1、FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 2001 0723 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS BY THE FALEX MACHINE Revised Editorial - no technical change A. Cockman Application This method is used to determine the film strength or load carrying property of an oil by means of mechanical testing equipment. Appara
2、tus and Materials Required Falex Extreme Pressure Tester (See sketches 1 and 2) Used to apply a prescribed load to a standard test pin which is rotated by the machine in a bath of the oil under test. Source: Faville LeVally Corp. 1129 Bellwood Ave. Bellwood, IL U.S.A. Standard Steel Test Pin (See sk
3、etches) Standard V-Block Brass Shear Pin Source: Faville LeVally Corp. Stop Watch Naphtha Note: Chlorinated solvents must not be used as these impart a surface film to the test parts which will give erroneous results. Standard Copper Test Coupon “E“ Source: Faville LeVally Corp. I Date I Action I Re
4、visions I Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 Conditioning and Test Conditions All test values indicated herein are based on material conditioned in a controlled atmosphere of 23 +/- 2 OC and 50 +/- 5 % relative humidity for not less than 24 h prior
5、to testing and tested under the same conditions unless otherwise specified. Procedure Warm-up 1. Remove loading device and open jaws. 2. Insert a standard test pin in the lower end of the rotating column, line up matching holes in column and test pin and insert shear pin. 3. Insert the two standard
6、V-blocks in the holes provided in the jaws. 4. Close the jaws and attach the loading device. 5. Fill oil container to the mark provided on the inside of the tray with a sample of any lubricant approved (approx 55 mL). 6. Start the machine and apply a load of 227 kgf by engaging the pawl and ratchet
7、to the wear teeth, and run for 15 minutes. This is the initial warm up. For repeated tests, a warm machine at 65 OC is satisfactory. Method A - Step Test for Hydraulic Oils Increment of 45.4 kgf. 1. Remove the test pin and V-block used in the warm-up procedure and wash the apparatus with the specifi
8、ed solvents. 2. Insert a new standard test pin and V-block carefully degreased in the solvent after first inspecting and discarding any with surface imperfections. 3. Attach the loading device and fill the cup with a test sample of the well mixed oil. 4. Start the machine, engage the pawl and ratche
9、t until a load of 136 kgf is reached and disengage the ratchet. 5. Set the stop watch, run the machine for 3 minutes at this load and record the torque. 6. Increase the load in increments of 45.4 kgf and run at 1 minute intervals, recording the torque before and after each run at new load. Page 2 of
10、 10 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 Note: 1. If the load falls off, increase it to the required number of pounds by engaging the pawl and ratchet. 2. Inability to maintain load indicates failure of lubricant. 7. Repeat the load additions and reco
11、rdings every minute until a failure occurs as indicated by a rapid loss in the load applied, increase in torque caused by wear or in the shear pin breaking. Note: If the applied load increased to 907 kgf without failure, stop the test. In this case the oil must be tested according to Method B (Step
12、Test with increments of 11 3 kgf). Method B - Step Test for Hypoid Gear Oils Increment of 11 3 kgf. 1. Remove the test pin and V-block used in the warm-up procedure and wash the apparatus with the prescribed solvents. 2. Insert a new standard test pin and V-block carefully degreased in the soknt aft
13、er first inspecting and discarding any with surface imperfections. 3. Attach the loading device and fill the cup with a test sample of the well-mixed oil. 4. Start the machine, engage the pawl and ratchet until a load of 225 kgf is reached and disengage the ratchet. 5. Set the stop watch, run the ma
14、chine for 3 minutes at this load and record the torque. 6. Increase the load in increments of 11 3 kgf and run at 1 minute intervals, recording the torque before and after each run at new load. Note: 1. If the load falls off 22.7 kgf, increase it to the required number of pounds by engaging the pawl
15、 and ratchet. 2. Inability to maintain load indicates failure of lubricant. 7. Repeat the load additions and recordings every minute until a failure occurs as indicated by a rapid loss in the load applied, increase in torque caused by wear or in the shear pin breaking. Page 3 of 10 Copynght02001, Fo
16、rd Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 Method C - Wear Test for Transmission Oils 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Follow the warm-up steps, clean apparatus and assemble with standard test bushings and pin. Proceed as described under Method B, para 1 - 4. Set the stop watch, run
17、 the machine for 3 minutes recording the torque before and after the run. Note: If the load falls off 22.7 kgf, increase it to the required number of pounds by engaging the pawl and ratchet. Record the number of wear teeth necessary to bring up the proper load. Increase the load to 454 kgf using paw
18、l and ratchet, record the torque and run for 10 minutes, then record torque again. See Note, para 3. Subsequently increase the load to 680 kgf using pawl and ratchet, record the torque and run for 10 minutes, then record the torque again. See Note, para 3. Record the total number of additional wear
19、teeth necessary to recover the applied loads in para 3 to 5. An increase of additional wear teeth exceeding 50, a rapid loss in the load applied, an increase in torque caused by wear or breaking of the shear pin indicates failure of lubricant. Otherwise proceed as described under Method B - Step Tes
20、t, para 6 up to the load of 2041 kgf or until failure occurs as indicated by rapid loss in the load applied, increase in torque caused by wear or in the shear pin breaking. Calibration of Accessories The periodic checking of load gauges and the comparison of the load imposed by one machine with othe
21、r machines should be performed by comparing the diameter of Brinell indentations on a standard copper test coupon. Figure 3 shows the schematic drawing. Instructions for Making Brinell Indentations 1. Remove Allen set screw and 12.7 mm ball from L.H. jaw. 2. Insert special Allen screw with attached
22、10 mm Brinell ball (D) from working face of the L.H. jaw and back the screw and ball assembly into the body and the jaw. Allow the ball to project about 4.0 mm from face to jaw. 3. Insert back-up plug (A) in the counterbore of R.H. jaw. Plug should project about 1 .O mm from face. Page 4 of 10 Copyn
23、ght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Support standardised copper test coupon (E) on a small block of wood so that upper edge of coupon is about 2.5 mm below upper surface of jaws. This will enable operator to line up the jaws placing a st
24、eel rule across the face of the jaws so that they are parallel when the coupon is in position for the indentation test.“ “Locking swivel block with locking nuts will facilitate lining up jaw face and taking impressions. With jaws properly adjusted and test coupon in position for first impression sli
25、p load gauge assembly into position on lever arms. With the 363 kgf gauge assembly, start the machine (which can be done as no test pin is in the machine during the test) and allow the machine to come up to a gauge load reading of 90.7 kgf. A slight takeup of a few teeth is required to hold the load
26、 due to the ball sinking into the test coupon. After 90.7 kgf is obtained, allow 1 minute for the indentation to form. After 1 minute interval, turn off machine, back off load until test coupon is free of jaws. Advance coupon approx 10 mm, (impression should not be made closer together than 2.5 x di
27、ameter). Again check alignment of jaws for flatness with steel rule and run the machine up to 181 kgf on the gauge. Make impression as in para 6. Repeat for loads of 272 kgf and 363 kgf. Remove load gauge assembly and coupon and measure diameter of indentation with Brinell microscope, taking average
28、 reading of each indentation on three diameters. Determine imposed load by reading the calculated load corresponding to indentation diameter from hardness curve for the coupon employed. Formula: Brinell Hardness Number = Amlied Load Area of Surface of Indentation BHN = P 3.1416 x D 2 (D - D2-d2 05)
29、Chemicals, materials, parts, and equipment referenced in this document must be used and handled properly. Each party is responsible for determining proper use and handling in its facilities. Page 5 of 10 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 EXTREME PR
30、ESSURE TEST ON OILS BY THE FALEX MACHINE Figure 1 Schematic Diagram of Falex Lubricant Test Page 6 of 10 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS BY THE FALEX MACHINE Figure 2 Exploded View of V-Blocks and Journal Arrangement
31、, Falex Lubricant Tester Page 7 of 10 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS BY THE FALEX MACHINE Figure 3 Schematic Drawing of Calibration Accessories for Falex Lubricant Tester Page 8 of 10 Copynght02001, Ford Global Tech
32、nologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS BY FALEX MACHINE Figure 4 Typical Curves of Gage Load Readings vs Impression Diameter, Using 800 and 4500 Ib. gages and Bhn 37-39 Standard Test Coupon Page 9 of 10 Copynght 02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc FORD LABORATORY TEST METHOD EU-BJ 001-01 EXTREME PRESSURE TEST ON OILS BY THE FALEX MACHINE Page 10 of 10 Copynght02001, Ford Global Technologies, Inc
