1、 ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01)Technical Report Electromagnetic compatibilityand Radio spectrum Matters (ERM);Road Transport and Traffic Telematics (RTTT);Co-location and Co-existence Considerations regardingDedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC)transmission equipmentand Intelligent Transport
2、Systems (ITS)operating in the 5 GHz frequency rangeand other potential sources of interferenceETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 2Reference DTR/ERM-TG37-265 Keywords DSRC, ITS, RTTT ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16
3、Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic versio
4、n or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the reference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secr
5、etariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please se
6、nd your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications
7、Standards Institute 2009. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTM, TIPHONTM, the TIPHON logo and the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners.
8、 LTE is a Trade Mark of ETSI currently being registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4g3Foreword .
9、 4g31 Scope 5g32 References 5g32.1 Normative references . 5g32.2 Informative references 5g33 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Symbols 7g33.3 Abbreviations . 8g34 Summary 9g34.1 Overview 9g34.2 Interference scenarios . 9g35 Interference Limits . 12g35.1 DSRC frequenc
10、y table 12g35.2 Typical RF parameters of DSRC equipment 13g35.3 Interference to DSRC . 14g35.3.1 Categorization of interference types . 14g35.3.2 Interferer at UL frequency located in RSU active angle . 14g35.3.3 Interferer at UL frequency located outside RSU active angle. 14g35.3.4 Interference to
11、OBU receiver 15g35.3.5 Disturbance of OBU power save mode. 15g35.4 Interference limit parameters 16g3Annex A: Solutions to improve co-existence 17g3A.1 Interference mitigation techniques applicable to interfering transmitters 17g3A.1.1 Recommended minimum distance . 17g3A.1.2 Recommended maximum out
12、put power level 17g3A.1.3 Distance dependent dynamic output power level . 18g3A.2 Recommended improvements to DSRC devices 18g3A.3 System level measures to provide coexistence . 18g3Annex B: Examples of coexistence scenario calculations . 19g3B.1 Example for interferers at UL frequency located withi
13、n RSU active angle . 19g3B.2 Example for interferers at UL frequency located outside RSU active angle 20g3B.3 Example of interference to OBU receivers 20g3B.4 Example of disturbance of OBU power save mode . 28g3History 29g3ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 4Intellectual Property Rights IPRs esse
14、ntial or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentia
15、lly Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out
16、by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Ele
17、ctromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 51 Scope European CEN Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) equipment operating in the frequency range from 5 795 MHz to 5 815 MHz can suffer from interference caused by Intelligent Transport Syst
18、em (ITS) transmitters and other users of the same and adjacent frequency bands. The present document provides guidance on how to achieve co-existence between existing DSRC equipment and other users such as ITS equipment. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication
19、and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. Non-specific reference may be made only to a complete document or a part thereof and only in the following cases: - if it is accepted that it will be possible to use all future chan
20、ges of the referenced document for the purposes of the referring document; - for informative references. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause we
21、re valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of the present document. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For non-specific references, the latest
22、 edition of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not essential to the use of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. For non-specific references, t
23、he latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. i.1 CEN EN 12253: “Road transport and traffic telematics - Dedicated short-range communication - Physical layer using microwave at 5,8 GHz“. i.2 CEPT ECC Report 101: “Compatibility studies in the band 5 855 - 5 925 MHz
24、between Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS) and other systems“. i.3 ETSI EN 302 571: “Intelligent Transport Systems (ITS); Radiocommunications equipment operating in the 5 855 MHz to 5 925 MHz frequency band; Harmonized EN covering the essential requirements of article 3.2 of the R Road Transport an
25、d Traffic Telematics (RTTT); Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC) transmission equipment (500 kbit/s / 250 kbit/s) operating in the 5,8 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band“. ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 6i.6 ISO 21218:“Intelligent Transport Systems - Communications acces
26、s for land mobiles (CALM) - Medium Service Access Points“. 3 Definitions, symbols and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: adjacent band: part of the radio-frequency spectrum that is close to the DSRC spectrum defined by i
27、.7 and i.8 amplitude envelope: magnitude of the complex analytic representation of the modulated signal. NOTE: It describes the amplitude variation of a modulated sinusoidal signal as a function of time. boresight: direction of maximum radiation of a directional antenna NOTE: If boresight cannot be
28、determined unambiguously, then boresight is declared by the provider. broadband interferer: noise like interfering signal that covers more than one of the DSRC channels in the frequency domain carrier frequency: frequency to which the RSU transmitter is tuned NOTE: In DSRC, the carrier frequency is
29、in the centre of a channel. channel: continuous part of the radio-frequency spectrum to be used for a specified emission or transmission NOTE: A radio-frequency channel may be defined by two specified limits, or by its centre frequency and its bandwidth, or any equivalent indication. It is often des
30、ignated by a sequential number. A radio-frequency channel may be time-shared in order to allow radio communication in both directions by simplex operation. The term “channel“ is sometimes used to denote two associated radio-frequency channels, each of which is used for one of two directions of trans
31、mission, i.e. in fact a telecommunication circuit. communication zone: spatial region within which the OBU is situated such that its transmissions are received by the RSU with a bit error ratio of less than a specified value cross-polar discrimination, ellipticity of polarization: ratio Prd/Prdof po
32、wer level Prdof the left hand circular polarized wave to the power level PRHCPof the right hand circular wave when the total power of the transmitted wave is Prd+ PrdNOTE: Antennas designed to transmit left hand circular waves may transmit some right hand circular waves in addition. cross polarizati
33、on: See cross-polar discrimination. down link: signal transmitted from the RSU to the OBU equivalent isotropically radiated power: signal power fed into an ideal loss-less antenna radiating equally well in all directions that generates the same power flux at a reference distance as the one generated
34、 by a signal fed into the antenna under consideration in a predefined direction within its far field region narrowband interferer: interfering signal with a bandwidth much smaller than the DSRC sub-channel bandwidth OBU sleep mode: optional mode for battery powered OBUs that allows to save battery p
35、ower NOTE 1: In this mode, the OBU can only detect the presence of a DSRC down-link signal which under certain defined conditions, see CEN EN 12253 i.1, will lead to wake-up, i.e. a transition to the transmit mode. NOTE 2: An OBU may be either in sleep mode, the stand-by mode, or the transmit mode.
36、polarization: locus of the tip of the electrical field strength vector in a plane perpendicular to the transmission vector ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 7power envelope: describes the power variation of a modulated sinusoidal signal as a function of time RSU active angle: defines a cone wher
37、e it is allowed to transmit maximum EIRP (parameter D4 in EN 12253 i.1) NOTE: Ranges from 0 to = 70 relative to a vector perpendicular to the road surface pointing downwards (parameter D4a in EN 12253 i.1) (see figure 1). The RSU provider may declare a smaller value for . Figure 1: RSU active angle
38、sub-channel: part of a channel to be used for a specified purpose NOTE: For DSRC the purpose can be up link or down link. total peak power level: maximum time domain instantaneous power level defined by the peak voltage Vat a resistive load RrdlRVP2=(1)NOTE: For a sinusoidal signal, the total peak p
39、ower level is twice the average power level measured with a power meter. For a modulated signal the peak power level is given by the power envelope maximum. up link: signal transmitted from the OBU to the RSU 3.2 Symbols For the purposes of the present document, the following symbols apply: PInstant
40、aneous peak power level VInstantaneous peak Voltage Angle relative to a vector perpendicular to the road surface Standard deviation aNNoise amplitude Att Free space attenuation BERiBit error rate with interference signal d Distance between phase centres of transmitting and receiving antenna f Freque
41、ncy I3armsAverage interference power limit N0Noise power level pANNoise amplitude density PdDiscriminator valuePemaxMaximum possible OFDM peak power level PenvMean envelope power level (average of RF peak power levels) penv(t) Power envelope ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 8PevPower envelope v
42、alue PLHCPPower level of left hand circular polarized wave pniSuperposition of noise and interferer amplitude density POBUsensOBU sensitivity limit ppeProbability of power envelope value PRHCPPower level of right hand circular polarized wave PRMSMean RMS power level RlResistive load3.3 Abbreviations
43、 For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: 2-PSK Binary Phase-Shift Keying AM Amplitude Modulation BER Bit Error Ratio C/I Carrier to Interference Ratio CEN Comit Europen de Normalization DFT Discrete Fourier Transformation DL Down Link DSRC Dedicated Short Range C
44、ommunication EIRP Equivalent Isotropically Radiated Power also called e.i.r.p., eirp, E.I.R.P. EN European Standard ERM Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters ETSI European Telecommunication Standard Institute IPR Intellectual Property Rights ISM Industrial, Scientific, Medical ITS
45、 Intelligent Transport System LHCP Left Hand Circular Polarized LP Linear Polarized OBU On Board Unit OFDM Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing RF Radio Frequency RHCP Right Hand Circular Polarized RMS Root Mean Square RSU Road Side Unit RTTT Road Transport and Traffic Telematics RX Receiver S
46、/I Signal to Interference Ratio SNR Signal to Noise Ratio TR Technical Report TX Transmitter UL Up LinkUWB Ultra WideBand EN 12253 i.1 list of down-link parameter abbreviations: D1 Carrier frequencies D4 Maximum EIRPD4a Angular EIRP mask D5 PolarizationD5a Cross polarization D8 DL bit rate D9 DL bit
47、 error ratio U1-0 Sub-carrier frequency 1,5 MHz U1-1 Sub-carrier frequency 2 MHz U5 Polarization U5a Cross polarization U8 UL bit rate ETSI ETSI TR 102 654 V1.1.1 (2009-01) 94 Summary 4.1 Overview The following elementary interference scenarios to CEN DSRC by other users of the same and adjacent fre
48、quency bands have been identified: a) Interferer located within RSU active angle at UL frequency. b) Interferer located outside RSU active angle at UL frequency. c) Interference to OBU receiver. d) Disturbance of OBU power save mode. These interference scenarios are elementary. Most practical cases
49、are represented by one or more of those elementary interference scenarios. While scenarios a) and b) can be handled by means of frequency regulation - e.g. output power or unwanted emission restrictions for interferers, scenarios c) and d) address also the OBU manufacturers to amend their design to reduce the susceptibility to interference presently caused by the enormous receiver bandwidth as compared with the transmitter signal bandwidth. This aspect is also recognized in ECC Report 127 i.4. Since in Europe more than 10 million OBUs
