1、 ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11)Technical Report Access and Terminals (AT);Study on Emergency Communications;Aspects related to fixed line terminalsETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 2 Reference DTR/AT-040006 Keywords access, terminal, emergency ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipol
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6、extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2005. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM and UMTSTM are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTMand the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being registered by ETSI for the ben
7、efit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights7 Foreword.7 Introduction 7 1 Scope 8 2 References 8 3 Definitions and abbreviations.11
8、3.1 Definitions11 3.2 Abbreviations .11 4 Emergency communications, frame conditions .13 4.1 User expectations on emergency situations (SR 002 180) .13 4.2 Requirements of European regulation (SR 002 299)14 4.3 Services 14 4.4 Features and functions in Terminal Equipment (TE) .15 4.4.1 General aspec
9、ts .15 4.4.1.1 Emergency call terminals and specific posts.15 4.4.1.2 “HELP“ key for 112 service on terminals with voice application.15 4.4.1.3 Other emergency keys for non-112 service.16 4.4.1.4 “SURVEY“ key for discrete remote surveillance16 4.4.2 Categories of telephones and other terminals .16 4
10、.4.2.1 Public pay telephones17 4.4.2.2 Private pay telephones.17 4.4.2.3 Telephones in private networks.17 4.4.2.4 Other access limited telephones 17 4.4.3 Messaging in emergency situations 18 4.4.4 Text telephones and fax devices .19 4.4.5 Voice initiated call to 112.19 4.4.6 Special terminals.19 4
11、.4.7 Multipurpose facilities 19 4.4.8 Services that could be deployed by emergency authorities.19 4.5 Usage by disabled, elderly and young citizens.20 4.6 Types of identification in communications systems.20 4.6.1 General20 4.6.2 Identification in the PSTN - CLI 21 4.6.3 Identifiers in the PLMN21 4.
12、6.4 IP address identification22 4.6.5 Media Access Control (MAC) identifications 22 4.6.6 Application level identification.22 4.6.7 Universal Communication Identifier (UCI)23 4.6.8 Biotechnologies to identify citizens23 5 Emergency communications needs and market aspects.23 5.1 Types of emergency co
13、mmunications 23 5.1.1 Communication from citizens to authorities.23 5.1.2 Communication between authorities.24 5.1.3 Communication from authorities to citizens.24 5.1.4 Communication amongst affected citizens .24 5.2 Multiplicity of solutions on the market 24 5.3 Population needs coverage by existin
14、g solutions .25 5.4 Relationship between mobile and fixed equipment25 5.5 Top-view EMTEL architecture 25 6 General technology aspects25 6.1 General aspects of the network access .25 6.2 General aspects of terminals and home installations26 ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 4 6.2.1 Cabling and in
15、stallations aspects 26 6.2.2 Simple devices 26 6.2.3 Featured devices .26 6.2.4 Data and video devices .26 6.3 Emergency communications aspects26 6.3.1 Equipment performance27 6.3.2 High reliability and availability 27 6.3.3 Void. .27 6.3.4 Priority of emergency services28 6.3.5 Identity of a citize
16、n .28 6.3.6 Location Information 28 6.3.6.1 Caller localization issues for nomadic TE.29 6.3.7 Services to protect the emergency communication.29 6.3.8 Testing of route to emergency service operator29 7 Network connectivity .30 7.1 POTS, the analogue legacy interface of the PSTN.30 7.1.1 General asp
17、ects .30 7.1.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).30 7.1.3 Access.31 7.1.4 Installations.31 7.2 ISDN, the digital interface of the PSTN.31 7.2.1 General aspects .31 7.2.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).31 7.2.3 Access.31 7.2.4 Installations.32 7.3 DECT .32 7.3.1 General aspects .32 7.3.2 Simple Terminal Equipment (TE
18、) 33 7.3.3 PBX and complex Terminal Equipment (TE).33 7.3.4 Access.33 7.3.5 Installations.33 7.3.6 Other aspects.33 7.4 Telecommunications over cable TV infrastructures.34 7.4.1 General aspects .34 7.4.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).34 7.4.3 Access.34 7.4.4 Installations.35 7.5 CATV infrastructures witho
19、ut telecommunications.35 7.5.1 General aspects .35 7.5.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).35 7.5.3 Access.35 7.5.4 Installations.35 7.6 Ethernet 36 7.6.1 General aspects .36 7.6.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).36 7.6.3 Access.36 7.6.3.1 Performance 36 7.6.3.2 High reliability and availability.36 7.6.3.3 Priority o
20、f emergency services37 7.6.3.4 Identity of citizens.37 7.6.3.5 Location information.37 7.6.3.6 Security services for emergency communication37 7.6.3.7 Testing of route to emergency service operator 37 7.6.4 Installation 37 7.7 xDSL technologies .37 7.7.1 General aspects .37 7.7.2 xDSL technologies a
21、ssociated with splitters.37 7.7.3 xDSL technologies not associated with splitters.38 7.7.4 Terminal Equipment (TE).38 7.7.5 Access.38 7.7.6 Installations.38 ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 5 7.8 Power Line Telecommunications (PLT) 38 7.8.1 General aspects .38 7.8.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).39 7
22、.8.3 Access.39 7.8.3.1 Performance 39 7.8.3.2 High reliability and availability.39 7.8.3.3 Priority of emergency services39 7.8.3.4 Identity of citizens.39 7.8.3.5 Location information.39 7.8.3.6 Security services for emergency communication40 7.8.3.7 Testing of route to emergency service operator 4
23、0 7.8.4 Installations.40 7.9 Fibre to the kerb/home .40 7.9.1 General aspects .40 7.9.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).40 7.9.3 Access.40 7.9.4 Installations.40 7.10 Broadband Wireless Access (BWA) 41 7.10.1 General aspects .41 7.10.2 Terminal Equipment (TE).41 7.10.3 Access.41 7.10.4 Installations.41 7.11
24、 Other less deployed terminal access technologies41 8 Service connectivity .42 8.1 General .42 8.2 Availability.42 8.3 Robustness42 8.4 Reliability.42 8.5 Routing.42 8.6 Priority of emergency communications42 8.7 Quality of Service (QoS)42 8.8 Localization43 9 Private Networks (PN) and Home Networks
25、 (HN)43 9.1 Private Networks (PN) .43 9.1.1 General aspects .43 9.1.2 PBX in Private Networks (PN).44 9.1.3 IP services in Private Networks (PN) .45 9.2 Home Networks (HN) 45 9.2.1 General aspects .45 9.2.2 Switched voice services in Home Networks (HN) .46 9.2.3 IP services in Home Network (HN)47 10
26、 Installations and infrastructures47 10.1 Physical installations/cabling .47 10.2 Device configuration and provisioning 47 11 Information to the citizens47 11.1 From the authorities and public institutions .48 11.1.1 Telecommunications authority48 11.1.2 Civil protection .48 11.2 From telecommunicat
27、ions operators or broadcasters .48 11.3 From manufacturers .49 11.4 From special organizations.49 12 Commonly identified concerns 49 12.1 Power dependence49 12.2 Protection of the installations and infrastructures 49 12.3 User perception 50 12.4 Trust in user identity and location50 12.5 Data protec
28、tion override.50 13 Conclusions 50 ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 6 13.1 General .50 13.2 Issues arising from analysis51 13.2.1 Additional SMS profile for emergency communication.51 13.2.2 The introduction of location information in DECT 52 13.2.3 Minimum requirements for QoS for emergency co
29、mmunication .52 13.2.4 Standardization on emergency communication requirements for PN.52 13.3 Future Outlook .52 Annex A: Further information53 Annex B: SMS and CBS concepts in mobile networks.54 B.1 Case 1 - Mobile originated text messages 54 B.2 Case 2 - Network originated broadcast text messages
30、.55 History 56 ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 7 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and
31、can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/webapp.etsi.org/IPR/home.asp). Pur
32、suant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present do
33、cument. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Access and Terminals (AT). Introduction The present document identifies the terminal characteristics and the access network behaviour that relates to emergency situations. This study results from a need recentl
34、y identified to evaluate the support of Telecommunications infrastructures and services to citizens in emergency situations. A number of Telecommunications Authorities are studying the situation and the OCG co-ordination group on Emergency Telecommunications initiated a study (SR 002 180 1, TS 102 1
35、81 2, TS 102 182 3, TS 102 410 4, SR 002 299 5) with the intention of stimulating Telecommunications experts in the most relevant areas. The present document is related to above mentioned study and covers terminals and access aspects of technologies used for the commonly fixed Telecommunications net
36、works technologies. It discusses the behaviour of emergency requests within the user facilities such as installations, terminals, home networks and the related access aspects. Aspects such as outgoing and incoming emergency calls, dependence on power supplies will be discussed and studies on POTS/PS
37、TN, ISDN, Cable Modems, xDSL, Power Line, fixed radio access, cordless or fibre technologies will be included. The conclusions under the present market situation and with the multitude of simultaneously available technologies and applications on the market are likely to be significantly different fr
38、om the times where monopoly regimes were dominant and the POTS/PSTN terminals were nearly the only Telecommunications infrastructure available for the population. This study is at the present unlikely to have impact on regulation but may, in the future, have relevance for a possible revision of the
39、regulatory framework related to emergency in telecommunications services and equipment. ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 8 1 Scope The present document identifies, for the commonly fixed telecommunications networks technologies used in access and terminals, the terminal characteristics and the
40、access network behaviour that relates to emergency situations. 2 References For the purposes of this Technical Report (TR), the following references apply: 1 ETSI SR 002 180: “Requirements for communication of citizens with authorities/organizations in case of distress (emergency call handling)“. 2
41、ETSI TS 102 181: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communication between authorities/organisations during emergencies“. 3 ETSI TS 102 182: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communications from authorities/organisations to the citizens during emergencies“. 4 ETSI T
42、S 102 410: “Emergency Communications (EMTEL); Requirements for communications between citizens during emergencies“. 5 ETSI SR 002 299: “Emergency Communications; Collection of European Regulatory principles“. 6 ETSI TBR 021 (1998): “Terminal Equipment (TE); Attachment requirements for pan-European a
43、pproval for connection to the analogue Public Switched Telephone Networks (PSTNs) of TE (excluding TE supporting the voice telephony service) in which network addressing, if provided, is by means of Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) signalling“. 7 ETSI TBR 038: “Public Switched Telephone Network (PST
44、N); Attachment requirements for a terminal equipment incorporating an analogue handset function capable of supporting the justified case service when connected to the analogue interface of the PSTN in Europe“. 8 ETSI ES 201 970: “Access and Terminals (AT); Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN); H
45、armonized specification of physical and electrical characteristics at a 2-wire analogue presented Network Termination Point (NTP)“. 9 ETSI EG 201 120: “Public Switched Telephone Network (PSTN); Method of rating terminal equipment so that it can be connected in series and/or in parallel to a Network
46、Termination Point (NTP)“. 10 ETSI TBR 003/A1: “Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Attachment requirements for terminal equipment to connect to an ISDN using ISDN basic access“. 11 ETSI TBR 004: “Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Attachment requirements for terminal equipment to co
47、nnect to an ISDN using ISDN primary rate access“. 12 ETSI TBR 008: “Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN); Telephony 3,1 kHz teleservice; Attachment requirements for handset terminals“. 13 ETSI EG 202 132: “Human Factors (HF); User Interfaces; Guidelines for generic user interface elements for
48、mobile terminals and services“. 14 ETSI TR 102 125: “Human Factors (HF); Potential harmonized UI elements for mobile terminals and services“. 15 ETSI EG 202 325: “Human Factors (HF); User Profile Management“. 16 ETSI ES 202 076: “Human Factors (HF); User Interfaces; Generic spoken command vocabulary
49、 for ICT devices and services“. ETSI ETSI TR 103 180 V1.2.1 (2005-11) 9 17 ETSI ES 202 020: “Speech Processing, Transmission and Quality Aspects (STQ); Harmonized Pan-European/North-American approach to loss and level planning for voice gateways to IP based networks“. 18 ETSI EN 300 401: “Radio Broadcasting Systems; Digital Audio Broadcasting (DAB) to mobile, portable and fixed receivers“. 19 ETSI TR 101 806: “Human Factors (HF); Guidelines for Telecommunication Relay Services for Text Telephones“. 20 ETSI TS 102 302-1: “Teleco
