1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW15545 Ultraviolet/Visible Light Transmission Through Cured Paint Film Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2013 Page 1 of 7 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and regulations. Note: In the e
2、vent of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. This standard describes the test procedure to determine the percent transmission of ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) light through free paint films. 1.2 Foreword. Not applicable. 1.3 Appl
3、icability. All vehicles. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. ISO 17025 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW3005 2.3 Additional References. None 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. Accredited to ISO 17025. 3.1
4、.1 Calibration. The test facilities and equipment shall be in good working order and shall have a valid calibration label. 3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables as specified in this standard shall be determined correctly with
5、 respect to their physical definition. 3.2 Equipment. An ultraviolet/visible (UV/Vis) spectrophotometer equipped with an integrating sphere is required for this procedure. A 150 mm integrating sphere is the recommended accessory for measurement of total solar reflectance and transmittance of cured p
6、aint material samples in the automotive industry. Sampling modes include total and diffuse reflectance at an incident angle of 8 and total and diffuse transmittance at normal (0) incidence. 3.2.1. PerkinElmer Lambda 650, 850, 950, or equivalent () can be used. 3.2.2 Paint samples are to be prepared
7、by spray application. Drawdowns are not acceptable. Spraymation equipment or other automatic paint application, is required to apply a uniform layer (film build) of the paint material. 3.2.3 Substrates for Paint Material Application. The paint material source may select the substrate to which the pa
8、int is applied. The substrate may be glass; non-primed, non-UV stabilized Thermoplastic PolyOlefin (TPO); Tedlar TTR10SG4 film; or other substrate as long as it is not chemically reactive during the paint sample preparation process and the paint sample is capable of being removed from the substrate
9、as a free film build sample. The substrate is to be documented and reported by the paint material sample preparation source. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM
10、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15545 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2013 Page 2 of 7 3.2.3.1 If a Tedlar or other flexible plastic film substrate is used, it is to be preshrunk by wrapping a 150 mm x 355 mm piece around a 100 mm x 300 mm panel. Tape all edges o
11、n the back to prevent distortion during bake. Place the substrate on top of another steel panel to prevent tape from coming off when hot. Bake for 15 minutes at 150 C. Pre-baked sheets taped to steel panels can be stored for later use. 3.2.4 Filmbuild Gage. A gage that is capable of providing a 99%
12、confidence level such that the average of no more than ten (10) readings is accurate to 0.63 m. 3.2.5 Calibration Standards. 3.2.5.1 As specified by the manufacturer of the spectrophotometer instrumentation. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. Not applicable. 3.4 Test Time. Not applicable. 3.5 Test Require
13、d Information. Not applicable. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Trained laboratory technicians for preparation of paint samples and operation of equipment. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Place the selected and prepared substrate on an aluminum (or steel) panel with hiding tabs onto the Spraymation bar. 4.1
14、.2 Preparation of Paint Layers For a New Basecoat or Basecoat Color. 4.1.2.1 Primer Surfacer. Spray the primer paint material to achieve minimum film build as noted in Table 1, using the metal panel with hiding tabs as a visual guide. Spraying one (1) end of the film build to a heavy layer of approx
15、imately 6.0 mm of paint may help with removal of paint from the substrate. 4.1.2.2 Basecoat or Monocoat. Spray the basecoat paint material to achieve minimum film build as noted in Table 1 (see responsible GM Color Engineer), using the metal panel with hiding tabs as a visual guide. Spraying one (1)
16、 end of the film build to a heavy layer of approximately 6.0 mm. may help with removal of paint from the substrate. 4.1.2.3 Clearcoat. Spray the clearcoat paint material to achieve minimum film build as noted in Table 1, using the aluminum panel with hiding tabs as a film build guide. Spraying one (
17、1) end of the filmbuild to a heavy layer of approximately 12.0 mm may help with removal of paint from the substrate. 4.1.3 All samples and layers should be flashed and baked at target conditions, per specific paint material technology requirements. 4.1.4 Scribe the paint film build sample with a raz
18、or or scalpel 3 mm from all edges. If using a Tedlar type substrate, cut all the way through the substrate. Turn the sample over and peel the paint film build sample from the substrate, starting at the high film build end, to yield the “free” film. If panels are prepared over glass or metal and a wa
19、ter soak is required for removal, thoroughly dry the samples prior to running on the spectrophotometer (1 h minimum). 4.1.5 Check for pinholes visually, by holding the free film sample in front of a light source. Avoid any sections with pinholes when taking film build or transmission measurements. 4
20、.1.6 Place the free film sample on top of a bare steel/aluminum panel and check filmbuild of each paint layer along both edges of the sample. Avoid the center section, which will be the actual area tested for UV/Vis transmission. When desired film builds are found, mark the paint sample on both side
21、s of the probe and write the film build on the edge of the sample with a permanent marker. Marks should be approximately 32 mm apart, with the desired film build centered in the sample (see Figure 1, View A). 4.1.7 Cut a piece straight across the width of the sample using film build probe markings a
22、s guides. Samples from this section can be prepared for the UV/VIS test (see Figure 1, View B). 4.1.8 The paint samples/free films for the UV/VIS test must be mounted free of wrinkles in a plastic 35 mm slide frame or equivalent. The test piece must be placed in the slide as illustrated in Figure 1,
23、 View A. The paint surface normally in contact with the air when sprayed is identified as the front of the slide. This orientation is necessary for correct readings. The test piece area is approximately 6.2 mm x 19.2 mm. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Mot
24、ors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15545 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2013 Page 3 of 7 4.1.9 Read and record the percent transmittance (%T) per the procedure recommend
25、ed by the spectrophotometer equipment manufacturer and per Section 4.3. 4.1.10 Paint film builds of the test piece are read after UV/VIS test to avoid errors due to distortion that may be caused by the film build gage probe. Ten (10) readings are typically required when using a Fisher Permascope, bu
26、t the supplier must determine gage Repeatability & Reproducibility (R&R) of the instrument and the number of readings required for a given thickness range within 6.5 m statistical accuracy. Report the average film build and the deviation. Table 1: Layering Combinations and Film Build Parameters Note
27、 2, Note 3 B A K E D P S + B C + C C + B A K E FI L M B U I L D B C P + B C + C C + B A K E FI L M B U I L D B A K E D P S + M C + B A K E FI L M B U I L D1 ) P r i m e r ( P S ) 1 ) P r i m e r ( B C P ) 1 ) P r i m e r ( P S ) - W a t e r b a s e 0 . 6 0 - W a t e r b a s e 0 . 6 0 - W a te r b a
28、s e 0 . 6 0- S o l v e n t b a s e 0 . 8 0 - S o l v e n t b a s e 0 . 7 0 - S o l v e n t b a s e 0 . 8 0- P o w d e r 1 . 5 0 - O t h e r T e c h n o l o g y s p e c i f i c2 ) B a s e c oa t ( B C ) 2 ) B a s e c oa t ( B C ) 2 ) M on oc oa t ( M C )- W a t e r b a s eN o te 1- W a t e r b a s eN
29、 o te 1- W a t e r b a s eN o te 1- S o l v e n t b a s eN o te 1- S o l v e n t b a s eN o te 1- S o l v e n t b a s eN o te 13 ) C l e a r c oa t ( C C ) 3 ) C l e a r c oa t ( C C )- 1 K 1 . 5 0 - 1 K 1 . 5 0- 2 K 1 . 5 0 - 2 K 1 . 5 0A B CC O N V E N T I O N A L I N T E G RA T E D P RO C E S S M
30、O N O C O A T1K = One component 2K = Two component Note 1: Film build is to be minimum to achieve the color as specified by the GM Color Development Engineer. Note 2: If a new primer technology or primer color is used, prepare a primer wedge sample and hold the basecoat and clearcoat film builds to
31、the minimums in Table 1. Note 3: If a new clearcoat technology or clearcoat color, prepare the wedge sample for clearcoat and hold the primer and basecoat layers to the minimums in Table 1. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo rep
32、roduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15545 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2013 Page 4 of 7 PS P S / B C P S / B C/ CC B CP B CP B CP / B C/ CC PS P S / M CA L L D I M E N S I O N S I N M MC100300150A B1
33、50aS A M P L E aFigure 1: UV/Vis Sample Preparation (Layering Conditions A, B, and C) 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Not applicable. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on componen
34、t drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.3 Instructions. Additional test operating parameters and report formats are as follows: 4.3.1 Equipment. 4.3.1.1 Scan Speed: 300 nm/minute. 4.3.1.2 Slit Width: 4 nm. 4.3.1.3 Response Factor: 0.5 s. 4.3.1.4 Wave Length: (290 to 700) nm. 4.3.2 Layered Pai
35、nt Chart Scale (See Figure A2). (0 to 1)% transmission (%T) for samples A, B, or C (0 to 5)% transmission scale may also be requested 4.3.2.1 Primer only (If new technology or color) chart scale: (0 to 5)% transmission (%T). 4.3.2.2 Clearcoat only: If new technology chart scale: (0 to 5)% transmissi
36、on (%T). 4.3.2.3 Basecoat only: If new basecoat color only, see the responsible GM Color Engineer. 4.3.3 Data printout of transmission from (290 to 690) nm in 10 nm increments (see Appendix A). 4.3.4 If the multi-layered test sample does not meet the performance requirements stated in GMW3005, rerun
37、 samples at increased film build of the new paint layer and/or increased film build of the primer layer. 5 Data 5.1 Calculations. Not applicable. 5.2 Interpretation of Results. Not applicable. 5.3 Test Documentation. See Appendix A, Figure A1. 5.3.1 Format. All UV transmission curves will be printed
38、 in the format designated by GM engineers. A disk of all UV transmission data for each model year color series will be given to the GM Engineer upon request. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitte
39、d without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15545 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2013 Page 5 of 7 5.3.2 Each transmission curve must contain the following information (see Appendix A, Figure A1): 5.3.2.1 Paint company name. 5.3.2.2 Date char
40、t run. 5.3.2.3 Program model year. 5.3.2.4 Color name. 5.3.2.5 GM XXX color identification code (e.g., GM GAR, .GM GAN) 5.3.2.6 WAXXXX number. 5.3.2.7 Material specification number of system (if applicable). 5.3.2.8 Material specification number of basecoat. 5.3.2.9 Material specification number of
41、clearcoat. 5.3.2.10 Suppliers sales code. 5.3.2.11 Suppliers sample Identification (ID) number. 5.3.2.12 Film build of color coat. 5.3.2.13 Film build of clearcoat. 5.3.2.14 Actual bake (substrate temperature). 6 Safety This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This s
42、tandard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. Not applicable
43、. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. 1K One Component 2K Two Component BC Basecoat BCP Basecoat Primer CC Clearcoat ID Identification ISO International Organization for Standardization MC Monocoat PS Primer Surfacer R&R Repeatability & Reproducibility T Target Bake TPO Thermoplastic PolyOlefi
44、n %T Percent Transmittance UV Ultraviolet UV/Vis Ultraviolet/Visible Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15545 Copyright 2013
45、 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2013 Page 6 of 7 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Test to GMW15545 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in January 2007. It was first approved by the Global Paint & Pol
46、ymers Center Materials Committee in March 2007. It was first published in January 2008. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 JAN 2008 Initial publication. 2 AUG 2013 Revised paint sample film build requirements (Table 1, report formats and bake information of test samples). (Vehicle S
47、ystems-Paint Materials and Facilities) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15545 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Ri
48、ghts Reserved August 2013 Page 7 of 7 Appendix A Paint Company Name: Sample ID Nbr: Date Chart Run: GM Plant: Program Model Year: Clearcoat Basecoat Primer Color Name: GM XXX (Color Code): WAXXXX (if applicable): Material Specification: Supplier Code: Film Build: Actual Bake (Substrate Temperature):
49、 Data Printout of Transmission from 290 to 690 nm in 10 nm Increments: 290 = 0.011 370 = 0.011 450 = 1.231 530 = 3.592 620 = 6.323300 = 0.008 380 = 0.009 460 = 1.427 540 = 3.990 630 = 6.549310 = 0.005 390 = 0.017 470 = 1.607 560 = 4.676 640 = 6.780320 = 0.008 400 = 0.023 480 = 1.800 570 = 5.008 650 = 7.020330 = 0.008 4
