1、 ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11) SmartM2M; Smart Appliances; Reference Ontology and oneM2M Mapping TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11)2 Reference DTS/SmartM2M-103 264 SAP_Onth Keywords data, IoT, M2M, ontology, semantic, Smart Appliance ETSI 650 Route des Lucioles F-06921
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7、ng restriction extend to reproduction in all media. European Telecommunications Standards Institute 2015. All rights reserved. DECTTM, PLUGTESTSTM, UMTSTMand the ETSI logo are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the benefit of its Members. 3GPPTM and LTE are Trade Marks of ETSI registered for the ben
8、efit of its Members and of the 3GPP Organizational Partners. GSM and the GSM logo are Trade Marks registered and owned by the GSM Association. ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11)3 Contents Intellectual Property Rights 4g3Foreword . 4g3Modal verbs terminology 4g31 Scope 5g32 References 5g32.1 Norma
9、tive references . 5g32.2 Informative references 5g33 Definitions and abbreviations . 6g33.1 Definitions 6g33.2 Abbreviations . 6g34 Smart Appliances reference ontology and semantics . 6g34.1 Introduction and overview 6g34.2 Principles 8g34.3 SAREF . 9g34.4 Observations about SAREF 15g34.5 Extensions
10、 of SAREF . 17g35 Mapping on oneM2M resources . 18g3Annex A (informative): Mapping on oneM2M Resources 19g3A.1 Mapping of ETSI SAREF to oneM2M base Ontology 19g3A.1.1 Introduction 19g3A.1.2 Sub-class relationships of ETSI SAREF with the Base Ontology 20g3A.2 Instantiation Rules for Creating the oneM
11、2M Resource Structure 24g3Annex B (informative): Bibliography . 25g3History 26g3ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11)4 Intellectual Property Rights IPRs essential or potentially essential to the present document may have been declared to ETSI. The information pertaining to these essential IPRs, if a
12、ny, is publicly available for ETSI members and non-members, and can be found in ETSI SR 000 314: “Intellectual Property Rights (IPRs); Essential, or potentially Essential, IPRs notified to ETSI in respect of ETSI standards“, which is available from the ETSI Secretariat. Latest updates are available
13、on the ETSI Web server (http:/ipr.etsi.org). Pursuant to the ETSI IPR Policy, no investigation, including IPR searches, has been carried out by ETSI. No guarantee can be given as to the existence of other IPRs not referenced in ETSI SR 000 314 (or the updates on the ETSI Web server) which are, or ma
14、y be, or may become, essential to the present document. Foreword This Technical Specification (TS) has been produced by ETSI Technical Committee Smart Machine-to-Machine communications (SmartM2M). Modal verbs terminology In the present document “shall“, “shall not“, “should“, “should not“, “may“, “n
15、eed not“, “will“, “will not“, “can“ and “cannot“ are to be interpreted as described in clause 3.2 of the ETSI Drafting Rules (Verbal forms for the expression of provisions). “must“ and “must not“ are NOT allowed in ETSI deliverables except when used in direct citation. ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2
16、015-11)5 1 Scope The result of the European Commission Study Group on Smart Appliances ontologies takes into account all the interest of the relevant stakeholders. The present document is an adaptation of the reviewed study to the structure of a normative deliverable. Additionally, it develops the m
17、apping to oneM2M. Therefore the present document has two major objectives: 1) To provide a standardized framework for the Reference Ontology derived from the EC Study Group on Smart Appliances. 2) To map the Reference Ontology onto the elementary oneM2M. 2 References 2.1 Normative references Referen
18、ces are either specific (identified by date of publication and/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. Referenced docum
19、ents which are not found to be publicly available in the expected location might be found at http:/docbox.etsi.org/Reference. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents a
20、re necessary for the application of the present document. 1 European Commission and TNO: “Study on Semantic Assets for Smart Appliances Interoperability“, final report, April 2015. NOTE: Available at https:/ 2 European Commission and TNO: “Smart Appliances REFerence ontology (SAREF)“, April 2015. NO
21、TE: Available at http:/ontology.tno.nl/saref. 3 European Commission and TNO: “D-S4 - SMART 2013-0077 - Smart Appliances - Mapping SAREF to short list assets.xlsx“, February 2015. NOTE: Available at https:/ 2.2 Informative references References are either specific (identified by date of publication a
22、nd/or edition number or version number) or non-specific. For specific references, only the cited version applies. For non-specific references, the latest version of the reference document (including any amendments) applies. NOTE: While any hyperlinks included in this clause were valid at the time of
23、 publication, ETSI cannot guarantee their long term validity. The following referenced documents are not necessary for the application of the present document but they assist the user with regard to a particular subject area. i.1 oneM2M TS-0012: “Base Ontology“. NOTE: Available at ftp:/ftp.onem2m.or
24、g/Work%20Programme/WI-0025/. ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11)6 3 Definitions and abbreviations 3.1 Definitions For the purposes of the present document, the following terms and definitions apply: ontology: formal specification of a conceptualization, used to explicitly capture the semantics of
25、a certain reality smart appliances: devices, which are used in the household, e.g. for performing domestic work, and which have the ability to communicate with each other and which can be controlled via Internet NOTE: The following appliances are covered: Home and buildings sensors (temperature, hum
26、idity, energy-plugs, energy clams, energy meters, water-flow, water quality, presence, occupancy, air monitors, environmental sensors, CO2 sensors, weather stations, etc.) and actuators (windows, doors, stores); white goods, as classified by CECED; HVAC (heating, ventilation, and air conditioning),
27、classified by Eu.bac; lighting, with use cases as defined by LightingEurope; micro renewable home solutions (solar panels, solar heaters, wind, etc.). 3.2 Abbreviations For the purposes of the present document, the following abbreviations apply: CECED European Committee of Domestic Equipment Manufac
28、turers CENELEC European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization DUL DOLCE+DnS Ultralite EC European Commissioneu.bac European building automation controls association FAN FlexiblePower Alliance Network FIEMSER Friendly Intelligent Energy Management Systems in Residential Buildings HVAC Heatin
29、g, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning Mirabel Micro-Request-Based Aggregation, Forecasting and Scheduling of Energy Demand, Supply and Distribution OM Ontology of units of Measure oneM2M Partnership Project OSGiTMDAL Open Services Gateway initiative Device Abstraction Layer OWL Web Ontology Language
30、SAREF Smart Appliances REFerence ontology SEP2 Smart Energy Profile 2.0 SSN Semantic Sensor Network SUMO Suggested Upper Merged Ontology TNO Netherlands Organisation for Applied Scientific Research TR Technical Report TS Technical Specification UPnP Universal Plug and Play URL Uniform Resource Locat
31、or W3C World Wide Web Consortium WGS84 World Geodetic System 1984 4 Smart Appliances reference ontology and semantics 4.1 Introduction and overview A study on “Available Semantics Assets for the Interoperability of Smart Appliances: Mapping into a Common Ontology as a M2M Application Layer Semantics
32、“ had been tendered by the European Commission and was carried out by TNO. Parts of the final report of this study 1 are copied to clauses 4.1 to 4.4. The energy utilization of Smart Appliances can be reduced if they are managed and controlled on a system level. The system needs standardized interfa
33、ces to ensure interoperability. Many of the required standards already exist, but a common architecture does not, resulting in a market which is too fragmented and powerless. Therefore, a reference ontology of consensus was designed to cover the needs of all appliances relevant for energy efficiency
34、. ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11)7 The study consisted of three tasks: Task 1: Take stock of existing semantic assets and use case assets. Task 2: Perform a translation exercise of each model (or use case) to a common ontology language and a mapping or matching exercise between all the models.
35、 Task 3: Propose a reference ontology and document the ontology into the ETSI M2M architecture. About 50 different semantic assets had been identified that describe various properties of Smart Appliances in residential environments. After translating half of these assets into Web Ontology Language (
36、OWL), 20 recurring concepts were used as initial building blocks for the Smart Appliances Reference ontology (SAREF). For SAREF in OWL language, see 2. The concepts were mapped from the assets to SAREF to allow for translations between the ontologies. SAREF explicitly specifies the recurring core co
37、ncepts in the Smart Appliances domain, the main relationships between these concepts, and axioms to constrain the usage of these concepts and relationships. SAREF is based on the fundamental principles of reuse and alignment of concepts and relationships that are defined in existing assets, modulari
38、ty to allow separation and recombination of different parts of the ontology depending on specific needs, extensibility to allow further growth of the ontology, and maintainability to facilitate the process of identifying and correcting defects, accommodate new requirements, and cope with changes in
39、(parts of) SAREF. Mappings to other concepts used by different assets/standards/models allow translation from the reference ontology to specific assets, reducing the effort of translating from one asset to another, since the reference ontology requires one set of mappings to each asset, instead of a
40、 dedicated set of mappings for each pair of assets. Figure 1 shows the role of the reference ontology in the mapping by means of sample assets. The mappings of SAREF to various assets/standards/models are available in 3. NOTE: UPnP and Z-Wave are examples of suitable products available commercially.
41、 This information is given for the convenience of users of the present document and does not constitute an endorsement by ETSI of these products. Figure 1: The role of SAREF in the mapping among different assets SAREF is based on the following main concepts (in alphabetical order): Building Object (
42、Door, Window). Building Space. Command (e.g. OnCommand, OffCommand, PauseCommand, GetCommand, NotifyCommand, SetLEvelCommand). Commodity (e.g. Electricity, Gas, Water). Device (e.g. Switch, Meter, Sensor, Washing Machine). Device Category. Duration Description. ETSI ETSI TS 103 264 V1.1.1 (2015-11)8
43、 Function (Actuating Function, EventFunction, Metering Function, Sensing Function). Function Category. Profile. Property (Energy, Humidity, Light, Motion, Occupancy, Power, Pressure, Price, Smoke, Temperature, Time). Service. State. Task (e.g. Cleaning, Safety, Entertainment). Temporal Entity. UnitO
44、fMeasure (e.g. Currency, EnergyUnit, Power Unit, Temperature Unit). 4.2 Principles The Smart Appliances REFerence ontology (SAREF) is conceived as a shared model of consensus that facilitates the matching of existing assets in the smart appliances domain, reducing the effort of translating from one
45、asset to another, since SAREF requires one set of mappings to each asset, instead of a dedicated set of mappings for each pair of assets. Different assets share some recurring, core concepts, but they often use different terminologies and adopt different data models to represent these concepts. Usin
46、g SAREF, different assets can keep using their own terminology and data models, but still can relate to each other through their common semantics. In other words, SAREF enables semantic interoperability in the smart appliances domain. SAREF explicitly specifies recurring core concepts in the smart a
47、ppliances domain, the main relationships between these concepts, and axioms to constrain the usage of these concepts and relationships. SAREF has been created based on the following fundamental principles: Reuse and alignment of concepts and relationships that are defined in existing assets. Since a
48、 large amount of work was already being done in the smart appliances domain, nothing has been re-invented, but harmonized and aligned what was already there. SAREF is based on the core concepts that were identified as especially relevant to describe the existing assets. Despite the heterogeneity of
49、these existing assets, when considering their semantic coverage, three main trends could be identified with focus on: 1) devices, sensors and their specification in terms of functions, states and services; 2) energy consumption/production information and profiles to optimize energy efficiency; and 3) building related semantic models. In SAREF these trends are called, function-related, energy-related and
