1、 ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) Environmental Engineering (EE); Mobile Network (MN) Energy Consumption (EC) estimation method; Energy estimation method based on statistical approach TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) 2 Reference DTR/EE-EEPS29 Keywords access, base station, ener
2、gy management, GSM, LTE, network, power measurement, radio, UMTS, WCDMA ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N
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9、(2018-04) 3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Abbreviations . 7g34 RAN Energy Consumption
10、 Estimation Method . 7g34.1 General description. 7g34.2 Basic Estimation Method . 8g34.2.1 Select a Confidence Level 8g34.2.2 Specify the Sample Size “n“ . 8g34.2.3 Select the Random Sample of Base Station Sites . 9g34.2.4 Choose a Measurement Period 9g34.2.5 Measure the Energy Consumption of the Ba
11、se Station Site Sample . 10g34.2.6 Estimate the Radio Access Network Energy Consumption 10g34.2.7 Calculate the Margin of Error of the Mobile Network Estimate . 11g34.2.8 State the Radio Access Network Energy Consumption Estimate . 11g34.3 Stratified Estimation Method . 12g34.3.1 General description
12、 . 12g34.3.2 Define the Mobile Network Strata 13g34.3.3 Divide the Mobile Network into the Site Strata 13g34.3.4 Select a Confidence Level 13g34.3.5 Specify the Sample Size “n“ . 13g34.3.6 Determine each Stratums Contribution to the Overall Sample 14g34.3.7 Select the Random Sample of Base Station S
13、ites from Each Stratum 14g34.3.8 Measure the Energy Consumption of each Stratum Sample . 14g34.3.9 Estimate the Mobile Network Energy Consumption 14g34.3.10 Calculate the Margin of Error of the Mobile Network Energy Consumption Estimate 15g34.3.11 State the Mobile Network Energy Consumption Estimate
14、 . 15g35 Future Estimations and Network Upgrades 16g35.1 General description. 16g35.2 Estimation Method as Path to Full-Network Measurements 16g3Annex A: Implementation examples Implementation of Estimation Method Using Statistical Sampling 17g3A.1 General description. 17g3A.2 Basic Estimation Metho
15、d . 18g3A.2.1 Select a Confidence Level 18g3A.2.2 Specify the Sample Size “n“ . 18g3A.2.3 Select the Random Sample of Base Station Sites . 18g3A.2.4 Choose the Measurement Period 20g3A.2.5 Measure the Energy Consumption of the Base Station Site Sample 20g3A.2.6 Estimate the Mobile Network Energy Con
16、sumption 20g3A.2.7 Calculate the Margin of Error of the Mobile Network Estimate 21g3A.2.8 State the Mobile Network Energy Consumption Estimate . 22g3A.3 Stratified Estimation Method . 22g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) 4 A.3.1 General description. 22g3A.3.2 Define the Mobile Network Strata .
17、23g3A.3.3 Divide the Mobile Network into the Site Strata . 23g3A.3.4 Select a Confidence Level 24g3A.3.5 Specify the Sample Size “n“ . 25g3A.3.6 Determine each Stratums Contribution to the Overall Sample 25g3A.3.7 Select the Random Sample of Base Station Sites from Each Stratum 25g3A.3.8 Measure the
18、 Energy Consumption of each Stratum Sample 26g3A.3.9 Estimate the Mobile Network Energy Consumption 27g3A.3.10 Calculate the Margin of Error of the Mobile Network Energy Consumption Estimate . 28g3A.3.11 State the Mobile Network Energy Consumption Estimate . 30g3Annex B: Bibliography 31g3History 32g
19、3ETSI ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) 5 Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members
20、, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to
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22、Trademarks The present document may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners. ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename.
23、Mention of those trademarks in the present document does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Environmental Engineering (EE). The present docume
24、nt has been developed in collaboration with 3GPP SA5 and RAN3; GSMA has given also valuable suggestions and contributions. Moreover, the present document is developed jointly with ITU-T SG5 Q17/5. Modal verbs terminology In the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “wil
25、l not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. Introduction In the absence of direct measurements,
26、a radio access networks energy consumption can be estimated using a simple random sample of base station sites from the mobile network. There are two estimation methods described in the present document which can be used for this purpose: the basic estimation method, and the stratified estimation me
27、thod. In the basic estimation method, the sample is created with no consideration for the constitution of the mobile network. This method is well-suited for mobile networks generally characterized as homogenous, with normal statistical distributions of energy-influencing site characteristics across
28、the network (e.g.base stations per site, radios per site). In the stratified estimation method, the sample is created while taking the constitution of the mobile network into account. This method is well-suited to mobile networks generally characterized as heterogeneous, or mobile networks with non-
29、normal statistical distributions of energy-influencing site characteristics. An example of application of these two methods is given for better readability and ease of use in annex A. ETSI ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) 6 1 Scope The present document is aimed to define an estimation method for ant
30、icipating the total energy consumption of a radio access network based on measuring energy consumption of a few randomly chosen sites. The present document is used when measuring energy consumption of the whole network is either impossible or costly to an operator. Two different methods have been pr
31、esented in the present document , one based on Basic Estimation Method and another based on stratified Estimation Method. The present document deals with any type of radio access network such as homogeneous and heterogeneous network and technologies such as GSM, UMTS and LTE. The estimation of energ
32、y consumption User Equipment (UE) is not within the scope of the present document. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Normative references are not applicable in the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number
33、 or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI
34、cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. Not applicable. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the prese
35、nt document, the following terms and definitions apply: Base Station (BS): network component which serves one or more cells and interfaces the user terminal (through air interface) and a radio access network infrastructure Energy Efficiency (EE): relation between the useful output and energy consump
36、tion Mobile Network (MN): set of equipment from the radio access network or sub-network that are relevant for the assessment of energy efficiency power consumption: power consumed by a device to achieve an intended application performance Radio Access Network (RAN): telecommunications network in whi
37、ch the access to the network (connection between user terminal and network) is implemented without the use of wires and that is part of GERAN, UTRAN or E-UTRA networks defined by 3GPP Radio Access Network Energy Consumption (RANEC): overall energy consumption of equipment included in the RAN under i
38、nvestigation ETSI ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) 7 Telecommunication Network (TN): network operated under a license granted by a national telecommunications authority, which provides telecommunications between Network Termination Points (NTPs) 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present docu
39、ment, the following abbreviations apply: 3GPP 3G (mobile) Partnership Project BS Base Station CL Confidence of Level EC Energy Consumption E-UTRA Evolved UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network GERAN GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network GSM Global System for Mobile communication GSMA GSM AssociationICT Infor
40、mation Communications Technology ITU International Telecommunications Union ITU-T International Telecommunications Union - Telecommunication LTE Long Term Evolution MN Mobile Network PDF Probability Distribution Function RAN Radio Access Network RF Radio Frequency T Period of Time over the estimate
41、is made TLAF Transmission Loss Adjustment Factor UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication Service UTRAN UMTS Terrestrial Radio Access Network 4 RAN Energy Consumption Estimation Method 4.1 General description A simple random sample of radio access network energy consumption is supported by the follow
42、ing definitions: A RAN is a population consisting of “N“ base station sites. A sample from the RAN population consists of “n“ base station sites. All possible samples of “n“ base station sites from the RAN population are equally likely to occur. Each sample of the RAN population has a mean site ener
43、gy consumption of g1876g3114g3365. The value of g1876g3114g3365 serves as an estimate of the true mean site energy consumption for the entire RAN (denoted as g2020). The size (n) of each RAN sample needs to be sufficiently large such that all possible values of mean site energy consumption g4666g187
44、6g3114g3365g4667 form a normal (or near normal) sample distribution. The mean of the sample distribution (g2020g3051uni0305) is also the true mean of the site energy consumption g4666g2020g4667 for the entire RAN, as shown in figure 1. ETSI ETSI TR 103 540 V1.1.1 (2018-04) 8 Figure 1: Normal Distrib
45、ution of a Randomly Sampled Population Using the above definitions, the radio access networks energy consumption is estimated by multiplying the sample estimate of the mean site energy consumption (g1876g3114g3365g4667 by the number of sites in the mobile network population g4666g1840g4667. g1831g18
46、29g3019g3002g3015uni002Cg3051uni0305g3404uni0009g1840uni2219g1876g3114g3365 The above estimate of RAN energy consumption also includes some indication of its accuracy relative to the true RAN energy consumption value. Therefore, energy consumption estimates are expressed as a confidence interval con
47、sisting of: The sample estimate of the RAN energy consumption g4666g1831g1829g3019g3002g3015uni002Cg3051uni0305g4667, extrapolated from the sample mean (g1876uni0305g3036g4667. The amount of time g4666g1846g4667 covered by the energy consumption estimate. A margin of error expressing the maximum exp
48、ected difference between the true energy consumption of the RAN and the sample estimate. The confidence level (g1829g1838) in the sampling method. Specifically, it reflects the percentage of sample estimates whose mean energy consumption and margin of error are expected to include the true mean site
49、 energy consumption. Based on the above, a RAN energy consumption estimate is expressed in the following form: The uni0043uni004Cg3uni0025 confidence interval for the mobile network energy consumption over a period of T is uni0045uni0043g2902g2885g2898uni002Cg2934g3364g3399uni004Duni0045g3uni0025uni0009uni0057uni0061uni0074uni0074 uni2219uni0048uni006Funi0075uni0072uni0073 As an example, an estimate of a mobile networks energy consumption would be expressed as follows: The uni0039uni0035g3uni0025 confidence interval for the energy consumed by the mobi
