1、 ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05) TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution (TCCE); Interworking between TETRA and 3GPP mission critical services; Part 2: Security of interworking between TETRA and Broadband applications TECHNICAL REPORT ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)2 Reference DTR/TCC
2、E-06192 Keywords broadband, radio, TETRA ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de Grasse (06) N 7803/88 Important notice The pr
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7、ot be modified without the written authorization of ETSI. The copyright and the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. ETSI 2018. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTETMar
8、e trademarks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. oneM2M logo is protected for the benefit of its Members. GSMand the GSM logo are trademarks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)3 Contents Intellect
9、ual Property Rights 5g3Foreword . 5g3Modal verbs terminology 5g3Introduction 5g31 Scope 6g32 References 6g32.1 Normative references . 6g32.2 Informative references 6g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Abbreviations . 7g34 Interworking overview . 7g34.1 Interworking realizat
10、ion . 7g34.2 Use cases 8g34.3 Security aspects of interworking 8g35 Threats 8g35.1 General . 8g35.2 Masquerade and impersonation 8g35.3 Eavesdropping 9g35.4 Traffic analysis . 9g35.5 Denial of service . 9g35.6 Manipulation/insertion . 10g35.7 Extraction of security information 10g35.8 Replay 10g35.9
11、 Repudiation 10g36 Security measures . 10g36.1 Service authorization 10g36.2 User authentication . 11g36.3 System authentication . 11g36.3.1 Interface authentication . 11g36.3.2 System authentication by IWF 11g36.4 Signalling protection 11g36.5 Traffic protection 11g36.6 Key management 12g36.6.1 TET
12、RA air interface security 12g36.6.2 MC service signalling security 12g36.6.3 Speech security . 12g36.6.3.1 Encryption translation . 12g36.6.3.2 Fully end to end . 13g36.7 Policy, auditing and reporting 13g36.8 Solution implementation 13g37 Threat - Security Measure Analysis . 13g37.1 Threat Summary
13、. 13g37.2 Security Measure Summary . 14g37.3 Cross Reference Table 16g38 Candidate solutions for standardization . 18g38.1 General . 18g38.2 Candidate measures for standardization . 18g38.2.1 M6.1 Service authorization . 18g38.2.2 M6.2 User authentication 18g38.2.3 M6.3 Interface authentication . 18
14、g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)4 8.2.4 M6.4 Signalling protection . 18g38.2.5 M6.5 Traffic confidentiality 18g38.2.6 M6.6 Key management . 18g38.2.7 M6.7 Policy, auditing and reporting . 19g38.2.8 M6.8 Solution implementation . 19g39 Conclusions 19g3History 20g3ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.
15、1 (2018-05)5 Intellectual Property Rights Essential patents IPRs essential or potentially essential to normative deliverables may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI S
16、R 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (https:/ipr.etsi.org/). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no inv
17、estigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or may be, or may become, essential to the present document. Trademarks The present docum
18、ent may include trademarks and/or tradenames which are asserted and/or registered by their owners. ETSI claims no ownership of these except for any which are indicated as being the property of ETSI, and conveys no right to use or reproduce any trademark and/or tradename. Mention of those trademarks
19、in the present document does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of products, services or organizations associated with those trademarks. Foreword This Technical Report (TR) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution (TCCE). Modal verbs terminology In
20、 the present document “should“, “should not“, “may“, “need not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when
21、used in direct citation. Introduction TETRA users are adopting broadband technologies based on 3GPP LTE for critical communications to add new services and capabilities to their operations. TETRA systems are required to work alongside and together with such broadband critical communications systems
22、to enable the users to benefit from the strengths of both technologies. Interworking is necessary with both the developing suite of 3GPP Mission Critical applications including MCPTT and MCData applications, and also with more general use of broadband networks for enhanced bandwidth and higher speed
23、 general data applications. The present document describes the security related aspects of such interworking between technologies. It contains use cases for secure interworking, security related issues and potential security solutions. ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)6 1 Scope The present doc
24、ument contains use cases, threats and security solutions for interworking between TETRA and 3GPP standardized mission critical broadband systems. The security solutions generated within the present document are assessed for applicability to further standardization work. The security solutions also h
25、ighlights areas which need to be solved by implementation. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Normative references are not applicable in the present document. 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or n
26、on-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the referenced document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication ETSI cannot guarantee their lo
27、ng term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 ETSI TR 103 565: “TETRA and Critical Communications Evolution (TCCE); Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Study int
28、o interworking between TETRA and 3GPP mission critical services“. i.2 3GPP TR 23.782: “Study on mission critical communication interworking between LTE and non-LTE systems“. i.3 ETSI EN 300 392-7: “Terrestrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Voice plus Data (V+D); Part 7: Security“. i.4 ETSI EN 302 109: “Ter
29、restrial Trunked Radio (TETRA); Security; Synchronization mechanism for end-to-end encryption“. i.5 3GPP TS 33.180: “Security of the mission critical service“. 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: air int
30、erface encryption: encryption which protects a radio link only end-to-end encryption: encryption within or at the source end system, with the corresponding decryption occurring only within or at the destination end system ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)7 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of
31、 the present document, the following abbreviations apply: 3GPP 3rdGeneration Partnership Project AES Advanced Encryption Standard AI Air Interface AIE Air Interface Encryption BS Base Station COTS Commercial Off The Shelf DoS Denial of Service E2EE End to End Encryption eNodeB enhanced Node B GCM Ga
32、lois Counter Mode GSSI Group Short Subscriber Identity HTTPS Secure Hyper Text Transfer Protocol ID IDentity ISSI Individual Short Subscriber Identity IWF InterWorking Function LMR Land Mobile Radio LTE Long Term Evolution MC Mission Critical MCData Mission Critical Data MCPTT Mission Critical Push
33、To Talk MS Mobile Station OTAK Over The Air Key management OTAR Over The Air Rekeying PIN Personal Identification Number PLMN Public Land Mobile Network SFPG Security and Fraud Prevention Group SIP Session Initiation Protocol SRTCP Secure Real Time Protocol SRTP Secure Real-time Transport Protocol S
34、wMI Switching and Management Infrastructure TCCA The Critical Communications Association TETRA TErrestrial Trunked RAdio TLV Type Length Value TR Technical Report URI Uniform Resource Identifier XMLenc eXtensible Markup Language encryption 4 Interworking overview 4.1 Interworking realization The int
35、erworking function is realized according to ETSI TR 103 565 i.1 as an adaptation between a TETRA SwMI and the 3GPP MC system LMR interworking interface, to be specified within 3GPP Release 15, and has been studied in 3GPP TR 23.782 i.2. This is shown in figure 4.1-1. Figure 4.1-1: Concept of the int
36、erworking function ETSI ETSI TR 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)8 The interworking function provides a single logical interface between each pair of one MC service and one TETRA SwMI. Any realization of multiple interfaces between a pair of systems e.g. for resilience is outside the scope of the present d
37、ocument. Note that the interworking function in ETSI TR 103 565 i.1 specifies behaviour, and is not necessarily intended to be a specification for a physical interface device. Thus either or both of the interfaces to an interworking function may not be exposed and may be internal to the implementati
38、on of a solution. This should be taken into account when assessing the security issues. 4.2 Use cases The use cases for interworking between TETRA and 3GPP MCPTT and associated MCData services are as follow: Short term usage, where a user community is in transition from use of TETRA to use of MCPTT
39、and MCData, and requires communications between users during this activity. Short term may still require interworking for several years, especially where nationwide systems are deployed. Long term, where users use both TETRA and LTE for communications for the foreseeable future, without time limit.
40、Use of one or the other technology may be dependent on user role, on user location or communications type (e.g. use of TETRA for voice, LTE for high speed data aspects). There may be no difference in the solutions for security between a short term and a long term use of interworking; however a user
41、organization may be prepared to accept some increased level of risk for a shorter term and take an increased level of risk into account as part of a cost-benefit decision when deciding which measures to implement. Either use case may require security to be maintained fully end to end. 4.3 Security a
42、spects of interworking Each system will be responsible for managing its own security aspects, such as authorization, authentication of user or device and protection of signalling and traffic information. End to end encrypted material should be able to pass between users on both systems. There are tw
43、o goals associated with security: The solution should not affect security for any users of either system that are not involved in interworking with the other system. The solution should maintain as high a level of security as possible for users that are involved in interworking communications with u
44、sers in the other system. 5 Threats 5.1 General This clause details some of the threats to interworking between TETRA and MC systems. 5.2 Masquerade and impersonation The following threats are possible relating to masquerade and impersonation: Systems: one system may be impersonated at the interwork
45、ing function to the other system. Interworking function: a fake interworking function impersonates an interworking function and associated system. Clients: a client on one system may enable impersonation of another client of the same system to gain access to inter-system communications. ETSI ETSI TR
46、 103 565-2 V1.1.1 (2018-05)9 Users: a user on one system may impersonate another of the same system to gain access to inter-system communications. 5.3 Eavesdropping Eavesdropping could apply to speech or data traffic, as well as to control functions. Eavesdropping may take place on an exposed interf
47、ace in one system between clients and servers (or between clients and peripheral devices) which compromises communications on the other system during interworking communications, this could include an air interface. Eavesdropping may take place on external links to the interworking function, or in a
48、 device introduced into a link as a man in the middle device with the intention of eavesdropping on that link. Eavesdropping may take place on links to the interworking function that are internal to one system. Eavesdropping may take place within the interworking function, for example if the interwo
49、rking function needs to decrypt information received from one system prior to re-encrypting it for transmission into the other system. NOTE: The interworking function may be internal to one system, or even to both systems if a single physical infrastructure provides both TETRA and MC services. Ambience listening invoked across the interworking function (if supported) provides an additional possibility for eavesdropping on a user, without the user being aware. 5.4 Traffic analysis Access to one system discovers information concerning traff
