1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW15423 Performance Testing of Fuel Hoses Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved October 2011 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 11 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable law
2、s and regulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. This test procedure describes performance tests for fuel and fuel filler hoses. 1.2 Foreword. Not applicable. 1.3 Applicability. These tests shall be
3、used to determine the performance of fuel and fuel filler hoses. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. ASTM D471 ASTM D4678 ISO 4794 ASTM D664 ISO 188 ISO 7500-1 ASTM D3703 ISO 1817 ISO 9513 2.2 GM Stan
4、dards/Specifications. 9985670 GMW14914 GMW14292 GMW16709 2.3 Additional References. GMPT-3-018 GMPT-6-019 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. 3.1.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shall be in good working order and shall have a valid calibration label. 3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test fac
5、ilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables as specified in this specification shall be determined correctly with respect to its physical definition. 3.2 Equipment. 3.2.1 Beaker 100 mL. 3.2.2 Test fuel to GMW14914, GME. 3.2.3 Test fuel to ISO 1817 (ASTM D471) Liquid C. 3
6、.2.4 Methanol 99% minimum purity to 9985670. 3.2.5 Diesel Test Fuel to GMW14914, GMNA. 3.2.6 Sour Gasoline Test Fuel per 4.3.9. 3.2.7 Glass filter crucible No. 4 according to ISO 4794, porosity 10 to 16 m-6 and filtering device. 3.2.8 Glass fiber filter, Grade 934AH. 3.2.9 Balance with an accuracy o
7、f 0.1 mg. 3.2.10 Water jet pump. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15423 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved October 2011 Page 2 of 11 3.2.11 Desiccator. 3.2.12 Heating oven to
8、 ISO 188. 3.2.13 Heating unit. 3.2.14 Metal control rods and end plugs in suitable size. 3.2.15 Test Machine with force-measuring device to ISO 7500-1 Class 1; and deflection measuring device to ISO 9513 Class 0.2. The test machine shall be such that the required test velocity can be maintained. For
9、ce gauge capable of measuring up to 100 N. 3.2.16 Stiffness Test apparatus, per Appendix A Figure A1. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. 3.3.1 Tests are to be conducted on hoses as supplied. 3.3.2 For initial sample approval and arbitration purposes at least 3 tests; for routine quality control purpose on
10、e test shall be performed. 3.4 Test Time. Refer to the tests in 4.3, Instructions. 3.5 Test Required Information. Not applicable. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Not applicable. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. Not applicable. 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Not applicable. 4.2.2 Test Conditions.
11、Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. For additional information, see respective tests in 4.3. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 Test for Inner Cleanliness. 4.3.1.1 Test of Tot
12、al Amount of Refuse. A complete hose shall be hung up vertically and washed 5 times with 20 mL Gasoline Tests Fuel to GMW14914, GME consecutively. The fluid shall be collected in a tared evaporating dish. 4.3.1.2 The test fuel shall be evaporated at +70 C 10 C for at least 24 h. Then the dish shall
13、cool down for 1 h 0.1 h in a desiccator and the refuse in the dish shall be weighed. To determine that all fuel has evaporated, the dish is stored again at +70 C 10 C for at least 1 h, cooled down at 1 h 0.1 h in a desiccator and weighed again. If the weight determined does not differ more than 5% i
14、n total from the previous one, the evaporation is complete and the amount of residue is reported in mg/cm2 inner surface. If weight difference is higher, evaporation and weighing must be continued until the 5% limit is met. 4.3.1.3 Test for Compact Part of Refuse. The total refuse shall be taken off
15、 in Gasoline Tests Fuel to GMW14914, GME and shall be filtered through a tared glass frit G4. The glass frit shall be dried for at least 4 h at +50 C. After cooling down for 1 h 0.1 h in a desiccator the weight of the glass frit shall be determined with an accuracy of 0.1 mg and the amount of deposi
16、ts shall be calculated. The deposits shall be reported as sediment (Compact Parts of Refuse) in milligram per square centimeter (mg/cm2) inner surface. Handling of glass frit see GMW14292 5.2.2.1 and 5.2.2.2. 4.3.2 Extractables Test. 4.3.2.1 A 300 mm length of hose shall be tested. Aluminum or steel
17、 end plugs are used to seal both ends of the hose sample. The minimum Outer Diameter (OD) of each plug must be equal to or larger than the maximum Inner Diameter (ID) of the size of hose tested to effectively seal the hose sample for test. The length of the plug shall be 12.5 mm. Each plug must allo
18、w for the support, placement, and positioning of a steel or aluminum rod within the ID of the hose such that a 4 to 6 mm gap is maintained between the OD of the rod and the ID of the hose for hoses with diameter 15 mm. 4.3.2.1.1 The purpose of the rod is to reduce the amount of solvent needed within
19、 the hose for the extraction process. Each plug must also have a port positioned such that solvent can be introduced into the assembly between the ID of the hose and the OD of the rod. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGI
20、NEERING STANDARDS GMW15423 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved October 2011 Page 3 of 11 4.3.2.1.1.1 Total effective length of hose with end plugs inserted shall be 275 mm. 4.3.2.1.1.2 Where hose length of 300 mm cannot be reached, complete hose is to be tested. 4.3.2.2 Record
21、hose sample ID, length, and inside surface area. 4.3.2.3 Assemble fixture rod and plugs to hose sample and fill the assembly with ISO 1817 Liquid C. Seal assembly and allow to rest horizontally at 22 C to 25 C for 24 h. 4.3.2.4. Drain fluid from hose into a beaker. 4.3.2.5 Add additional ISO 1817 Li
22、quid C to assembly, in equal volume to original amount, to rinse the inside of the test assembly, and add this volume of solvent to the original solvent in the beaker. 4.3.2.6 Remove solvent by evaporation by heating at 80 C to 95 C until no fuel odor is detectable and then store sample at room temp
23、erature under a laboratory hood for a minimum of 16 h. 4.3.2.7 Take up the residue in the beaker with 20 mL of room temperature methanol. 4.3.2.8 Filter this solution on a tared crucible or fine fritted glass, rinsing beaker with 10 mL of room temperature methanol. 4.3.2.9 Place crucible or fine fri
24、tted glass in beaker and dry in a 65 C to 90 C oven for 1 h to ensure complete evaporation of methanol. 4.3.2.10 Cool to room temperature in a desiccator and weigh the crucible or fine fritted glass and determine mass of extractables expressed as gram per square meter (g/m2) using inside surface are
25、a of hose in contact with the ISO 1817 Liquid C solvent. Handling of glass frit, see GMW14292, 5.2.2.1 and 5.2.2.2. 4.3.3 Compressibility. This test is to be conducted only on hoses with ID 30 mm. 4.3.3.1 Using a flat plate of minimum 100 mm length and width, apply a compressive force to a hose sect
26、ion of 100 mm length. 4.3.3.1.1 Apply a preload of 1 N and determine the original OD1 of the hose parallel to the direction of the applied force. 4.3.3.1.2 Apply a load of total 50 N at a rate of 5 mm/minute and determine the OD2 of the hose. 4.3.3.1.3 Subtract the measured OD2 from the OD1 of the h
27、ose at preload and calculate the percentage of compressibility. 4.3.4 Fuel Exposure and Cold Flexibility, Burst Strength. 4.3.4.1 Fill two 300 mm long samples of hose with ISO 1817 Liquid C and seal both ends. 4.3.4.2 Allow filled hoses to stand at room temperature for 48 h. 4.3.4.3 Drain ISO 1817 L
28、iquid C from hoses. 4.3.4.4 Perform Cold Flexibility Test. 4.3.4.4.1 For fuel hoses of 19.05 mm ID: Within 30 minutes after draining the fuel from the hoses, cut a 25 mm long sample out of the middle of one of the 300 mm long test samples. 4.3.4.4.1.1 Expose the sample for 70 h in a cold chamber at
29、-40 C 3 C and while in the cold chamber flex the hose between flat plates within a period of 4 s through one-half its nominal ID. 4.3.4.4.2 For fuel hoses of 19.05 mm: Within 30 minutes after draining the fuel from the hoses start the Cold Flexibility Test to GMW16709, but at -40 C 3 C on one of the
30、 samples. 4.3.4.4.3 Use visual examination to evaluate the samples. 4.3.4.5 For fuel hoses of all ID sizes, perform the burst test of second hose with a pressure increase of 7 MPa/minute. 4.3.5 Fuel, Heat and Ozone Resistance; Adhesion Test. Two samples of hose shall be exposed to the following sequ
31、ential tests. 4.3.5.1 Totally fill and cap fuel hose samples with ISO 1817 Liquid C for 48 h at room temperature. 4.3.5.2 After exposure, drain hose sample and place in an air-circulating oven for 96 h at 100 C 2 C. 4.3.5.3 Repeat 4.5.1 and 4.5.2 above using fresh ISO 1817 Liquid C. 4.3.5.4 Expose a
32、 25 mm wide x 150 mm long sample cut from the hose cover to ozone to 4.3.7.2 thru 4.3.7.4. 4.3.5.5 Perform Adhesion Test to respective Material Specification. 4.3.6 Dry Heat Resistance. Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENG
33、INEERING STANDARDS GMW15423 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved October 2011 Page 4 of 11 4.3.6.1 For fuel hoses of 19.05 mm ID, perform the following test. 4.3.6.1.1 Expose a 300 mm length of hose for a period of 1 h at 125 C 2 C. 4.3.6.1.2 Remove the hose from the oven and pl
34、ug each end with a short nylon or metal rod and resume heat aging at the temperature specified above for 720 h. 4.3.6.1.3 Remove the hose from the oven, remove plugs, and allow cooling to room temperature for a minimum of 2 h. Flex a 25 mm wide section of hose cut from the center of the test sample
35、between flat plates within 4 s through one-half of its nominal ID. 4.3.6.2 For fuel hoses of 19.05 mm ID, perform the following test. 4.3.6.2.1 The hose shall be exposed 1008 (+0/-2 h) to +90 C 3 C for Temperature limit A, to +125 C 3 C for Temperature limit B and to +150 C 3 C for Temperature limit
36、 C mounted as shown in Figure A4. 4.3.6.2.2 Remove the hose from the oven and allow cooling to room temperature for a minimum of 2 h. Remove the hose from the fixture and slowly (taking 4 to 8 s) straighten it. 4.3.6.2.3 Use visual examination to evaluate the sample. 4.3.7 Heat Aging, Ozone Resistan
37、ce. 4.3.7.1 Heat age a 25 mm wide x 150 mm long sample cut from the hose cover along the longitudinal axis of the hose for 70 h at 125 C 2 C. 4.3.7.2 Firmly fasten the rectangular sample to a test block in such a manner as to cause an extension of 20% as measured between gage marks 100 mm apart cent
38、ered at the middle of the strip. 4.3.7.3 After mounting, the sample shall be permitted to rest in a relatively ozone-free atmosphere for 24 h at room temperature. The mounted sample shall be placed in a suitable ozone test chamber that is maintained at an ozone concentration of 100 5 parts ozone per
39、 100 million parts of air (volume basis) and a chamber ambient temperature of 38 C 1 C. 4.3.7.4 After 2 weeks of exposure, sample shall be removed from the chamber and permitted to cool to room temperature and then, while still on the fixture, shall be visually inspected for signs of cracking under
40、2x magnification. The area immediately adjacent to the sample attachment shall be ignored in making the visual inspection and rating. 4.3.8 Stiffness. 4.3.8.1 Test Sample Preparation. Mount a 125 mm straight fuel filler hose sample in the fixture as shown in Figure A1. The test plugs securing the en
41、ds of the hose must have an OD equal to the nominal ID of the hose being tested. The hose is clamped to the test plugs using constant-dimension clamps. The clamps to be used for the test are to be the production release clamps for the hose, or as specified by the GM Design Release Engineer for the p
42、rogram for which the hose is to be used. Torque the clamps to a minimum of 7.0 Nm. 4.3.8.2 Test Procedure. The test is conducted at ambient (23 C 2 C) temperature. While deflecting the fitting inserted in the upper portion of the fuel fill hose 45 degrees from vertical, record the peak force. Repeat
43、 the measurement at four 90 degree intervals around the circumference of the hose wall. Average the four measurements for the hose sample. 4.3.9 Sour Gasoline Recirculation Test. The hose is exposed to recirculating sour gasoline (Federal Emissions Test Fuel “Tier 2” - T-Butyl Hydroperoxide Mixture
44、defined in 4.3.9.2) for 1008 4 h as shown in Figure A2 with a modified fuel reservoir as shown in Figure A3 according to the following procedures. 4.3.9.1 Connect the test sample as per the fuel recirculation test (Figure A2). 4.3.9.2 Sour gasoline can be purchased from a GM approved supplier or pre
45、pared directly in the laboratory. 4.3.9.2.1 Pre-blended sour gasoline can be purchased from several suppliers using the GM fuel specification GMPT-6-019. 4.3.9.2.2 Sour gasoline can be prepared as follows: Mix 3.8 mL of 70% T-Butyl Hydroperoxide per 1000 mL of Federal Emissions Test Fuel Tier II to
46、GMPT-3-018 (see Note:). Stir vigorously. Allow the water to settle out of the mixture (no less than 3 h). Decant the fuel into a new container. Note: If Test Fuel Tier II cannot be found, use ISO 1817 Liquid C. Deviation must be stated in test report. 4.3.9.2.3 Possible supplier for the fluids for s
47、our gas recirculation test: Gage Products Company (US), Haltermann (US and Europe) and Total (France). Provided by IHSNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15423 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserv
48、ed October 2011 Page 5 of 11 4.3.9.3 Remove 5 mL of fuel and analyze for the peroxide concentration per the Test Method ASTM D3703. The peroxide concentration should equal 540 32 mg/kg initially. Pour the fuel into the reservoir. 4.3.9.4 Set flow rate at 700 mL/minute 70 mL/minute. 4.3.9.5 Maintain
49、the temperature at 40 C 2 C. 4.3.9.6 Measure the peroxide concentration twice each week. 4.3.9.7 Run the test for 6 weeks. Change the sour gasoline after the first 24 h and thereafter: 4.3.9.7.1 When the peroxide concentration is less than 432 mg/kg or greater than 594 mg/kg, or; 4.3.9.7.2 Once a week if the peroxide concentration remains between 432 mg/kg and 594 mg/kg. 4.3.9.8 Correc
