1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW14853 Non-Metallic Fuel Tank, Minus 40 C, Six (6) Meter Drop Test or 4000 Joule Energy Impact Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 1 of 5 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and re
2、gulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. To evaluate the drop test capabilities of non-metallic fuel tanks. 1.2 Foreword. This procedure is used by tank suppliers to develop tank designs and for qual
3、ity control during production. It is included as part of the following specification listed on the part drawing (related to performance): GM Engineering Standard GMW3086, Plastic Fuel Tank 1.2.1 This procedure specifies two methods that may be used: 1.2.1.1 Long Method: This method takes a tank with
4、 a 60/40 glycol/water mixture inside (both at ambient temperature) and cools them together in a cold chamber to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F). This method would be used if resources were not available to pre-cool the glycol/water mixture (i.e., larger chamber, separate chamber for pre-cooled glycol/water mi
5、xture and energy required to sustain pre-cooled glycol/water mixture). 1.2.1.2 Short Method: This method takes a tank (at ambient temperature) and cools it to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F). Then a glycol/water mixture pre-cooled to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F) is added. The time it takes to cool the tank is much l
6、ess than that required to cool the glycol/water mixture, thus saving time. This method, however, requires resources to pre-cool the glycol/water mixture (i.e., larger chamber, extra chamber to cool glycol/water mixture, dedicated test chamber and energy required to sustain pre-cooled glycol/water mi
7、xture). An advantage of the short method when used in quality control, is that if a test sample tank does not meet the requirement, then a fewer number of tanks will have been produced since the last test. This will result in less scrap. 1.3 Applicability. Non-metallic fuel tanks. 2 References Note:
8、 Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. None 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW3086 GMW14508 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. Non-metallic fuel tank supplier facilities with a smooth, hard impact surface such as cement or ste
9、el. Facilities must be approved by GM. 3.2 Equipment. 3.2.1 Fixture/clamp/strap to hold tank to drop equipment and capable of withstanding the applied internal hydrostatic pressure upon impact. 3.2.2 Cold chamber capable of stabilizing fuel tank and glycol/water to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F) within the s
10、pecified time. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 20
11、13 Page 2 of 5 3.2.3 Equipment to hoist and release the lowest point of fuel tank to and from 6 m (20 ft) without disrupting the tank orientation or to a height that is equivalent to a 4000 J impact energy. 3.2.4 Container/drum capable of holding calculated volume of the cold chamber. Note: All inst
12、rumentation is to be calibrated as required; record instrumentation details and date of calibration on Data Sheet A1 (Appendix A), unless the information is otherwise preserved in the testing laboratory records. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. The fuel System under test shall include the fuel tank shel
13、l, encapsulated ring or rings and internal weldments. Inlet Check Valve (ICV) and fill spuds are not required. 3.4 Test Time. Calendar time: 1 to 2 days Test hours: 1 hour Coordination hours: 4 hours 3.5 Test Required Information. 3.5.1 The GM release engineer shall provide the supplier with the Tot
14、al Fuel Capacity of the tank (to be used to calculate the amount of glycol/water mixture to be added to test tank). 3.5.2 The GM release engineer shall determine if the tank shall be impacted at other locations other than the standard locations specified in this procedure. The standard locations are
15、: all sides except top as a minimum. 3.5.3 Cool Down Time. 3.5.3.1 Long Method: The supplier may want to determine the time required to stabilize a tank with a 60/40 glycol/water mixture inside (both at ambient temperature) and cool them together in the actual cold chamber that will be used for test
16、. The temperature is measured in the center of the glycol/water mixture in the fuel tank. This cool down time can then be used for future tests. Alternately, the supplier may measure temperature during each test. 3.5.3.2 Short Method: Initially, the supplier must determine the time required to cool
17、a tanks pinch area to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F). The pinch area shall be thermocoupled at the center of the thickest area of a tank (typically, this is at a pinch area) using the actual cold chamber to be used for tests. This cool down time shall then be used for future tests. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Not
18、applicable. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Apply adequate clamping/fixture/straps to the fuel tank. 4.1.2 Calculate the amount of 60/40 mixture of glycol and water needed to achieve equivalent weight for the Total Fuel Capacity of the tank, see 7.1 Glossary. See calculation in 5.1 for specific g
19、ravity and equations. On a tank for gasoline only, use the specific gravity (SPG) for gasoline (0.71). On a tank of diesel only use the SPG for diesel (0.88). 4.1.3 Methods. 4.1.3.1 Long Method. 4.1.3.1.1 Fill tank with the calculated amount of the 60/40 glycol and water mixture. 4.1.3.1.2 Place fil
20、led tank inside cold chamber and stabilize tank and fluid to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F). The temperature is measured in the glycol/water mixture at the center of the fluid in the fuel tank. Use predetermined time from Section 3.5 if available. 4.1.3.2 Short Method. 4.1.3.2.1 Place 60/40 glycol/water mixt
21、ure in a container/drum in the cold chamber. 4.1.3.2.2 Stabilize the glycol/water mixture in the container/drum to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F). 4.1.3.2.3 Place empty fuel tank in cold chamber for the time determined in Section 3.5 as that required to cool a tanks thickest area to -40 C 2 C (-40 F 4 F). Co
22、pyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 3 of 5 4.
23、1.3.2.4 Add the pre-cooled glycol/water mixture to the pre-cooled tank in the -40 C environment. 4.1.3.2.5 Adequately seal all openings in the tank. 4.2 Conditions. None specified, other than the tank and fluid specified temperature. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. 4.2.1.1 Fuel tank must be dropped
24、within 2 minutes of being removed from the cold chamber. 4.2.1.2 A single tank sample must only be subjected to one drop test. A tank design shall be tested (with separate samples) on all tank sides except the top, at a minimum. 4.2.1.3 Tank and glycol/water mixture shall be stabilized at -40 C 2 C
25、(-40 F 4 F). The tank temperature is defined at the center of the pinch area. The mixture temperature is defined at the center of the fluid. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawing
26、s, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 Remove tank from cold chamber. Fuel tank must be dropped within 2 minutes of being removed from the cold chamber. 4.3.2 Orient tank such that it will impact on one of the sides (or other locations as specified in Section 3.5). The standard
27、minimum locations are: all sides except the top. When testing tank sides, the tank shall be oriented such that the side to be impacted hits the impact surface over as much of the side surface as possible. 4.3.3 Hoist tank such that the distance between the tank surface being hit and the impact surfa
28、ce is 6 m (20 ft). (The minimum distance from any part of the tank and the impact surface shall be 6 m (20 ft).) Make any adjustments to the tank orientation. 4.3.4 Release tank such that it free falls and impacts tank at selected impact location. 4.3.5 Additional Surfaces/Locations. Repeat testing
29、for remaining standard sides and any other locations as specified in Section 3.5 using new tank samples for each test. 5 Data 5.1 Calculations. See Table 1. Table 1: Fuel Volume Calculations Fluid C/F Specific Gravity (SPG) Average Range Diesel 15.6/60 0.88 0.82 to 0.95 Gasoline 15.6/60 0.71 0.68 to
30、 0.74 Ethylene Glycol 15.6/60 1.1 Not applicable Fresh Water 15.6/60 1.0 Not applicable 60/40 glycol/water (by percent) 15.6/60 1.06 Not applicable To calculate the Equivalent (60/40) Volume by Weight: Advertised Fuel Capacity (SPG of Fuel/1.06) = Equivalent (60/40) Volume by Weight Example: (56.8 L
31、 Gasoline) (0.71/1.06) = 37.9 L of 60/40 glycol/water mixture Or (15 gal Gasoline) (0.71/1.06) = 10 gal of 60/40 glycol/water mixture Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from I
32、HS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 4 of 5 5.2 Interpretation of Results. Acceptance criteria are specified on part drawing or Component Technical Specification. 5.3 Test Documentation. Supplier is required to
33、 maintain copies of all development and quality control test results. 6 Safety This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to
34、 establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. Static Drainable Capacity: The volume of fuel in the fuel tank that can be drained through an installed tank drain. The fuel system must be in the design (
35、curb mass) position for a stationary vehicle on level ground. Static Undrainable Capacity: The volume of fuel remaining in the fuel tank after draining the fuel through an installed tank drain. The fuel system must be in the design (curb mass) position for a stationary vehicle on level ground. Total
36、 Fuel Capacity: The total volume of liquid in the fuel tank when filled using the volume verification fill method as described in the GN-1, GE-1, GK-1, DN-1, DE-1, or DK-1 fill tests in GMW14508. Total Fuel Capacity = Static Drainable Capacity + Static Undrainable Capacity 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviation
37、s, and Symbols. ICV Inlet Check Valve J Joule SPG Specific Gravity 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Test to GMW14853 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in November 2005. It was first approved by the Global Chassis Cen
38、ter in June 2006. It was first published in January 2007. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 JAN 2007 Initial publication. 2 JAN 2013 Revise to current template. (Fuel Storage and Handling GSSLT) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors Comp
39、anyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW14853 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved January 2013 Page 5 of 5 Appendix A Data Sheet A1: Instrument Calibration Report No. _ Submit this data sheet wi
40、th the other data sheets when the information is not otherwise preserved in the testing laboratory records. Test Procedure No. _ Test Date _ Instrument Description Instrument Number Calibration Date Next Calibration Due Date 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 Recorded by: Date: (Signature) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
