1、ETSI TS 102 024-4 V4.1.1 (2003-01) Technical Specificafion Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 4; End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON Systems; Part 4: Quality of Service Management 2 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) Reference DTS/TIPHON-0501 OR4
2、 Keywords IP, management, QoS, telephony, VolP ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-O6921 Sophia Antipolis Cedex - FRANCE Tel.: +33 4 92 94 42 O0 Fax: +33 4 93 65 47 16 Siret No 348 623 562 00017 - NAF 742 C Association but non lucratif enregistre la Sous-prfecture de Grasse (06) No 7803/88 Important notic
3、e Individual copies of the present document can be downloaded from: http:lwmv.etsi .arq The present document may be made available in more than one electronic version or in print. In any case of existing or perceived difference in contents between such versions, the reference version is the Portable
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5、 the current status of this and other ETSI documents is available at ha p:/pa rta I. etsi I a rgltbistat uslstatus .as p If you find errors in the present document, send your comment to: Cori vriaht Notifica tion No part may be reproduced except as authorized by written permission. The copyright and
6、 the foregoing restriction extend to reproduction in all media. O European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2003. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTMand UMTSTMare Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. TIPHONTM and the TIPHON logo are Trade Marks currently being re
7、gistered by ETSI for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM is a Trade Mark of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. ETSI 3 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4 Foreword . 4 1 Scope 5 2 References 5 3 Abbreviations .
8、5 4 QoS requirements and assumptions . 6 4.1 Introduction 6 4.1.1 Assumptions . 6 4.1.2 QoS management requirements 6 4.1.2.1 Transmission planning 6 4.1.3 Maintenance 6 4.1.4 Monitoring and verification 7 5 Additional considerations . 7 5.1 QoS management . . 7 5.1.1 Capacity planning . 7 5.1.2 Rou
9、ting table management . . 8 5.1.3 Traffic management . 9 5.1.4 Performance monitoring . . 9 History 11 . Annex A (informative): Bibliography . 10 ETSI 4 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declar
10、ed to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if any, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR O00 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (7PRs); Essential, orpotentially Essential, IPRs notlJied to ETSI in respect ofETSI standards“, which is
11、available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available on the ETSI Web server (5). All published ETSI deliverables shall include information which directs the reader to the above source of information. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Project Telecommun
12、ications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON). The present document is part 4 of a multi-part deliverable covering the End-to-end Quality of Service in TIPHON Systems, as identified below: TR 102 024-1: TS 102 024-2: TS 102 024-3: “General aspects of Quality of Service (QoS)“;
13、“Definition of Speech Quality of Service (QoS) Classes“; “Signalling and Control of End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS) in a multi-media environment“; TS 102 024-4: TS 102 024-5: TR 102 024-6: “Quality of Service Management“; “Quality of Service (QoS) measurement methodologies“; “Actual measurements
14、 of network and terminal characteristics and Performance parameters in TIPHON networks and their influence on voice quality“; “Design Guide for elements of a TIPHON connection from an End-to-end speech transmission performance point of view“; TS 102 024-9: “Call performance Classification (Voice)“;
15、TS 102 024-10: “QoS Requirements for TIPHON Terminals“. TR 102 024-7: ETSI 5 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) 1 Scope The present document establishes and defines the high-level requirements for the management of TIPHON End-to-end Quality of Service (QoS). TS 101 303 (see bibliography) describes th
16、e general principles of network management within a TIPHON environment and the framework upon which the present document is based. 2 Re fe re nces The following documents contain provisions which, through reference in this text, constitute provisions of the present document. References are either sp
17、ecific (identified by date of publication andor edition number or version number) or non-specific. For a specific reference, subsequent revisions do not apply. For a non-specific reference, the latest version applies. Referenced documents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected
18、location might be found at htlu:/docbox.etsi.or:eerence. il ETSI TS 101 303: “Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 4; Service Independent Requirements Definition; Service and Network Management Framework; Part 1 : Overview and Introduction“. ETSI EN 3
19、00 292: “Telecommunications Management Network (TMN); Functional specification of call routeing information management on the Operations SystemNetwork Element (OS/NE) interface“. 21 31 ITU-T Recommendation E.416: “Network Management Principles and Functions for B-ISDN Traffic“. 41 51 ITU-T Recommend
20、ation E.417: “Framework for the network management of IP-Based networks“. ITU-T Recommendation G. 107: “The E-Model, a computational model for use in transmission planning“. 3 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: ALC Automatic Level Control IP In
21、ternet Protocol QOS Quality of Service SCN Switched Circuit Networks SLA Service Level Agreement ETSI 6 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) 4 QoS requirements and assumptions 4.1 I n trod u ction TS 101 303 (see bibliography) describes the TIPHON approach to network management and the overall framewor
22、k into which these requirements fit. The monitoring and control of Quality of Service (QoS) has previously been given little consideration in network management procedures. QoS is implicit in a Switched Circuit Network (SCN) and the current Internet Model assumes a non-blocking “best effort“ approac
23、h with no QoS guarantees. The TIPHON concept is based on the provision of guaranteed End-to-end QoS and this has implications for network management. 4.1.1 Assumptions In order to guarantee End-to-end speech quality, the following assumptions are made: 1) Service provider equipment meets specified p
24、erformance requirements and is correctly configured by service providers; All underlying transport networks involved in a call (IP as well as SCN) are designed to deliver specific performance criteria at all times. It is implicit that guarantees can only be achieved over managed IP networks which ha
25、ve been engineered to deliver a given level of performance and where traffic levels are controlled; The realization of End-to-end speech quality in a TIPHON system is affected by network transmission planning; The following management steps are involved in implementing a TIPHON system: - planning an
26、d configuration; - maintenance; and 2) 3) 4) - monitoring and verification. 4.1.2 QoS management requirements 4.1.2.1 Transm ission planning In order to deliver the intended End-to-end speech transmission quality in TIPHON systems, transmission planning should be performed during the design phase of
27、 TIPHON related equipment. It is not sufficient to design equipment or networks just along the requirement limits of the respective TIPHON class. Any variation of transmission parameters should only be judged on the basis of E-model calculations 5 for critical End-to end connections. Any assumption
28、whether or not a specific parameter variation will be perceived by the user should always be based on E-model calculations. Special care should be taken with devices which dynamically vary one or more transmission parameters, e.g. Automatic Level Control (ALC) devices. Experience with such devices h
29、as shown that they have the potential to impact End-to-end speech transmission quality, severely. 4.1.3 Maintenance After TIPHON equipment and networks have been designed, planned and rendered operative in compliance with one of the TIPHON QoS classes, it might, nevertheless, occur that users compla
30、in about inferior speech quality. In such cases, it is very important to be able to carry through a diagnosis of End-to-end speech transmission performance. Consequently, it is necessary to keep track of all parameter changes (e.g. of Send and Receive Loudness Rating) carried out either automaticall
31、y or by user interaction. ETSI 7 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) This should be considered during the design phase of TIPHON equipment and networks by, for example, providing tools to set parameters back to default values or by providing a log file function. 4.1.4 Monitoring and verification Even
32、if a specific TIPHON system has been operated for some time at the desired level of customer satisfaction it should be continuously monitored to ensure that the End-to-end speech transmission quality is maintained. Verification requires access to the actual settings of all major transmission paramet
33、ers - including those which are accessible to the user. 5 Add it i on a I cons id era t i ons 5.1 QoS management A number of management processes impact the QoS offered by a TIPHON network. The key management processes are : - capacity planning; - routing table management; and - traffic management.
34、In order to monitor and report on the QoS achieved, the following additional management processes will be required: - performance monitoring. These management processes are required irrespective of the mechanisms used to provide QoS. 5.1.1 Capacity planning For a network to provide any sort of guara
35、nteed QoS, it must be designed to carry the predicted traffic load. Where the delivery of calls requires co-operation between networks, it will be necessary to agree, via Service Level Agreements (SLAs), the traffic that the network will be requested to carry. An SLA should also identie how traffic
36、not conforming to the agreement is to be handled (e.g. if the bandwidth agreed is exceeded how are additional call requests dealt with). For example the agreement could be to carry additional calls as “best eEorts“ regardless of the requested QoS, or maybe to connect at requested QoS at a higher cos
37、t. The SLA could, in addition, identie the penalties if the network does not meet capacity/QoS agreements. Possible SLA parameters for each destination (or group of destinations) are: planned volume/capacity required/paid minutes: - per time of day; - per traffic type; QoS level; price; price/arrang
38、ements for excess traffic; compensation/arrangements for failure to meet QoS. ETSI 8 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) 5.1.2 Routing table management Once the network has been dimensioned to carry the predicted traffic, the routing tables can be set up to maximize the use of the available capacity w
39、ithin each domain. Routing decisions could be based on one or more of the following: - destination; - originating network (or customer); - QoS requested; - time of day; - cost of routing; - call withidoutside capacity agreement. As part of routing management it will be necessary to operate some type
40、 of access control to a domain. The purpose will be to prevent unauthorized traffic entering the network and degrading the QoS of existing calls. EN 300 292 2 specifies the structure of a routing management model. This model should be extended within TIPHON to include “QoS requested“ as an attribute
41、 as shown in figure 1. TIPHONExtension RequesiedQoS QoS Descriptor E N-300-292 Figure 1: UML class diagram showing the extension of EN 300 292 2 routing model The QoSDescriptor data type can then be specified as shown in figure 2. QoSCiassifier Q-Ciassifer ClassrierType QoSTransport Parameters Maxim
42、umDelay MiIIiSeconds MaximumJiber MilliSeconds MaximumPacketLoss Percentage Figure 2: UML specification of the QoSDescriptor data type ETSI 9 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) 5.1.3 Traffic management In order to maintain the QoS offered by the network it is necessary to manage aggregate traffic in
43、real time, or near real time. This requires the ability to monitor and, as a result, control the network. For the purposes of managing guaranteed QoS, the following need to be available: - congestion level alarms (raised by a transport domain at various levels of congestion, for example, at 85 %, 90
44、 % and 95 %); and modification of routing tables based on reported congestion or equipment failures. - ITU-T Recommendations E.416 3 and E.417 4 speciSl the broader requirements for traffic management. 5.1.4 Performance monitoring In order to provide reports to support the QoS agreements with the cu
45、stomers and other service providers, it will be necessary to monitor performance of the service andor network. QoS-related parameters that should be monitored are: packet loss (as a percentage averaged on a per call basis); packet loss (as a percentage averaged over a known period); packet delay (as
46、 a percentage averaged on a per call basis); packet delay (measured over a known period): - minimum value; - meanvalue; - maximum value. Figure 3 shows QoS performance management information as a UML class specification. QoS- Performance Packetloss Percentage PacketDelay Delayspec Delayspec Maxiinun
47、iDelay MiIIiSeconds MeanDelay MiIIiSeconds MinirnurnDelay MilliSecoiids Figure 3: QoS performance management information ETSI 10 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) Annex A (informative): Bibliography ETSI TS 101 303: “Telecommunications and Internet Protocol Harmonization Over Networks (TIPHON) Release 4; Service Independent Requirements Definition; Service and Network Management Framework; Part 1 : Overview and Introduction“. ETSI 11 ETSI TS 102 024-4V4.1.1 (2003-01) History ETSI
