1、 ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) Network Technologies (NTECH); ENUM/ENUM-like options for Number Portability and actual use cases TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) 2Reference DTR/NTECH-00004-NNAR-ENUM Keywords DNS, enum, NP ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis C
2、edex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The present document can be downloaded from: http:/www.etsi.org The present document may be made avai
3、lable in electronic versions and/or in print. The content of any electronic and/or print versions of the present document shall not be modified without the prior written authorization of ETSI. In case of any existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions and/or in print, the only
4、 prevailing document is the print of the Portable Document Format (PDF) version kept on a specific network drive within ETSI Secretariat. Users of the present document should be aware that the document may be subject to revision or change of status. Information on the current status of this and othe
5、r ETSI documents is available at http:/portal.etsi.org/tb/status/status.asp If you find errors in the present document, please send your comment to one of the following services: http:/portal.etsi.org/chaircor/ETSI_support.asp Copyright Notification No part may be reproduced or utilized in any form
6、or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and microfilm except as authorized by written permission of ETSI. The content of the PDF version shall not be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in al
7、l media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2014. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organiz
8、ational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) 3Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 In
9、formative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 7g33.1 Definitions 7g33.2 Abbreviations . 9g34 Basic concept of the present document 9g34.1 Original meaning of ENUM and Number portability . 9g34.2 Background for ENUM-like mechanisms 10g34.3 Incorporating NP mechanisms into ENUM-like mechan
10、isms 10g34.4 Actual use cases, studies by other SDOs or other organizations 10g34.5 Target of the present document 10g35 Options for number portability solution . 10g35.1 Overview 10g35.2 No sharing of NPDBs among operators (Solution A) 12g35.3 Mesh interconnection of NPDBs (Solution B) . 12g35.4 Re
11、fNPDB (Solution C) . 12g35.5 National OpDB (Solution D) 12g35.6 Realtime Query of OpDB (Solution E) 12g36 Possible options in terms of ENUM/ENUM-like solution for number portability 13g36.1 Overview 13g36.2 Local ENUM with no sharing of NP data among operators (NP/ENUM-option 1) . 15g36.3 Local ENUM
12、 with common/shared NP data among operators (NP/ENUM-option 2) 15g36.4 National ENUM with collective NP data from all operators (NP/ENUM-option 3) 15g36.5 Hierarchical ENUM (NP/ENUM-option 4) 16g37 Review on the new/old combination phase 17g37.1 Example 1: Call routing/database lookup method employe
13、d during the new/old combination phase for transition type “Solution C = Option 2“ . 17g37.2 Example 2: Call routing/database lookup method employed during the new/old combination phase for transition type “Solution A = Option 1“ . 19g38 Conclusions 20g3Annex A: Conceptual overview of options for EN
14、UM-like solution 21g3A.1 Procedure for creating options for ENUM-like solution based on actual use cases . 21g3A.2 Documents to be referred . 21g3A.2.1 TR 184 003 . 21g3A.2.2 Recommendation ITU-T E.164 Supplement 2 . 22g3A.2.3 GSMA IR.67 23g3A.3 Creating conceptual overview of options for ENUM-like
15、solution - 1 23g3A.3.1 Establishing a correspondence between the use cases covered in TR 184 003 and the actual use cases in the United States/the Netherlands 23g3A.3.2 Creating options for ENUM-like solution based on actual use cases in the United States/the Netherlands . 25g3A.4 Creating conceptua
16、l overview of options for ENUM-like solution - 2 26g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) 4A.4.1 Establishing a correspondence between the use cases covered in TR 184 003 and GSMA IR.67 . 26g3A.4.2 Creating options for ENUM-like solution based on use cases provided in GSMA IR.67 27g3A.5 Creating co
17、nceptual overview of options for ENUM-like solution - 3 27g3A.5.1 Creating options for ENUM-like solution based on a German ENUM implementation 27g3A.6 Existing options for establishing NP mechanisms and their corresponding options for establishing ENUM-like mechanisms 28g3Annex B: Bibliography 30g3
18、History 31g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) 5Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can
19、be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IP
20、R Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword Thi
21、s Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Network Technologies (NTECH). Some material contained herein is the copyright of, or has been supplied by ITU-T. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “may not“, “need
22、“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Introduction In voice and
23、 multimedia IP-based networks (NGN included), E.164 numbers are, and will continue to be used as the basic (primary) identifier that enables the originating party to establish a call/communication with an end-user or a service. In this context, infrastructure ENUM systems, being an effective mechani
24、sm for mapping E.164 numbers to URIs that identify the network actually serving these E.164 numbers and are usable inside DNS systems for routing purposes, are currently being implemented inside networks, or are expected to be implemented at some point in the near future. On the other hand number po
25、rtability (NP), has now for some time operated within each country based on standard technical solutions (usually NP mechanisms defined by ITU-T and ETSI on traditional telephone technology), nationally adapted and implemented with country-specific characteristics. Since large investments towards im
26、plementing and operating number portability have already been spent by the telecommunications operators within each country, and typically such NP solutions work, it is likely that the options to be selected for establishing ENUM mechanisms will be based on safeguarding the national investments alre
27、ady done, following progressive network technological evolutions towards NGN. So it can be assumed that ENUM mechanisms, when used inside NGN IP-based networks, will in principle conform with the existing national number portability solutions already adopted and working within each country; therefor
28、e there will be a number of different options suitable for establishing ENUM mechanisms without necessarily changing or evolving existing NP technical solutions. It is important to remark that ENUM is, first of all, a hierarchical system that extends the DNS system, following in principle the same a
29、pproach, and ENUM is also a standard “query“ protocol to derive, based on E.164 numbers, the appropriate routing information, that is usable inside IP-based networks. These ENUM components are part of the ENUM system, also in the case of ENUM query mechanisms implemented inside existing NP solutions
30、 (referred as ENUM-like non standard solutions). ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) 61 Scope The present document aims to lay out and organize the various available options for establishing ENUM or ENUM-like mechanisms for number portability, and to establish a correspondence between these availa
31、ble options and actual use cases in the world that are currently under implementation or are expected to be so in the near future. 2 References References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only th
32、e cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperli
33、nks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. 2.1 Normative references The following referenced documents are necessary for the application of the present document. Not applicable. 2.2 Informative references The following reference
34、d documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI TR 101 122 (V1.1.1): “Network Aspects (NA); Numbering and addressing for Number Portability“. i.2 ITU-T Supplement 2 to E.164 (2014): “Supplement 2: N
35、umber portability“. i.3 Recommendation ITU-T E.101 (2009): “Definitions of terms used for identifiers (names, numbers, addresses and other identifiers) for public telecommunication services and networks in the E-series Recommendation“. i.4 IETF RFC 6116: “The E.164 to Uniform Resource Identifiers (U
36、RI) Dynamic Delegation Discovery System (DDDS) Application (ENUM)“. i.5 Recommendation ITU-T E.164 (2010): “The international public telecommunication numbering plan“. i.6 IETF RFC 5067: “Infrastructure ENUM Requirements“. i.7 ETSI TR 184 003: “Telecommunications and Internet converged Services and
37、Protocols for Advanced Networking (TISPAN); Portability of telephone numbers between operators for Next Generation Networks (NGNs)“. i.8 GSMA IR.67 version 8.0 (23 November 2012): “DNS/ENUM Guidelines for Service Providers directory number: number adhering to the national E.164 numbering plan, used
38、by the originating party to establish a call/communication to an end user or a service NOTE: Source Recommendation ITU-T E.101 i.3. The E.101 definition has been modified here to be independent of the network technology, e.g. NGN, PSTN/ISDN and other technologies. ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-0
39、7) 93.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ACQ All Call Query CD Call DropbackCRDB Central Reference Data Base DB Data Base DNS Domain Name System ENUM tElephone NUMber mapping GSMA Global System For Mobile Communications Association IETF Inter
40、net Engineering Task Force IMS IP Multimedia Subsystem IP Internet Protocol ISDN Integrated Services Digital Network ISUP ISDN User Part NAPTR Naming Authority Pointer NGN Next Generation Network NopDB National Operational Data Base NP Number Portability NPA Numbering Plan Administrator NPD NP Data
41、NPDB Number Portability Data Base NPRI NP Routing Information NS Name Server OP Operator OpDB Operational Data Base OR Onward Routeing PLMN Public Land Mobile Network QoR Query on Release PSTN Public Switched Telephone Network RefNPDB Reference Number Portability Data Base SG Study Group SIP Session
42、 Initiation Protocol SIP-I SIP with encapsulated ISUP SPP Service Provider Portability TLD Top Level Domain URI Uniform Resource Identifier 4 Basic concept of the present document 4.1 Original meaning of ENUM and Number portability The ENUM system is defined and bound to a distributed, decentralized
43、, hierarchical organization of numbers, in which every provider makes available the numbers currently handled, in principle, through a local ENUM system that is part of an infrastructure ENUM hierarchy. On the one hand if a Central Reference Data Base can exist, it is not in principle involved in th
44、e real-time handling of the calls, but it can be used as a national repository. For this reason this Administrative Central Reference Data Base is considered technically distinct from the ENUM system; in addition it will not in principle be a pre-requisite for the ENUM system implementation and will
45、 not influence nor change the intrinsic characteristics of the ENUM system itself, which is defined in international and ETSI normative and technical specifications. Thus it is not a requirement for the ENUM implementation to change or evolve existing NP models, since the infrastructure ENUM system
46、can be just integrated inside existing NP solutions; in other cases the ENUM system implementation at national level can deeply impact or change existing NP solutions. ETSI ETSI TR 103 282 V1.1.1 (2014-07) 104.2 Background for ENUM-like mechanisms In IP-based networks telephone numbers are still bei
47、ng used as the basic (primary) identifier. In this context ENUM mechanisms are currently being implemented, or are expected to be implemented at some point in the near future, as a tool for mapping E.164 numbers to URIs. With ENUM system in the present document it is referred only the case of the in
48、frastructure ENUM i.6; as a consequence, it uses a “technical“ TLD other than the “e164.arpa“, which is used for public or User ENUM. An ENUM-like system is a system providing capabilities similar to those provided by the standardized infrastructure ENUM. It should be noted that TR 184 003 i.7 descr
49、ibes the opportunity to use also other technologies than ENUM for providing NP in NGN mainly for coping with a very heterogeneous network environment. 4.3 Incorporating NP mechanisms into ENUM-like mechanisms If ENUM or ENUM-like mechanisms are to be used as a tool for call establishment, giving adequate consideration for number portability (NP) would be indispensable. Since large investments towards NP implementation/operation have already been spent within each country, a reasonable form of implementing ENUM-like mechanisms would be to implement them a
