1、 ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09) Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Satellite Emergency Communications (SatEC); Emergency Communication Cell over Satellite (ECCS) Technical Report ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)2Reference DTR/SES-00313 Keywords emergency, local loop, radio, satellite
2、 ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice Individual copies of the present document can
3、be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable Document Format (PDF). In case of dispute, the r
4、eference shall be the printing on ETSI printers of the PDF version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and other ETSI docume
5、nts is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permi
6、ssion. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2011. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade
7、Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32
8、.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Abbreviations . 7g34 Emergency Communication Cells over Satellite (ECCS) 8g34.1 Introduction 8g34.1.1 Analogue radio 8g34.1.2 Digital radio 9g34.1.3 GSM/UMTS . 9g34.1.4 Satellite phones . 9g34.1.5 Very Small Aperture Terminals (VSAT) and p
9、ortable satellite systems 9g34.1.6 Wireless local area networks and DECT 9g34.2 ECCS challenges and roles . 10g34.2.1 ECCS concept . 10g34.2.2 Overall challenges of an ECCS system. 11g34.2.3 ECCS role model 11g34.3 ECCS architecture 13g34.3.1 Introduction. 13g34.3.2 Service interoperability . 14g34.
10、3.3 Connection scenarios 15g34.3.3.1 On-disaster to/from disaster-safe area connection 15g34.3.3.2 On-disaster to/from on-disaster area connection . 16g34.3.3.3 Summary of connection scenarios . 16g34.4 Interfaces 17g34.5 Usability and operational aspects . 18g3Annex A: ECCS state-of-the-art . 20g3A
11、.1 Commercially available products and solutions . 20g3A.1.1 Emergesat . 20g3A.1.1.1 Inter-connectivity / inter-operability matrix 22g3A.1.2 Proximity B1 22g3A.1.2.1 Inter-connectivity / inter-operability matrix 25g3A.1.3 Proximity Drive Away . 25g3A.1.3.1 Inter-connectivity / inter-operability matr
12、ix 28g3A.2 Research projects 28g3A.2.1 WISECOM . 28g3A.2.1.1 WISECOM Access Terminal based on Inmarsat BGAN 29g3A.2.1.2 WISECOM Access Terminal based on DVB-RCS 30g3A.2.1.3 WISECOM inter-connectivity / inter-operability matrix 32g3A.2.2 RECOVER and MOBIDICK . 32g3A.2.2.1 RECOVER 32g3A.2.2.2 MOBIDICK
13、 34g3A.2.2.3 Networking RECOVER and MOBIDICK 35g3A.2.2.4 RECOVER or MOBIDICK inter-connectivity / inter-operability matrix . 37g3A.2.3 ABCSat 37g3A.2.3.1 ABCSat specifications 38g3A.2.3.2 ABCSat inter-connectivity / inter-operability matrix . 39g3A.2.4 OSCAR 40g3A.2.4.1 OSCAR specifications 40g3ETSI
14、 ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)4A.2.4.2 OSCAR inter-connectivity / inter-operability matrix . 42g3A.2.5 DECISION . 42g3A.2.6 Multi-national Telecom Adapter (MTA) 43g3A.2.7 TANGO 44g3A.2.7.1 The TANGO Project Goal 44g3A.2.7.2 The TANGO Project Learned Lesson toward the standardization 45g3A.2.8 TRA
15、CKS (transportable station for communication network by satellite). 45g3A.2.9 EMERSAT . 46g3Annex B: Complete definition of potential scenarios 48g3Annex C: Bibliography 50g3History 51g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)5Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the
16、present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI i
17、n respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence
18、 of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES). The present d
19、ocument is intended to be used as a report on the current status quo. ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)61 Scope The present document is intended to outline the concept of Emergency Communication Cells over Satellite (ECCS). An ECCS is understood as a temporary emergency communication cell suppor
20、ting terrestrial wireless and wired standard(s) (e.g. based on IEEE 802.11 i.4, VHF/UHF, IEEE 802.16 i.5, GSM, or TETRA), which are linked/backhauled to a permanent infrastructure by means of bi-directional satellite links. The present document covers the involved roles for operating an ECCS and des
21、cribes ECCS architectures based on existing products and introduces the challenges for providing interoperable services. An annex with existing ECCS solutions concludes the present document. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or versi
22、on number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found
23、 at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. Not ap
24、plicable. 2.2 Informative references The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 Report ITU-R Recommendation M.2033: “Radiocommunication objectives and requirements for public
25、protection and disaster relief“. i.2 ETSI TS 102 181: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communication between authorities/organizations during emergencies“. i.3 ETSI TR 102 641: “Satellite Earth Stations and Systems (SES); Overview of present satellite emergency communications reso
26、urces“. i.4 IEEE 802.11: “ IEEE Standard for Information technology - Telecommunications and information exchange between systems - Local and metropolitan area networks-Specific requirements - Part 11: Wireless LAN Medium Access Control (MAC) and Physical Layer (PHY) Specifications“. i.5 IEEE 802.16
27、: “IEEE Standard for Local and metropolitan area networks - Part 16: Air Interface for Broadband Wireless Access Systems“. ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)73 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: AAA Authentication, Authorization and Accounti
28、ng ATA Spec 300 Air Transport Association NOTE: See https:/publications.airlines.org/CommerceProductDetail.aspx?Product=68. BGAN Broadband Global Area Network BSC Base Station Controller BSS Base Station Subsystem BTS Base Transceiver Station CNES Centre National dEtudes Spatiales DECT Digital Enhan
29、ced Cordless Telecommunications DNS Domain Name System DVB-RCS Digital Video Broadcasting Return Satellite Channel ECCS Emergency Communication Cell over Satellite EMTEL Emergency Telecommunications ETSI European Telecommunications Standards Institute GEO Geostationary Earth Orbit GIS Geo Informatio
30、n Service GSM Global System for Mobile Communications HLR Home Location Register HPA High Power Amplifier IP Internet Protocol ISI Inter-System Interface ITU-R International Telecommunication Union Radiocommunication Sector LAN Local Area Network LBS Location Based Service LSC Local Switching Centre
31、 MNO Mobile Network Operator MSC Main Switching Centre MTA Multi-national Telecom Adapter NAT Network Address Translation NGO Non-Governmental Organization PABX Private Automatic Branch Exchange PEA Pan-European Satellite Telecom Adaptor PEP Performance Enhancing Proxy PKC (please remove the bullet
32、point with this acronym) PLMN Public Land Mobile Network PMR Professional (or Private) Mobile Radio PPDR Public Protection and Disaster Relief PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network QoS Quality of Service SatEC Satellite Emergency Communications SCPC Single Channel Per Carrier SES Satellite Earth St
33、ations and Systems SIM Subscriber Identity Module SMS Short Message Service SwMI Switching and Management Infrastructure TCP Transmission Control Protocol TETRA Terrestrial Trunked Radio UHF Ultra High Frequency UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunications System VHF Very High Frequency VLR Visitor Loca
34、tion Register VoIP Voice over IP VPN Virtual Private Network VSAT Very Small Aperture Terminal ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)8WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access WISECOM Wireless Infrastructure over Satellite for Emergency Communications WLAN Wireless Local Area Network 4 Em
35、ergency Communication Cells over Satellite (ECCS) 4.1 Introduction Recent major disasters like the tsunami in 2004, earthquakes in Turkey (1999 and earlier/later years), a hurricane in the USA (2005), or the earthquake on Haiti (2010), have shown that terrestrial telecommunication infrastructures in
36、 the affected areas are either damaged or overloaded - or not existing at all. Consequently, international rescue teams may not rely on local services and they have to take their own communication equipment to the operation area. Emergency Communication Cells over Satellite (ECCS) are intended as in
37、stant means to address this problem by setting up quasi-autonomous communication infrastructure in the field (i.e. incident area) supporting one or more terrestrial wireless standards. Connectivity with remote emergency control centres is enabled by backhauling these terrestrial standards via a non-
38、ground based satellite network. Report ITU-R Recommendation M.2033 i.1 lists general radiocommunication objectives of Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) agencies and organizations. Among other requirements, like interoperability and interworking between networks, services have to be provid
39、ed for “wide range of geographic coverage areas, including urban, suburban, rural and remote environments“. The EMTEL specification TS 102 181 i.2 clearly states that “access to permanent bidirectional links between emergency control centres and their mobile teams is crucial in the handling of emerg
40、encies and need to be available for the duration of the emergency/disaster“. There is a variety of communication systems in use by governmental and non-governmental rescue and relief organizations from different countries and the most common systems in use are briefly described in the following clau
41、ses. 4.1.1 Analogue radio Analogue Professional Mobile Radio (PMR) systems are simple, robust, still widely deployed and actively used by rescue organisations. Many of them operate in the VHF or UHF frequency bands. In contrast to regular telephone systems for analogue radio point-to-multipoint comm
42、unication is a built-in feature. Radio sets can be operated either locally in direct (called “tactical“) mode or as part of a regional transceiver network (e.g. common-wave broadcasting). The communication infrastructure is reliable as long as the interconnections of the radio stations and relay tra
43、nsmitters (repeaters) are available. In case of a disaster these repeaters might be damaged resulting in a restricted (in terms of range and coverage) but still working communication system. Analogue radios provide mostly voice service in direct or relayed mode. Data communication are also supported
44、 for bit rates below 10 kb/s (e.g. packet radio). Analogue radios are also used by radio-amateur societies who provide assistance to administrations in case of emergency (e.g. F.N.R.A.S.E.C in France (http:/www.fnrasec.org/), or TRAC in Turkey (http:/www.trac.org.tr/). Transmitted contents are norma
45、lly not protected by strong ciphering/scrambling schemes so that confidentiality can not be granted. Contrariwise this can be an advantage especially if members from different organisations without common hierarchy have to exchange information. ETSI ETSI TR 103 166 V1.1.1 (2011-09)94.1.2 Digital rad
46、io Digital PMR systems are successors of these analogue systems and many countries have set up or are setting up digital PMR networks for team and operation coordination, both for police and non-police organisations (e.g. firebrigades) and Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO). These systems support
47、similar to their analogue predecessors talkgroups, but are much more effective in terms of frequency usage. Their major disadvantage is the most likely incompatibility with existing PMR communication infrastructure outside the regular deployment area since the operation of PMR networks is, due to ob
48、vious security requirements, very much restricted and PMR handhelds typically need explicit clearing before booking into the network. Ciphering of transmitted content is possible but can turn out to be an obstacle to information exchange between different user groups too (e.g. in multi-national oper
49、ations). In several countries base-stations of digital PMR systems are considered to be critical components which means that uninterruptible power supplies and redundant network connections are used. Depending on the deployed technology it is partly possible to run a base-station in island mode without connectivity to the core network. Many digital PMR systems support a direct mode between terminals without using a base station transceiver too. 4.1.3 GSM/UMTS Since cell phones are widely available, communication via GSM/UMTS has become popular in disaste
