 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1 (2002-02) Contents Intell
7、ectual Property Rights . .5 Introduction . .6 1 Scope 7 2 References . .7 3 Definitions and abbreviations. . .8 3.1 Definitions . . 8 3.2 Abbreviations . 9 4 General considerations . 1 O 4.1 Transmission planning . 11 User interaction . . 11 4.2 Maintenance . 11 4.3 4.4 Monitoring Essential, orpoten
8、tially Essential, IPRs notlJied to ETSI in respect ofETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (5). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be gi
9、ven as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR O00 3 14 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Project Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harm
10、onization Over Networks (TIPHON). The present document is part 7 of a multi-part deliverable covering End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON systems, as identified below: TR 101 329-1: TS 101 329-2: TS 101 329-3: TS 101 329-5: TR 101 329-6: “General aspects of Quality of Service (QoS)“; “Definition
11、 of speech Quality of Service (QoS) classes“; “Signalling and control of end-to-end Quality of Service (QoS)“; “Quality of Service (QoS) measurement methodologies“; “Actual measurements of network and terminal characteristics and performance parameters in TIPHON networks and their influence on voice
12、 quality“; “Design guide for elements of a TIPHON connection from an end-to-end speech transmission performance point of view“. TR 101 329-7: Quality of Service aspects of TIPHON Release 4 and 5 Systems will be covered in TS 102 024 and TS 102 025 respectively, and more comprehensive versions of the
13、 Release 3 documents listed above will be published as part of Releases 4 and 5 as work progresses. ETSI 6 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1 (2002-02) I n t rod uct ion The present document forms one of a series of technical specifications and technical reports produced by TIPHON Working Group 5 addressing Q
14、uality of Service (QoS) in TIPHON Systems. The structure of this work is illustrated in figure 1. Introduction TR 101 329-1 General Aspects of QoS Definition of 5 Speech Classes TS 101 329-2 Speech QoS Classes f GenericQoS Specific Aspects of QoS TS 101 329-3 QoS Control TS 101 329-5 Measure- ment M
15、ethods TR 101 329-6 Actual Test Results TR 101 329-7 Design Guidelines QoS signalling requirements Measurement methodologies Repository of real test results Useful info for designers Figure 1: Structure of TIPHON QoS Documentation for Release 3 For a concise understanding of the guidance provided in
16、 the present document it is strongly recommended that the reader be aware of the content of the most recent version of TS 101 329-6 3 which is a repository of real results. Figure 2: Void ETSI 7 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1 (2002-02) 1 Scope The present document provides a collection of informative back
17、ground information and guidance to supplement parts 1 to part 6 of TS 101 329. The issues covered concern the practical design phases for both equipment and networks with respect to speech performance, and therefore is relevant to TIPHON equipment manufacturers, service providers and network designe
18、rs. 2 Re fe re nces For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR) the following references apply: il ETSI TS 101 329-2: “Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON Systems; Part 2: Definition of Speech Quality of
19、Service (QoS) Classes“. ETSI TS 101 329-5: “Telecommunications and Internet protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON Systems; Part 5: Quality of Service (QoS) measurement methodologies“. ETSI TS 101 329-6: “Telecommunications and Internet Proto
20、col Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 3; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON systems; Part 6: Actual measurements of network and terminal characteristics and performance parameters in TIPHON networks and their influence on voice quality“. 21 31 41 51 ITU-T Recommendation G. 100: “Defi
21、nitions used in Recommendations on general characteristics of international telephone connections and circuits“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 122: “Influence of national systems on stability and talker echo in international connections“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 13 1 : “Control of talker echo“. ITU-T Reco
22、mmendation G. 1 1 1 : “Loudness ratings (LRs) in an international connection“. ITU-T Recommendations P.64: “Determination of sensitivity/frequency characteristics of local telephone systems“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 109: “Definition of categories of speech transmission quality“. ITU-T Recommendation
23、 G.726: “40, 32,24, 16 kbit/s adaptive differential pulse code modulation (ADPCM)“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 1 14: “One-way transmission time“. ETSI I-ETS 300 245-2: “Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Technical characteristics of telephony terminals; Part 2: PCM A-law handset telephony“. IT
24、U-T Recommendation P.800: “Methods for subjective determination of transmission quality“. ITU-T Recommendation P.3 10: “Transmission characteristics for telephone-band (300-3400 Hz) digital telephones“. ANSUTIMEIA-8 1 O-A-2000: “Telecommunications-Telephone Terminal Equipment-Transmission Requiremen
25、ts for Narrowband“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 168: “Digital network echo cancellers“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 107: “The E-Model, a computational model for use in transmission planning“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 1 13 : “Transmission impairments due to speech processing“. ETSI 8 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1
26、(2002-02) i91 ETSI EG 201 050: “Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ); Overall Transmission Plan Aspects for Telephony in a Private Network“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 108: “Application of the E-model: A planning guide“. ETSI ETR 250: “Transmission and Multiplexing (TM); Speech com
27、munication quality from mouth to ear for 3,l kHz handset telephony across networks“. POI 211 221 ITU-T Recommendation P.833 : “Methodology for derivation of equipment impairment factors from subjective listening?only tests“. 3 3.1 Definitions and abbreviations De fi nit ions For the purposes of the
28、present document, the following terms and definitions apply: dBm: power level with reference to 1 mW dBmO: at the reference frequency (1 020 Hz), L dBmO represents an absolute power level of L dBm measured at the transmission reference point (O dBr point), and a level of L + x dBm measured at a poin
29、t having a relative level of x dBr NOTE: See ITU-T Recommendation G. 100 4, annex A.4. echo: unwanted signal delayed to such a degree that it is perceived as distinct from the wanted signal talker echo: echo produced by reflection near the listeners end of a connection, and disturbing the talker lis
30、tener echo: echo produced by double reflected signals and disturbing the listener Loudness Rating (LR): as used in the G-Series Recommendations for planning; loudness rating is an objective measure of the loudness loss, i.e. a weighted, electro-acoustic loss between certain interfaces in the telepho
31、ne network If the circuit between the interfaces is subdivided into sections, the sum of the individual section LRs is equal to the total LR. In loudness rating contexts, the subscribers are represented from a measuring point of view by an artificial mouth and an artificial ear respectively, both be
32、ing accurately specified. NOTE: Overall Loudness Rating (OLR): loudness loss between the speaking subscribers mouth and the listening subscribers ear via a connection Talker Echo Loudness Rating (TELR): loudness loss of the speakers voice sound reaching his ear as a delayed echo NOTE: See ITU-T Reco
33、mmendation G.122 5, clause 4.2 and ITU-T Recommendation G. 13 1 6, figure 1.1. Terminal Coupling Loss weighted (TCLw): weighted coupling loss between the receiving port and the sending port of a terminal due to acoustical coupling at the user interface, electrical coupling due to crosstalk in the ha
34、ndset cord or within the electrical circuits, seismic coupling through the mechanical parts of the terminal NOTE: For a digital handset it is commonly in the order of 40 db to 46 dB. weighted Terminal Coupling Loss-single talk (TCLwst): weighted loss between Rin and Sout network interfaces when AEC
35、is in normal operation, and when there is no signal coming from the user weighted Terminal Coupling Loss-double talk (TCLwdt): weighted loss between Rin and Sout network interfaces when AEC is in normal operation, and when the local user and the far-end user talk simultaneously Send Loudness Rating
36、(SLR) (from ITU-T Recommendation G.111): loudness loss between the speaking subscribers mouth and an electric interface in the network NOTE: The loudness loss is defined here as the weighted (dB) average of driving sound pressure to measured voltage. The weighted mean value for ITU-T Recommendations
37、 G. 11 1 7 and G. 121 (see Bibliography) is 7 to 15 in the short term, 7 to 9 in the long term. The rating methodology is described in ITU-T Recommendations P.64 SI, P.76 (see Bibliography) and P.79 (see Bibliography). ETSI 9 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1 (2002-02) Receive Loudness Rating (RLR) (from ITU
38、-T Recommendation G.111): loudness loss between an electric interface in the network and the listening subscribers ear NOTE: The loudness loss is here defined as the weighted (dB) average of driving e.m.f. to measured sound pressure. The weighted mean value for ITU-T Recommendations G. 11 1 7 and G.
39、 121 (see Bibliography) is 1 to 6 in the short term, 1 to 3 in the long term. The rating methodology is described in ITU-T Recommendations P.64 SI, P.76 (see Bibliography), P.79 (see Bibliography). Circuit Loudness Rating (CLR): loudness loss between two electrical interfaces in a connection or circ
40、uit, each interface terminated by its nominal impedance which may be complex toll quality: In general “toll quality“ is a term which is not well defined. Currently, there are two different views: ITU-T Recommendation G. 109 9 provides the following guidance: “Finally, to relate the definitions provi
41、ded by this Recommendation to concepts and terminology used in the past, a comment about “toll quality“ is in order. “Toll quality“ has been used by many different people to mean different things, but to network planners it really meant that technology being introduced into the network was robust to
42、 the effects of transmission impairments from other sources, and could thus be used in many configurations where inter-working with other systems would be necessary. In this context, the term “toll quality“ does not have any absolute relation to speech transmission quality today, because, for exampl
43、e, the impairments of systems such as wireless access or packet-based transport will have the same impact regardless of whether on a local or a long-distance connection. Instead, the terminology provided here is recommended (i.e. “best“ for R in the range from 90 to 100, “high“ in the range from 80
44、to 90 and “medium“ in the range from 70 to Experts on low bit-rate coding (members of ITU-T Study Group 16 and SQEG) use the following explanation: “In summary, we defie toll quality as equivalent to wire-line telephone quality. Basically the 32 kb/s ADPCM (ITU-T Recommendation G.726 101) is conside
45、red to be a toll quality coder, and when some low rate coders get standardized in ITU-T, 32 kb/s ADPCM is used as reference, and if a low rate coder produce equivalent performance to the 32 kb/s ADPCM, then this is considered to be toll quality.“ Consequently, at this time the term “toll quality“ sh
46、ould be considered as an internal term of speech coder experts only which is obsolete and which should be avoided in conjunction with the TIPHON QoS documentation. TIPHON equipment manufacturers and network designers should rather use the Quality Categories defined in ITU-T Recommendation G. 109 9 o
47、r the QoS Classes specified in TIPHON (TS 101 329-2 i). NOTE: Harmonization of the views regarding the term “toll quality“ are envisaged to be discussed during the Study Period 200 1-2004. 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ACR ADSL AEC ALC
48、 ALC ASL ATM DCME DTMF DTX ECD GSM EFR GSM FR GSM HR GSM Absolute Category Rating Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Acoustic Echo Control Automatic Level Control Automatic Level Control Active Speech input Level Asynchronous Transfer Mode Digital Circuit Multiplication Equipment Dual Tone Multi Fre
49、quency Discontinuous Transmission Echo Control Devices GSM Enhanced Full Rate Speech Coder GSM Full Rate Speech Coder GSM Half Rate Speech Coder Global System for Mobile communications ETSI 10 ETSI TR 101 329-7 V2.1.1 (2002-02) IP ISDN ISP IWF LAN MOS MPLS NIC NS PPP PSTN RSVP RTP SBM SCN TCP TRM UDP VAD VAD VDSL VED VOIP VTOA WAN XDSL QOS Internet Protocol Integrated Services Digital Network Internet Service Provider Inter Working Function Local Area Network Mean Opinion Score Multi Protocol Layer Switching Network Interface Card Noise suppressors P
