1、 ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) Low Throughput Network (LTN); Use Cases and System Characteristics TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 2 Reference DTR/ERM-TG28-505 Keywords LTN, radio, SRD, use case ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4
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7、ion in all media. ETSI 2017. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. oneM2M logo is pro
8、tected for the benefit of its Members. GSM and the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 7g32 References 7g32.1 Normative r
9、eferences . 7g32.2 Informative references 7g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 8g33.1 Definitions 8g33.2 Abbreviations . 9g34 Application Domains 9g35 Example applications and use cases . 11g35.1 Smart Metering . 11g35.1.0 General 11g35.1.1 Water Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to
10、 ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the
11、existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Trademarks The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners. ETS
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13、ons associated with those trademarks. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM). The present document contains use cases and system requirements to support the development of an LTN standard. Modal
14、 verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deli
15、verables except when used in direct citation. Introduction Low Throughput Network (LTN) is a wide area wireless network technology with specific characteristics compared to existing radio networks. Deployments of LTN Systems include Base Stations and End Points which communicate over an air interfac
16、e. End Points (typically a large number) are arranged predominantly in a star configuration around each base station, each base station is connected to the core network. In a small minority of cases (e.g. to provide connectivity in a hard-to-reach location) relays are used. LTN enables long range da
17、ta transportation (distances up to 40 km in open field) whilst being suited for mains or battery powered End Point operation. Typical Use Cases include communicating with underground equipment where high radio path losses and extremely long operating life from batteries are required, as well as stre
18、et lighting control where high densities of End Points are required. LTN systems connect indoor and outdoor End Points, in urban and rural environments. Furthermore, the low throughput transmission combined with advanced signal processing provides effective protection against interference. As a cons
19、equence, LTN is particularly well adapted for low throughput reliable machine to machine (M2M) communication. LTN can be applied to autonomous battery operated M2M devices that sends only a few bytes per day, week or month. The elements provided in the document are intended to identify Use Cases and
20、 System Requirements for LTN Systems. ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 6 Clause 4 provides an overview of the main applications foreseen for LTN networks and estimates the numbers of LTN devices that applications may give rise to. Clause 5 lists typical Use Cases with their individual character
21、istics and associated constraints and goes into some use cases in more detail than Clause 4. Clause 6 summarizes the key attributes that LTN technology should exhibit to allow the above Use Cases to be realized. Clause 7 describes characteristics of LTN systems, mainly arising from the use cases ana
22、lysis. These LTN system characteristics are expected to be used in the development of the architecture and protocols specifications of LTN. ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 7 1 Scope The present document provides illustrative use cases for LTN Systems and key characteristics of such systems to
23、support the development of the LTN Standard. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Normative references are not applicable in the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. F
24、or specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term valid
25、ity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI GS LTN 001 (V1.1.1): “Low Throughput Networks (LTN); Use Cases for Low Throughput Networks“. i.2 TALQ: “TALQ Specification
26、 Overview“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.talq-consortium.org/data/downloadables/2/4/20150318-talq-specification-overview-white-paper.pdf. i.3 Analysis Mason: “Low-powered wireless solutions have the potential to increase the M2M market by over 3 billion connections“. NOTE: Available at http:/ i.4 En
27、ergy Saving Trust: “A Guide to Telematics“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/businesses/sites/default/files/Telematics%2Bguide_WEB%2BONLY.pdf. i.5 Department of Transport (UK) FBP1042: “Telematics for Efficient Road Freight Operations“. NOTE: Available at http:/webarchive.nation
28、alarchives.gov.uk/20110615041210/http:/www.freightbestpractice.org.uk/categories/3505_551_publications.aspx?filter=69,Guide. i.6 IPPR: “Implementing Pay-As-You-Drive Vehicle Insurance“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.ippr.org/files/uploadedFiles/events/ToddLitman.pdf?noredirect=1. i.7 National Bureau
29、of Economic Research: “Measuring Positive Externalities from Unobservable Victim Precaution: An Empirical Analysis of Lojack“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.nber.org/papers/w5928. ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 8 i.8 Insurance Europe aisbl: “European Motor Insurance Markets Nov 2015“. NOTE: Av
30、ailable at https:/www.insuranceeurope.eu/european-motor-insurance-markets. i.9 ERC Recommendation 70-03 (Annex 1 h1.6): “Relating to the use of Short Range Devices (SRD)“. NOTE: Available at http:/www.erodocdb.dk/docs/doc98/official/pdf/rec7003e.pdf. i.10 ETSI EN 300 220: “Short Range Devices (SRD)
31、operating in the frequency range 25 MHz to 1 000 MHz“. i.11 FCC CFR Part 15.247: “Operation within the bands 902928 MHz, 24002483.5 MHz, and 57255850 MHz“. i.12 ARIB STD/T108: “920MHz-Band Telemeter, Telecontrol and Data Transmission Radio Equipment“. i.13 FIPS PUB 197: “National Institute of Standa
32、rds and Technology Federal Information Processing Standard Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: 1-way: user data transmission to/from a specific End Point in either up
33、link or downlink direction, not both NOTE: No acknowledgement of message receipt is possible. 1,5-way: user data transmission to/from a specific End Point in either uplink or downlink direction, not both, but where limited return channel capacity is available for acknowledgement messages to be sent
34、2-way: user data transmission between a specific End Point and Base Station in both uplink and downlink directions NOTE: Acknowledgement of message receipt is possible. Base Station (BS): radio hub of an LTN system core network: one or more servers connecting base stations to network applications do
35、wnlink: wireless link from the Base Station towards the End Point end point: leaf node of an LTN system link budget: maximum tolerable path loss from the transmitter antenna connector to that at the receiver for acceptable link performance on a static channel LTN family: instantiation of the LTN sta
36、ndard with tailored technical parameters LTN standard: technical specifications developed by ETSI which describe the architecture and protocols of LTN systems LTN system: high capacity star-based network, with high rejection of interference and noise, dedicated for low power IoT connectivity over sh
37、ared spectrum NOTE 1: The geographical deployment of an LTN system may vary on scale between local and global, including discontinuous coverage. NOTE 2: See clause 6.2.1 for the categorization of deployment areas used in the present document. multicast: downlink communication from a Base Station to
38、multiple End Points ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 9 relay point: radio node that relays radio packets for a small number of end points static channel: radio channel with no impairments other than attenuation EXAMPLE: Channel with no time variance, fading or multipath. unicast: 1-way, 1,5-way
39、 or 2-way communication between a Base Station and a specific End Point uplink: wireless link from the End Point towards the Base Station 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: 3G 3rdGeneration Cellular BS Base Station CO Carbon Monoxide CO2 Ca
40、rbon DioxideDC Duty CycleDL Downlink DR Demand Response ECG ElectroCardioGramEP End Point EPC Electronic Product Code ERC European Radio communication Committee ERP Effective Radiated Power FCC Federal Communication Commission FPI Fault Passage Indicator GDP Gross Domestic Product GPS Global Positio
41、ning System IHD In Home Display LPG Liquified Petroleum Gas LPWA Low Power Wide Area LTN Low Throughput Network LV Low Voltage M2M Machine to Machine MCL Minimum Coupling Loss MV Medium Voltage OTA Over The Air RFID Radio Frequency Identification RTC Real Time Clock RTLS Real Time Location System SL
42、A Service Level Agreement UK United Kingdom UL UplinkUNB Ultra-Narrow Band VOC Volatile Organic Compounds 4 Application Domains A large and varied range of applications is envisaged for LPWA systems, and LTN systems are a subset of LPWA systems. Analysts see the LPWA market as largely additive to ce
43、llular technology i.3. This clause provides an overview of the main applications foreseen and estimates the numbers of LPWA devices to which these applications may give rise. ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 10 Table 1 sets out some of the application domains in which LTN can be used. Table 1:
44、Domains of application and use cases Domain Sub-domain Use case Metering Water monitoring of electricity usage; support of asset management locations Parking Management Availability monitoring; support for enforcement and payment systems Self Service bike rental Bike 1,5-way describes a flow which i
45、s mainly uplink but also requires a lower level of DL flow. Table 5: Low expectation metering characteristics Need Period Payload (raw data) Communication mode Consumption sampling (log) 1/hour to 1/day N/A N/A (local storage) Index transmission 1/day to 1/month, periodic barb2right 10 bytes (one in
46、dex) barb2right 200 bytes + wake up preamble (optional) 1-way 1,5-way Downlink command (valve, tariff modification, etc.) 1/month to 1/year 5 to 50 bytes 1,5-way or 2-way Firmware upgrade Over-The-Air (OTA) Optional 1,5-way or 2-way Alarm transmission Occasionally 6 to 25 bytes 1-way or 1,5-way Conn
47、ectivity (check-alive) 1/day to 1/month At least 1 byte 1,5-way or 2-way Real Time Clock (RTC) update 1/day to 1/month Up to 10 bytes 1,5-way or 2-way Battery status update 1/day to 1/month Up to 10 bytes 1 or 1,5-way Encryption key update Optional 2-way In-Home Display (IHD) communication (see note
48、) 1/day (optional) barb2right 10 bytes barb2right 200 bytes 1 or 1,5-way Maintenance 1/month to 1/year 10 bytes to 1 kByte 1,5-way or 2-way NOTE: A fast update, fully featured, In Home Display (IHD) is considered to be part of a separate Home Area Network not compatible with LTN technology. A low up
49、date rate remote display of a meter reading is the Use Case envisaged here. ETSI ETSI TR 103 249 V1.1.1 (2017-10) 13 5.1.2 Electricity metering Electricity metering has a similar segmentation as the tables above, with high expectation and low expectation requirements. Table 6: High expectation electricity metering characteristics Need Period Payload (raw data)Communicat
