1、 ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02)Technical Report Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB)User guidelines for the second generation system forBroadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and otherbroadband satellite applications (DVB-S2)European Broadcasting Union Union Europenne de Radio-Tlvision EBU
2、UER ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 2 Reference DTR/JTC-DVB-166 Keywords broadband, broadcasting, digital, satellite, TV, video ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association b
3、ut non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived
4、 difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aw
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6、ttp:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2005. European Broadcasting Uni
7、on 2005. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of
8、its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights5 Foreword.5 1 Scope 6 2 References 6 3 Symbols and abbreviations.8 3.1 Symbols8 3.2 Abbreviations .9 4 General description of the technical characteristics of the DVB-S2
9、 system11 4.1 Commercial requirements 11 4.1.1 Commercial Requirements for Broadcast Services.12 4.1.2 Commercial Requirements for Non-Broadcast Services 13 4.1.3 Common Commercial Requirements14 4.2 Application scenarios .14 4.3 System architecture 15 4.3.1 The system block diagram 18 4.3.2 Referen
10、ce performance .19 4.3.2.1 Single carrier per transponder configuration.19 4.3.2.1.1 Sensitivity to satellite power amplifier characteristics 23 4.3.2.1.2 Sensitivity to roll-off .25 4.3.2.2 Multiple carrier per transponder configuration .25 4.4 The backwards compatible modes26 4.4.1 Hierarchical mo
11、dulations27 4.5 Adaptive Coding and Modulation 29 4.5.1 ACM: the principles29 4.5.2 Functional description of the DVB-S2 subsystem for ACM 32 4.5.2.1 Specific subsystems for supporting ACM with MPEG-TS.34 4.5.3 DVB-S2 performance in ACM mode .37 4.6 System configurations 38 5 Broadcast applications3
12、8 5.1 SDTV broadcasting 39 5.2 SDTV and HDTV broadcasting with differentiated channel protection.39 5.3 Backwards Compatible services.39 5.3.1 Hierarchical modulations40 6 Interactive applications.40 6.1 IP Unicast Services.41 6.1.1 Single Generic Stream and ACM command.41 6.1.2 Multiple (Generic or
13、 Transport) Streams43 6.1.3 Encapsulation efficiency of ACM modes .45 6.1.4 Scheduling issues48 6.2 Independent frames structure for Packetized streams with VCM/ACM 50 6.2.1 Independent framing issues (applicable to MPEG-TS).50 6.2.2 Example slicing process51 6.2.3 Specific cases51 7 Contribution se
14、rvices, data content distribution/trunking and other professional applications52 7.1 Distribution of multiple MPEG multiplexes to Digital Terrestrial TV Transmitters52 7.2 DSNG and other professional applications 52 7.2.1 DSNG bit rates and symbol rates53 7.2.2 Phase noise recommendation53 7.2.3 Rec
15、eiver filter mask53 7.2.4 DSNG carrier spacing.54 7.2.5 Link budget examples for DSNG .55 7.2.5.1 Generic Hypothesis .55 ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 4 7.2.5.2 DSNG Examples .58 7.2.6 DSNG transmitting station identification .61 7.2.7 DSNG Services using ACM .61 Annex A: Low Density Parity
16、Check Codes 63 A.1 Structure of Parity Check Matrices of Standardized LDPC Codes64 A.2 Description of Standardized LDPC Codes.65 A.3 Performance Results.66 Annex B: DVB-S2 Physical Layer Frame and pilot structure.69 B.1 Structured PLS code for Frame Synchronization.69 B.2 Pilot Structure.71 Annex C:
17、 Modem algorithms design and performance over typical satellite channels.73 C.1 Modulator with Pre-Distortion .74 C.2 Clock Recovery76 C.3 Physical Layer Frame Synchronization76 C.3.1 An algorithm for Frame Synchronization.76 C.3.2 An Alternative Frame Synchronization Algorithm 77 C.3.2.1 Acquisitio
18、n procedure description 77 C.3.2.2 Performance Analysis .78 C.3.2.3 Acquisition parameters optimization 79 C.4 Carrier Frequency Recovery 80 C.5 Automatic Gain Control .82 C.6 Carrier Phase Recovery82 C.6.1 Pilot-Aided Linear Interpolation 82 C.6.2 Fine Phase Recovery for High Order Modulations 84 C
19、.7 Performance Results.84 Annex D: Capacity assessment in ACM modes.86 D.1 System Sizing Issues 87 D.2 Methodology Description.87 D.3 Study Case Results.88 Annex E: Physical layer adaptation in ACM systems 95 E.1 Channel estimator.95 E.2 Physical Layer Selector97 E.2.1 Shifted Threshold .98 E.2.2 Hy
20、steresis .99 E.3 Performance results99 Annex F: ACM receiver implementation 101 F.1 Type 1 receiver.101 F.2 Type 2 receiver.102 History 104 ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 5 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to E
21、TSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is avail
22、able from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not reference
23、d in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by Joint Technical Committee (JTC) Broadcast of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU), Comit Europen de Normalisa
24、tion ELECtrotechnique (CENELEC) and the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). The work of the JTC was based on the studies carried out by the European DVB Project under the auspices of the Ad Hoc Group on DVB-S2 of the DVB Technical Module. This joint group of industry, operators a
25、nd broadcasters provided the necessary information on all relevant technical matters (see clause 2). NOTE: The EBU/ETSI JTC Broadcast was established in 1990 to co-ordinate the drafting of standards in the specific field of broadcasting and related fields. Since 1995 the JTC Broadcast became a tripa
26、rtite body by including in the Memorandum of Understanding also CENELEC, which is responsible for the standardization of radio and television receivers. The EBU is a professional association of broadcasting organizations whose work includes the co-ordination of its members activities in the technica
27、l, legal, programme-making and programme-exchange domains. The EBU has active members in about 60 countries in the European broadcasting area; its headquarters is in Geneva. European Broadcasting Union CH-1218 GRAND SACONNEX (Geneva) Switzerland Tel: +41 22 717 21 11 Fax: +41 22 717 24 81 Founded in
28、 September 1993, the DVB Project is a market-led consortium of public and private sector organizations in the television industry. Its aim is to establish the framework for the introduction of MPEG-2 based digital television services. Now comprising over 200 organizations from more than 25 countries
29、 around the world, DVB fosters market-led systems, which meet the real needs, and economic circumstances, of the consumer electronics and the broadcast industry. ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 6 1 Scope The present document gives an overview of the technical and operational issues relevant to
30、 the system specified in EN 302 307 2 “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB): Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications“, including service quality and link availability eval
31、uation for typical DSNG and fixed contribution links, with the purpose to facilitate its interpretation. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: 1 ETSI EN 300 421: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation
32、 for 11/12 GHz satellite services“. 2 ETSI EN 302 307: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Second generation framing structure, channel coding and modulation systems for Broadcasting, Interactive Services, News Gathering and other broadband satellite applications“. 3 ISO/IEC 13818 (parts 1 and 2): “
33、Information technology - Generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information“. 4 ETSI EN 301 210: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for Digital Satellite News Gathering (DSNG) and other contribution applications by satellite“. 5 ETSI T
34、R 101 154: “ Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Implementation guidelines for the use of Video and Audio Coding in Broadcasting Applications based on the MPEG-2 Transport Stream“. 6 ETSI EN 300 468: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Specification for Service Information (SI) in DVB systems“. 7 ETSI
35、EN 301 192: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); DVB specification for data broadcasting“. 8 ETSI EN 300 429: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); Framing structure, channel coding and modulation for cable systems“. 9 ETSI TR 101 221: “Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB); User guideline for Digital Satelli
36、te News Gathering (DSNG) and other contribution applications by satellite“. 10 U. Reimers, A. Morello: “DVB-S2, the second generation standard for satellite broadcasting and unicasting“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 11 R. Gallager: “Low Density Parity Check Co
37、des“, IRE Trans. on Info. Theory, January 1962. 12 M. Eroz, F.-W. Sun and L.-N. Lee: “DVB-S2 Low Density Parity Check Codes with near Shannon Limit Performance“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 13 E. Casini, R. De Gaudenzi, A. Ginesi: “DVB-S2 modem algorithms des
38、ign and performance over typical satellite channels“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 14 F.-W. Sun Y. Jiang and L.-N. Lee: “Frame synchronization and pilot structure for DVB-S2“ International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 15 R. Rinaldo, M
39、. Vazquez-Castro, A. Morello: “DVB-S2 ACM modes for IP and MPEG unicast applications“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 16 S. Cioni, R. De Gaudenzi, R. Rinaldo: “Adaptive Coding and Modulation for the Forward Link of Broadband Satellite Networks“ in the Proc. of t
40、he Globecom 2003 Conference, San Francisco, Dec 2003. ETSI ETSI TR 102 376 V1.1.1 (2005-02) 7 17 E. Chen, J. L. Koslov, V. Mignone, J. Santoru: “DVB-S2 Backward-compatible modes: a Bridge Between the Present and the Future“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 18 R.
41、Rinaldo, R. De Gaudenzi: “Capacity analysis and system optimization for the forward link of multi-beam satellite broadband systems exploiting adaptive coding and modulation“, International Journal on Satellite Communication Networks, 2004; 22. 19 U. Reimers (ed.): “Digital Video Broadcasting - The D
42、VB Family of Standards for Digital Television“, 2nd ed., 2004, Springer Publishers, New York, ISBN 3-540-43545-X. 20 M.A. Vazquez-Castro et Al.: “Scheduling issues in ACM DVB-S2 systems: performance assessment through a comprehensive OPNET simulator“, under preparation. 21 C.E. Gilchriest: “Signal t
43、o Noise Monitoring“ JPL Space Programs Summary, No 37-27, Vol IV, pp 169-176. 22 D. J. MacKay and R. M. Neal: “Good codes based on very sparse matrices“, 5th IMA Conf. 1995, pp.100-111. 23 D. J. MacKay and R. M. Neal: “Near Shannon limit performance of low density parity check codes“, Electronics Le
44、tt. Mar. 1997, vol. 33, no.6, pp. 457-458. 24 T. Richardson and R. Urbanke: “Efficient encoding of low-density parity check codes“, IEEE Trans. Info. Theory, vol. 47, pp.638-656, Feb. 2001. 25 T. Richardson, A. Shokrollahi and R. Urbanke: “Design of capacity approaching irregular low density parity
45、check codes“, IEEE Trans. Inform. Theory, Feb. 2001, vol. 47, pp. 619-637. 26 U. Mengali and A.N. DAndrea: “Synchronization Techniques for Digital Receivers“, Plenum Press, New York, USA, 1997. 27 R. De Gaudenzi, A. Guillen i Fabregas, A. Martinez Vicente: “Turbo-coded APSK Modulations for Satellite
46、 Broadcasting and Multicasting- Part I: Coded Modulation Design“, submitted to IEEE Trans. On Wireless Communications 2004. 28 R. De Gaudenzi, A. Guillen i Fabregas, A. Martinez Vicente: “Turbo-coded APSK Modulations for Satellite Broadcasting - Part II: End-to-End Performance“ submitted to IEEE Tra
47、ns. On Wireless Communications 2004. 29 G. Karam and H. Sari: “A Data Pre-distortion Technique with Memory for QAM Radio Systems“, IEEE Transactions on Communications, Vol. COM-39, No. 2, pp 336- 344, February 1991. 30 R. De Gaudenzi and M. Luise: “Design and Analysis of an All-Digital Demodulator f
48、or Trellis Coded 16-QAM Transmission over a Non-linear Satellite Channel“, IEEE Trans. on Comm., Vol. 43, No. 2/3/4, February/March/April 1995, part I. 31 F. M. Gardner: “A BPSK/QPSK timing-error detector for sampled receivers“, IEEE Trans. On Communications, vol. COM-34, no. 5, May 1986. 32 M. Luis
49、e and R. Reggiannini: “Carrier Frequency Recovery in All Digital Modems for Burst Mode Transmissions“, IEEE Transactions on Communications, COM-43, pp. 1169-1178, Feb./March/Apr. 1995. 33 M. Oerder and H. Meyr: “Digital Filter and Square Timing Recovery“, IEEE Trans. Commun., COM-36, May 1988. 34 Jack K.Holmes: “Coherent spread spectrum systems“, Wiley Interscience, pp 395 to 426. 35 A. Morello, V. Mignone: “DVB-S2 ready to lift-off“, IBC04 Conference, Amsterdam, 9-13 September, 2004. 36 D.R. Pa
