1、ETSI TR 102 155 1.1.1 (2003-04) Technical Repor Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP interworking over satellite; Addressing and routing 2 ETSI TR 102 155 VI .I .I (2003-04) Reference DTR/SES-00072 Keywords addressing, broadband, internet, interworking, sate
2、llite, IP, multimedia, VPN ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-O6921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies
3、of the present document can be downloaded from: http:lwmv.etsi .arq The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PD
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6、iction extend to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTMand UMTSTMare Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for
7、 the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI 3 ETSI TR 102 155 VI .I .I (2003-04) Contents Intellectual Property Rights . Foreword . 6 .6 . Introduction .6 1 Scope 7 5.1 5.1.1 5.1.1.1 5.1.1.2 5.1.1
8、.2.1 5.1.1.2.2 5.1.1.2.3 5.1.1.3 5.1.1.3.1 5.1.1.3.2 5.1.1.3.3 5.1.1.4 5.1.1.5 5.1.1.5.1 5.1.1.5.2 5.1.1.5.3 5.1.2 5.1.2.1 5.1.2.1.1 5.1.2.2 5.1.2.2.1 5.2 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.4.1 5.2.4.2 5.2.4.2.1 5.2.4.2.2 5.2.4.2.3 5.2.4.3 5.2.5 5.2.6 5.2.6.1 5.3 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.3.1 5.3.3.2 2 Referen
9、ces . .7 4 Overview 12 4.1 Assumptions and requirements 4.2 Reference model . 5 Background to IP addressing and routing 13 3 Abbreviations . 1 O 12 12 IP addressing . . 13 . 14 . 14 IPv4 add;essing issue . Classful addressing . addresses.Sub-networking . 15 Extended-network-prefix and the Subnet Mas
10、k . Variable Length Subnet Masks (VLSM) Private Network Addressing . Classless Inter-Domain Routing (CIDR) . Address allocation strategy. Hierarchical routing aggregat . 17 Difficulties with CIDR . Multicast addressing . Domain Name System (DNS) DNS name structure . DNS servers and their databases .
11、 DNS relationship with the BSM . Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). Network Address Translation (NAT). Almost all remaini . 15 . 15 . 15 . 16 . 17 Unicast address management . DHCP over satellite Problems with NAT . .22 .22 .24 .24 .24 .25 forwarding processes IP routing processes Static ro
12、uting . Dynamic routing . . Routing algorithms Routing protocols Use of cost metrics Interior Gateway Protocols. . . 25 OSPF and the Hello protocol . . 25 Multicast routing . . 26 . .27 Address Resolution . .27 AR at satellite interface for customer networks . Relationship of BSMS with Autonomous Sy
13、stems . . 28 . . 28 BSMS as a demarcation zone . 29 BSMS as an Autonomous System . 30 BSMS within an Autonomous Sys . . 31 Inter-area routing . . . 31 Intra-area routing . .32 . 26 QoS Routing . . . . 5.4 IPv6 issues ETSI 4 ETSI TR 102 155 VI . 1 . 1 (2003-04) 5.4.1 5.4.2 5.4.2.1 5.4.2.2 5.4.3 5.4.4
14、 5.4.4.1 5.4.4.2 5.4.4.3 5.4.4.3.1 5.5 5.5.1 5.6 32 ss management . 33 Address acquisition . 33 Neighbour Discovery 34 BSM architectures for IPv4 to IPv6 transition 35 Routing aspects ofIPv4 to IPv6 transition 36 NAT-PT 37 Implementation 37 Impacts of mobility on routing requirements . 38 . Routing
15、Protocols 35 Transition from IP 35 Overview of mobility procedures . Unidirectional satellite links . 38 39 6 Use casedarchitectures . 39 6.1.1 Physical connectivity factors . 40 6.2 Satellite addressing and routing scenarios . 41 6.2.1 Satellite-IP networking scenarios 41 42 6.2.2.1 Corporate Intra
16、nets . 43 6.2.2.1.1 Role of BSMS in Intranets 43 6.2.2.2 BSMS Intranet IP routing architecture . 44 6.2.3 Corporate Internet access . 44 6.2.3.1 . 45 6.2.4 SME Intranet and Internet . . 45 SOHO . . 45 6.2.5 . 46 6.2.5.1 Re sidential . 47 6.2.6 6.2.6.1 . 47 6.2.7 Distribution and core network scenari
17、os . . 48 6.2.7.1 ISP interconnect . 48 6.2.7.2 Content-to-Edge . 49 6.3 Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) . 49 6.3.1 VPN link protocols . 49 6.3.1.1 Overlapping customer address space 50 6.3.2 IP-based VPN architectures 50 6.3.2.1 CE-based VPNs . 51 6.3.2.2 PE-based VPNs . 52 40 Satellite system func
18、tions within an IP network 6.1 Access network scenarios 6.2.2 Role of BSMS in corporate Internet access . SOHO Internet Access Role of BSMS in residential Internet access . 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.2.1 7.2.2 7.2.2.1 7.2.2.2 7.2.2.3 7.2.2.4 7.2.2.5 7.2.2.6 7.3 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.3.3 7.4 7.4.1 7.4.1.1 7.4.2 7.4.2.1 7
19、.4.2.2 7 Addressing and routing solutions for BSM systems 54 Introduction 54 BSMS configurations . 56 Solutions for BSMS routing scenarios . Routing within the BSMS . Dynamic routing with on-board processing BSMS internal routing tables Use of “cost-based“ routing in a multi-homed BSMS Neighbour dis
20、covery in OSPF over BSM . Proposed messages for route di Handling ofIPv4 TTL fields . On-board IP routing Address allocation and resolution . IP address uniqueness issues . Obtaining an IP address by an ST Obtaining a layer 2 address of a de IP over ATM (or ATM-like) . IP over label-based luik layer
21、 architec . 57 . 57 . 59 . 60 . 61 . 62 . 64 . 65 . 65 . 66 . 66 67 67 69 Address resolution . 70 71 IP over MPLS 71 Proposed “label-based“ IP-oriented solution 72 Addressing and routing over specific ETSI 5 ETSI TR 102 155 VI . 1 . 1 (2003-04) Use of S-ARP 73 7.4.2.2.1 7.4.2.2.2 S-ARP description .
22、 73 7.4.3 8 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.3.1 8.3.2 8.3.3 9 9.1 9.1.1 9.1.2 9.2 9.2.1 9.2.1.1 9.2.1.2 9.2.2 9.2.2.1 9.2.2.2 9.3 9.3.1 9.3.1.1 9.3.1.2 9.3.2 9.3.2.1 9.3.2.2 9.3.3 9.3.3.1 9.3.3.2 9.3.4 9.3.4.1 9.3.4.2 9.3.5 9.3.5.1 9.3.5.2 9.3.6 9.3.6.1 9.3.6.2 IP over DVB-RCS 74 Conclusions 75 Constraints 75 Assumpt
23、ions . 75 Specific conclusions . 75 System level 75 Space segment 76 User segment 76 Recommendations for ETSI standards . 76 77 77 78 TS 78 78 78 78 TS2.2: Profile management SI-SAP interface 79 Aim . 79 Requirements 79 TS3: Routing 79 TS3.1: BSMS-specific routing tables, protocols and interfaces 79
24、 Aim . 79 Requirements 80 TS3.2: “Cost-based“ routing in a multi-homed BSMS . 80 Aim . 80 Requirements 80 TS3.3: Route discovery interface and primitives 81 Aim . 81 Requirements 81 TS3.4: Dedicated BSMS signalling channels for routing, etc . 81 Aim . 81 Requirements 81 TS4: Strategies for IPv6 serv
25、ice transition from IPv4 82 Aim . 82 Requirements 82 TS5: Label-based IP-oriented link layer . 82 Aim . 82 Requirements 83 TS 1 : Routing/addressing management architecture TS2.1: Address management SI-SAP interface Annex A: BGP and IPv6 related RFCs 84 A . 1 List of BGP related RFCs . 84 A.2 List o
26、fIPv6 related RFCs . 85 History 86 ETSI 6 ETSI TR 102 155 VI .I .I (2003-04) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members
27、 and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR O00 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (7PRs); Essential, orpotentially Essential, IPRs notlJied to ETSI in respect ofETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (5). All published ET
28、SI deliverables shall include information which directs the reader to the above source of information. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES). The present document has been generated by ETSI Specialist Task Force S
29、TF 214 “Broadband and Satellite integration“. I n t rod uct ion In TR 101 984 3, the general Service and Architectures aspects for BSM (Broadband Satellite Multimedia) systems were introduced. In particular the scenarios defining the position of BSM systems to provide Internet-based services were de
30、fined. Mesh and star topologies for both transparent satellites and On-Board Processing (OBP) satellites were described with their generic reference points. IP-over-satellite aspects were introduced in TR 101 985 4 and functional models were defined for quality of service (QoS), Addressing, Routing
31、and Multicasting. The present document concerns Addressing and Routing and, based on the above TRs, examines in detail how existing addressing and routing protocols can be used and provides guidelines on modifications or solutions that should be introduced in this area. The layout is as follows. In
32、clause 4, the reference model used for the study is provided with the relevant definitions. Clause 5 summarizes general requirements for IP Addressing and Routing and outlines the impacts on BMS Systems. In particular, the role of BSMS vis-vis Autonomous Systems is detailed. In clause 6, the impact
33、on Addressing and Routing of the position of BSM systems acting either as an access network, a distribution network or a core network is defined. In clause 7, solutions for routing issues identified in the previous clauses are detailed. Clause 8 contains general conclusions of the present document a
34、nd a summary of recommendations for further actions is provided in clause 9. ETSI 7 ETSI TR 102 155 VI .I .I (2003-04) 1 Scope The present document focuses on addressing and routing in satellite multimedia systems, and specifically on those defiied by the term BSMS (Broadband Satellite Multimedia Sy
35、stems) in TR 101 984 3 and TR 101 985 4. The scope of the present document is to: IdentiSl and select use cases and high level architectures applicable to Addressing and Routing of IP packets in broadband multimedia satellite systems. IdentiSl satellite-specific requirements for IP Addressing and Ro
36、uting. IdentiSl relevant standardization work in other standards bodies such as IETF, ITU and DVB. Recommend topics for standardization. 2 Re fe re nces For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available i
37、n the expected location might be found at http: /docbcts.etsi.ctrg/Referenct il ETSI TR 101 374-1: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband satellite multimedia; Part 1 : Survey on standardization objectives“. ETSI TR 101 374-2: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband sa
38、tellite multimedia; Part 2: Scenario for standardization“. 21 31 ETSI TR 101 984: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; Services and Architectures“. 41 ETSI TR 101 985: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP over Satelli
39、te“. 51 ETSI TR 102 156: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Broadband Satellite Multimedia; IP interworking over satellite; Multicasting“. 61 “Diameter Base Protocol (Internet-Draft)“. NOTE: 71 See also the IETF Diameter protocol home page, iitr:/l.dia-rueter.sra/. Global IPv6 Summit: “The
40、 IPv6 Implementation Landscape“, Peter Loshin, IPv6 Foruq March 14, 2000. SI The Economist: “Upgrading The Internet“. March 22,2001 91 lo1 ISOC MEMBER BRIEFING #6: “The Transition to IPv“, Eric Carmes, January 2002. “An IP Transport and Routing Architecture for Next generation Satellite Networks“, F
41、. Yegenoglu et al. IEEE Network Sept/Oct. 2000. IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 40, no. 6, June 2002 - Special Edition on QoS Routing. 111 121 ISO/IEC 3309 (1 993): “Information Technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - High level data link control (HDLC) procedur
42、es - Frame structure“. ETSI TS 123 107: “Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS); Quality of Service (QoS) concept and architecture (3GPP TS 23.107 version 3.9.0 Release 1999)“. IST BRAHMS project Deliverable 6 (http:/docbox Cti,cPrP/sec:ei;/6O-c/W SSM/RRAHMS/Del6 Y 1 .O zip). i31 i41 ETSI
43、 8 ETSI TR 102 155 VI .I .I (2003-04) i151 i161 i171 i181 i231 i241 i251 i271 i261 i281 i291 i301 i3 11 i321 i331 i341 i351 i3 61 i3 81 i371 i3 91 i401 i411 i421 i43 1 i441 i451 RNAP - A Resource Negotiation and Pricing Protocol, httu :/mww i . es, coluirtbia. edu/-xi.aiialpubli c/p roi ects:p rotoc
44、ol .htinl. IANA Internet Assigned Number Authority, (Inttp:/.iana.or,. ETSI EN 300 421: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for 11/12 GHz satellite services“. ETSI EN 301 790: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Interaction channel for satellite distrib
45、ution systems“. IS0 3 166: “Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions“. TIA Committee TR-34.1: “Satellite ATM Networks: Architectures and Guidelines“, May 1998. IEEE Standard 802.3: “Ethernet LAN“. “Providing IP QoS over GE0 Satellite Systems Using MPLS“, Ors, T. and
46、Rosenberg, C., International Journal of Satellite Communications, Volume 19, Issue 5, 2001. IETF RFC 791: “Internet protocol“. IETF RFC 826: “An Ethernet Address Resolution Protocol“. IETF RFC 15 17: “Applicability Statement for the Implementation of CIDR“. IETF RFC 15 18: “An Architecture for IP Ad
47、dress Allocation with CIDR“. IETF RFC 15 19: “CIDR: An Address Assignment and Aggregation Strategy“. IETF RFC 1520: “Exchanging Routing Information Across Provider Boundaries in the CIDR Environment“. IETF RFC 1633: “Integrated Services in the Internet Architecture: an Overview“. IETF RFC 2236: “Int
48、ernet Group Management Protocol, Version 2“. IETF RFC 2330: “Framework for IP Performance Metrics“. IETF RFC 2332: “NBMA Next Hop Resolution Protocol (“RP)“. IETF RFC 2333 : “NHRP Protocol Applicability Statement“ IETF RFC 2735: “NHRP Support for Virtual Private Networks“ IETF RFC 2990: “Next steps
49、for the IP QoS Architecture“. IETF RFC 303 1 : “Multi-protocol Label Switching Architecture“. IETF RFC 3077: “A link layer tunnelling mechanism for unidirectional links“ “Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol for IPv6 (DHCPv6)“ http :Nietfordi ntei-net-d-rafts/dra- ietf-dhc-dlncpvh-28 .txt. “Guidelines of Applicability Statements for PPVPNs“ http :/iet.loiz/intemet-dras/at-iet-ppvpn-applicabilitv- puidelines-0 1. txt. IETF RFC 1166: “Internet numbers“. IETF RFC 950: “Internet Standard Subnetting Procedure“. IETF RFC 19 1
