1、 ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07) Digital cellular telecommunications system (Phase 2+) (GSM); Feasibility study for evolved GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network (GERAN) (3GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15) TECHNICAL REPORT GLOBAL SYSTEM FOR MOBILE COMMUNICATIONSRETSI ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-0
2、7)13GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15Reference RTR/TSGR-0645912vf00 Keywords GSM ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 00 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret N 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-Prfecture de
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9、145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)23GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 15Contents Introduction 16g31 Scope 17g32 References 17g33 Abbreviations . 17g34 Objectives . 18g34.1 General . 18g34.2 Performance objectives 18g34.3 Compatibility objectives . 19g35 Conclusions and recommendations 20g35.1 Conclusions
10、and recommendations for Downlink 22g35.2 Conclusions and recommendations for Uplink . 23g35.3 Conclusions and recommendations for Latency enhancements . 23g36 Mobile station receiver diversity 23g36.1 Introduction 23g36.2 Concept description 23g36.3 Modelling Assumptions and Requirements 23g36.3.1 S
11、patial Modelling 24g36.3.2 Single input - dual output channel model . 26g36.3.3 Multiple interferer model 27g36.3.4 Channel Model Parameters . 28g36.3.4.1 Measurement results on Antenna Correlation . 29g36.3.4.1.1 Indoor, Pedestrian Speed. No repeater 29g36.3.4.1.2 Indoor, Pedestrian Speed. With rep
12、eater . 30g36.3.4.1.3 Outdoor (highway) 31g36.3.4.2 Literature Survey . 32g36.3.4.2.1 Envelope correlation 32g36.3.4.2.2 Spatial diversity . 32g36.3.4.2.3 Polarization diversity . 33g36.3.4.2.4 Antenna pattern diversity. 33g36.3.4.2.5 Mean branch power imbalance 33g36.3.4.3 Results from measurements
13、 at Ericsson Research 33g36.3.4.3.1 Envelope correlation 33g36.3.4.3.2 Mean branch power imbalance 33g36.3.4.4 Results From Simulations . 33g36.3.4.4.1 Impact of branch correlation 34g36.3.4.4.2 Impact of branch power imbalance 34g36.3.4.4.3 Phase offset 35g36.3.4.4.4 Impact of Antenna correlation F
14、actors in desired and interfering branches . 38g36.3.4.5 Discussion . 40g36.3.4.6 Parameter Selection . 40g36.4 Performance Characterization 40g36.4.1 Link Level Performance . 40g36.4.1.1 SAIC GERAN Configurations 40g36.4.1.1.1 GMSK BER . 41g36.4.1.1.2 8-PSK BER 42g36.4.1.1.3 AMR FER 43g36.4.1.1.4 G
15、PRS BLER 45g36.4.1.1.5 EGPRS BLER . 45g36.4.1.1.6 EGPRS Throughput . 47g36.4.1.2 DARP Test Scenarios (DTS). 47g36.4.1.3 Sensitivity . 50g36.4.2 System level Performance 51g36.4.2.1 Voice Capacity 51g36.4.2.1.1 Link to System Mapping . 52g36.4.2.2 Mixed Voice and HTTP traffic . 54g3ETSI ETSI TR 145 9
16、12 V15.0.0 (2018-07)33GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 156.5 Impacts to the Mobile Station. 57g36.6 Impacts to the BSS . 58g36.7 Impacts to the Core Network 58g36.8 Impacts to the Specification . 58g36.9 References 58g37 Dual-carrier and multi-carrier 59g37.1 Introduction 59g37.2 Concept descrip
17、tion 60g37.2.1 Basic concept 60g37.3 Modelling assumptions and requirements 60g37.4 Performance characterization . 60g37.4.1 Peak data rates 60g37.4.2 Window size limited TCP throughput 61g37.4.3 Error-limited TCP throughput. 61g37.4.3.1 Introduction . 61g37.4.3.2 TCP modelling 61g37.4.3.3 Multi-car
18、rier GERAN modelling 62g37.4.3.4 Results . 62g37.5 Impacts to protocol architecture . 63g37.5.1 Physical Layer 63g37.5.1.1 Modulation, multiplexing, and radio transmission 63g37.5.1.2 Channel coding . 63g37.5.1.3 Mobile capabilities 63g37.5.1.4 Channel quality measurements 63g37.5.2 RLC/MAC 64g37.5.
19、2.1 Multiplexing with legacy MSs 64g37.5.2.2 Multiplexing data on multiple carriers 64g37.5.2.2.1 Simultaneous transmission over multiple carriers . 64g37.5.2.2.2 Time-divided transmission over multiple carriers . 64g37.5.2.3 Segmentation / reassembly 64g37.5.2.4 RLC window size 64g37.5.2.5 Incremen
20、tal redundancy 65g37.5.2.6 Link adaptation . 65g37.5.2.7 Signalling 65g37.5.3 Higher layers . 65g37.6 Downlink Dual Carrier . 65g37.6.1 Overall throughput considerations for dual carrier on the downlink 65g37.6.2 Inter-carrier interleaving . 66g37.6.3 Dual-carrier diversity 66g37.6.4 Adaptation betw
21、een dual carrier and receive diversity . 66g37.6.5 Impacts to the mobile station 66g37.6.5.1 Multiple narrowband receivers 66g37.6.5.2 Wideband receiver 67g37.6.5.2.1 Larger bandwidth. 67g37.6.5.2.2 Channel separation 67g37.6.5.2.3 Blocking requirements . 67g37.6.5.3 Baseband . 68g37.7 Uplink Dual C
22、arrier 68g37.7.1 Concept description for dual carrier on the uplink 68g37.7.2 Mobile Station Capabilities 68g37.7.3 Increase in Peak Data Rate . 68g37.7.4 Decrease of Latency 69g37.7.5 Impact on Cell Coverage 69g37.7.6 Impacts to the mobile station 69g37.7.6.1 RF Architecture options 69g37.7.6.2 Eva
23、luation of option A and option B (Taken from GP-060188) . 70g37.7.6.2.1 Combining loss 70g37.7.6.2.2 Intermodulation (IM) . 70g37.7.6.2.3 Decreased efficiency due to reduced output power . 71g37.7.6.2.4 Peak power consumption . 71g37.7.6.3 Evaluation of option B (Taken from GP-052723) . 71g3ETSI ETS
24、I TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)43GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 157.7.6.3.1 PA and battery considerations . 72g37.7.6.3.2 Antenna considerations . 72g37.7.6.4 Evaluation of option C (Taken from GP-060609) . 73g37.7.6.4.1 Concept Description 73g37.7.6.4.2 System Impacts 73g37.7.6.4.3 Output Powe
25、r . 73g37.7.6.4.4 Power Efficiency . 74g37.7.6.4.5 Coverage 74g37.7.6.4.6 Frequency Planning, Frequency Hopping . 74g37.7.6.4.7 Intermodulation Interference . 74g37.7.6.5 Observations on the implementation options (Taken GP-060732) . 74g37.7.6.5.1 Base Station Architecture Impact 77g37.7.6.5.2 Dual
26、Carrier Interleaving and Constrained Dual Carrier Uplink . 77g37.7.6.5.3 System Frequency Re-Use Impact. 78g37.7.7 Impact of reduced MS power 79g37.7.7.1 Introduction . 79g37.7.7.2 Simulation setup 79g37.7.7.2.1 Network . 79g37.7.7.2.2 Dual-carrier Deployment . 80g37.7.7.2.3 Backoff 80g37.7.7.3 Resu
27、lts . 81g37.7.7.3.1 Coverage limited network . 81g37.7.7.3.2 Interference limited network . 82g37.7.8 Modified Concept for Dual Carrier in the Uplink . 82g37.7.8.1 Introduction . 82g37.7.8.2 Modified Concept . 82g37.7.8.3 Intermodulation measurements . 84g37.7.8.3.1 Measurement setup 84g37.7.8.3.2 A
28、nalysis of IM3 measurements . 85g37.7.8.3.3 Analysis of IM5 measurements . 87g37.7.8.3.4 Analysis of IM2 . 88g37.7.8.4 Dual carrier architecture with minimal single-carrier operation impact 89g37.7.8.4.1 Introduction . 89g37.7.8.4.2 TX architecture 89g37.7.8.4.3 Throughput in coverage limited scenar
29、io 90g37.7.9 Discussion on Uplink Coverage 91g37.7.9.1 Introduction . 91g37.7.9.2 Assumptions for power reductions and power consumption . 91g37.7.9.3 Receiver and Network model 91g37.7.9.4 Results . 92g37.7.9.4.1 Cell border . 92g37.7.9.4.2 Median coverage . 92g37.7.10 Improvements for DTM and MBMS
30、 93g37.7.10.1 Assumptions 93g37.7.10.2 Gains for DTM Multislot Capacity . 94g37.7.10.3 CS Connection setup while in packet transfer mode . 94g37.7.10.4 Gains for MBMS + CS 95g37.7.11 Performance enhancing features . 96g37.7.11.1 Intercarrier Interleaving 96g37.7.11.1.1 Introduction . 96g37.7.11.1.2
31、Link level gains by intercarrier interleaving 96g37.7.11.2 Advanced Coding Schemes . 97g37.8 Impacts to the BSS . 98g37.9 Impacts to the Core Network 98g37.10 Radio network planning aspects . 98g37.10.1 Analysis for Option C . 98g37.10.1.1 Introduction . 98g37.10.1.2 Legacy Frequency Planning 98g37.
32、10.1.3 Impact of Wideband transmitter on legacy frequency planning 99g37.10.1.3.1 FLP-1/1 or 1/3 . 99g37.10.1.3.2 MRP 101g37.10.1.4 Extended frequency allocation 101g3ETSI ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)53GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 157.10.1.4.1 Introduction . 101g37.10.1.4.2 Description
33、of Extended Frequency Allocation . 101g37.10.1.4.3 Impact of EFA on the BTS 102g37.10.1.4.3 Separation of carriers . 105g37.10.1.5 Evaluation of network performance 105g37.10.1.5.1 Setup 105g37.10.1.5.2 Results . 106g37.11 Impacts to the specifications 106g37.12 References 107g38 Higher Order Modula
34、tion and Turbo Codes 107g38.1 Introduction 107g38.2 Concept Description . 108g38.2.1 Higher Order Modulations 108g38.2.1.1 Square 16QAM Modulation 108g38.2.1.2 Other 16-ary Modulations . 109g38.2.1.3 32QAM Modulation 109g38.2.2 Channel Coding 110g38.2.3 Symbol Mapping and Interleaving 110g38.2.4 Hea
35、der Block 110g38.2.5 USF Signaling . 111g38.2.6 Link Adaptation 111g38.2.7 Incremental Redundancy Combining 111g38.2.8 Multislot Classes . 111g38.2.9 Non-core Components 111g38.2.9.1 Dual Carrier. 111g38.2.9.2 MS Receiver Diversity 111g38.3 Modelling Assumptions and Requirements 112g38.3.1 Transmitt
36、er Impairments . 112g38.3.2 Receiver Impairments . 113g38.3.3 Equalizer . 113g38.4 Performance Characterization 113g38.4.1 Implementation Set A . 113g38.4.1.1 Modelling assumptions and requirements . 113g38.4.1.2 Comparison of BLER Performance 114g38.4.1.3 Link Performance with Link Adaptation . 115
37、g38.4.1.4 System Simulation Results 116g38.4.2 Implementation B . 119g38.4.2.1 Introduction . 119g38.4.2.2 Basic Link Layer Performance 119g38.4.2.2.1 BER Performance 119g38.4.2.2.2 BLER Performance . 120g38.4.2.2.3 Throughput 122g38.4.2.3 Impact of Frequency Hopping. 122g38.4.2.4 Impact of Incremen
38、tal Redundancy 123g38.4.2.5 Impact of Propagation Environment . 123g38.4.2.6 Impact of RX and TX Impairments . 124g38.4.2.7 Impact of RRC Pulse Shaping . 125g38.4.2.8 Evaluation of Performance 126g38.4.3 Implementation C . 127g38.4.3.1 Channel coding . 127g38.4.3.1.1 EGPRS. 127g38.4.3.1.2 Convolutio
39、nal Codes with 16QAM . 127g38.4.3.1.3 Turbo Codes with 8-PSK Modulation . 127g38.4.3.1.4 Turbo Codes with 16QAM Modulation 128g38.4.3.2 Modulation 128g38.4.3.3 Pulse Shaping 128g38.4.3.4 Link performance Evaluation 128g38.4.3.4.1 Simulation Assumptions 128g38.4.3.4.2 Link Level Results . 129g38.4.3.
40、5 Link-to-system Interface . 130g38.4.3.6 System Level Results 130g3ETSI ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)63GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 158.4.3.6.1 Simulation Assumptions 130g38.4.3.6.2 Results . 131g38.4.3.7 Increased Peak Throughput with 16QAM and Turbo Codes 141g38.4.3.7.1 Modulation, Co
41、ding and Interleaving 141g38.4.3.7.2 Link Performance 142g38.4.3.7.3 System Performance 145g38.4.3.8 16QAM with Alternative Transmit Pulse Shaping . 147g38.4.3.8.1 Link Performance 147g38.4.3.8.2 Spectrum 149g38.4.3.8.3 Discussion . 150g38.4.3.9 Higher order modulation than 16-QAM 150g38.4.3.9.1 Mod
42、ulation, coding and interleaving . 150g38.4.3.9.2 Interference Rejection Combining, IRC 151g38.4.3.9.3 Results . 152g38.4.3.10 Comparison between DFSE and RSSE Performance 159g38.4.3.11 Discussion . 160g38.4.3.11.1 Link Level Performance 160g38.4.3.11.2 System Level Performance 160g38.4.4 Implementa
43、tion Set D . 161g38.4.4.1 Performance Characterisation . 161g38.4.4.1.1 Uncoded BER Performance . 161g38.4.4.1.2 BLER Performance of Turbo Coding with 8PSK . 162g38.4.4.1.3 BLER Performance of Turbo Coding with 16QAM 162g38.4.4.1.4 Comparison to Ericsson Results 163g38.4.4.1.5 Graphs for Co-Channel
44、Interferer Case (TU3iFH) 165g38.4.4.1.6 Graphs for Sensitivity Limited Case (TU3iFH) 168g38.4.4.1.7 Throughput Performance Gain 172g38.4.4.1.8 Number of Turbo Decoding Iterations 183g38.4.4.1.9 Improved Cell Edge Performance . 185g38.4.4.1.10 System Performance 188g38.4.4.1.11 32QAM Modulation 189g3
45、8.4.4.2 Comparison of Different Coding Configurations for Higher Order Modulation and Turbo Coding Schemes 199g38.4.4.2.1 HOMTC Coding Scheme Configurations . 199g38.4.4.2.2 Performance Characterization . 199g38.4.4.2.3 Discussion . 203g38.4.4.3 Impact of Blind Modulation Detection . 203g38.4.4.3.1
46、Blind Modulation Detection 203g38.4.4.3.2 Simulation Configuration 204g38.4.4.3.3 Performance Results 204g38.4.4.3.4 Discussion . 204g38.4.4.3.5 Conclusion. 204g38.5 Symbol Mapping of Turbo Coded Bits 204g38.5.1 Symbol mapping for 16-QAM Modulation 205g38.5.2.1 Concept description . 205g38.5.2.2 16-
47、QAM Symbol Mapping of Turbo Coded Bits 205g38.5.2 Performance Evaluation 208g38.6 Higher Order Modulation, Turbo Codes Combined with MS Receiver Diversity . 208g38.6.1 Simulation Model . 208g38.6.2 Simulation Results 209g38.6.2.1 Interference Limited Scenario . 209g38.6.2.2 Sensitivity Limited Scena
48、rio . 210g38.6.3 Discussion . 211g38.6.3.1 Interference Limited Scenario . 211g38.6.3.2 Noise Limited Scenario . 212g38.7 Modified 16-ary Constellations for Higher Order Modulation and Turbo Coding Schemes . 212g38.7.1 Introduction. 212g38.7.2 Circular 16APK Constellations . 212g38.7.2.1 PAPR and Dy
49、namic Range Comparison . 213g38.7.3 Logical Channel Configurations . 213g38.7.4 Performance Characterisation . 214g38.7.4.1 Uncoded BER Performance 214g3ETSI ETSI TR 145 912 V15.0.0 (2018-07)73GPP TR 45.912 version 15.0.0 Release 158.7.4.2 BLER Performance . 215g38.7.4.2.1 Sensitivity Limited Channel 215g38.7.4.2.2 Interference Limited Channel 215g38.7a Blind modulation detection performance . 218g38.7a.1 Introduction. 218g38.7a.2 Blind modulation detection . 219g38.7a.3 Simulation conditions . 219g38.7a.4 Results 219g38.7a.4.1 Single-antenna receiver . 220g38.7a.4.2 Dual-antenn
