1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW15698 Clamp Load Retention of the Fastened Joint Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 1 of 11 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and regulations. Note: In the event of conflict betwe
2、en the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. Evaluate clamp load retention in a threaded fastener joint. 1.2 Foreword. Any special instructions provided in Test Request documentation will supercede this test procedure unless otherwise specified. 1.3
3、Applicability. This procedure applies to the initial tightening of threaded fastener joints; all joint components must be new/unused unless otherwise specified. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. Non
4、e 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW25 GMW14165 2.3 Additional References. D.C. Electric Tool Manufacturers Operating Procedure Data Acquisition System Manufacturers Operating Procedure 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. GM approved laboratory or location for this test procedure. 3.1.1 Calibration. Test
5、facilities and equipment shall be in good working order shall have valid calibration. 3.1.2 Alternatives. Alternative test facilities and equipment may also be used. However, all measuring variables as specified in this standard shall be determined correctly with respect to their physical definition
6、. 3.2 Equipment. 3.2.1 Torque angle transducer. 3.2.2 Data acquisition system - 1000 Hz minimum sampling rate. Data plotted at user specified scales. All points on the curve shall be identifiable. 3.2.3 Tightening tool. 3.2.4 Appropriate fixtures, bedplate, or slotted table. 3.2.5 Strain indicator (
7、if applicable). 3.2.6 Strain-gaged fastener, force washer, or fastener prepared for ultrasonic measurement. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. 3.3.1 Required test pieces will be specified in Test Request documentation (reference Appendix A, Data Sheet A1). 3.3.2 Test a minimum of eight samples, unless oth
8、erwise specified. 3.4 Test Time. Not applicable. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyright 2013 General Motors Comp
9、any All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 2 of 11 3.5 Test Required Information. Specific conditions and requirements shall be detailed in Test Request documentation (reference Appendix A, Data Sheet A1, or use similar format). 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Test Technician shall be qualified on the basis of ap
10、propriate education, training, experience, and/or demonstrated skills. 4 Procedure 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Samples shall be tested in as-received condition, unless otherwise specified in Test Request documentation. This excludes any condition specifically caused by material storage or configuration (
11、e.g., if debris falls into a threaded hole, it is acceptable to remove debris). 4.1.2 All test configurations, parts, and noted deviations shall be approved before testing. Any modifications made that are not described in Test Request shall be documented in test report. 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environ
12、mental Conditions. Not applicable. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.2.2.1 Additional or modified test conditions shall be outlined in th
13、e Test Request documentation. Deviations from the requirements of this test procedure shall have been agreed upon. 4.2.2.2 Optional. Strength of fasteners with respect to minimum material specifications may be evaluated prior to this testing by one or more of the methods outlined in GMW25 Mechanical
14、 Properties and Material Requirements for Externally Threaded Fasteners. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 Review part quantities and condition. 4.3.2 Secure test part to T-slot table or fixture. 4.3.3 Select proper tool, fastener prepared for ultrasonic measurement, and transducer, or strain gaged fasteners.
15、 (Reference GMW14165 and Data Acquisition System Manufacturers Operating Procedure.) Note: Ultrasonic measurement and strain gaged fasteners are not suitable for the determination of tension in the plastic area. (Reference D.C. Electric Tool Manufacturers Operating Procedure.) 4.3.4 If applicable, c
16、onfigure ultrasonic measurement device to capture tension values. 4.3.5 If applicable, configure strain indicator to capture tension values. 4.3.6 Configure tooling to reproduce requested torque/angle strategy of the fastener. 4.3.7 Align tool and torque transducer to prevent side loading. 4.3.8 For
17、 ultrasonic measurement, verify fasteners have been length referenced and proper bolt files are in use. 4.3.9 Unless otherwise specified, test requestor is to approve test setup. 4.3.10 Unless otherwise specified, run the first sample to the desired tightening specification, recording torque and ang
18、le. Index fasteners to identify rotations as testing progresses. Proceed when requestor has reviewed and approved results. 4.3.11 Complete test matrix, tighten fasteners in the approved tightening sequence. Reference applicable Master Process Document. 4.3.12 Measure tension values of fasteners and
19、record on summary sheet. 4.3.13 Repeat 4.3.10 and 4.3.11 for any remaining test samples. 4.3.14 Summarize results. 4.3.15 Tension values of fasteners to be re-measured when: 4.3.15.1 Sample has reached test hour checkpoint. 4.3.15.2 Sample has reached test cycle checkpoint. 4.3.15.3 Sample has reach
20、ed end of test. 4.3.15.4 At any point specified by requestor. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyright 2013 Genera
21、l Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 3 of 11 4.3.15.5 Upon disassembly of the joint to determine if the tension has returned to the pre-test zero reference point. 4.3.16 Repeat 4.3.11 through 4.3.13 for all test checkpoints up to and including end of test. 4.3.17 Summarize all results
22、. 5 Data 5.1 Calculations. Not applicable. 5.2 Interpretation of Results. 5.2.1 Summary of Results. 5.2.1.1 Provide statistical analysis of maximum torques. Calculate averages, minimum values, maximum values, and standard deviation. 5.2.1.2 Provide detail of failure modes consisting of, but not limi
23、ted to, fastener fracture, component fracture, component distortion or internal or external thread stripping (if applicable). 5.2.1.3 Test incidents to be recorded on Test Data Summary Sheet (reference Appendix B, Data Sheet B1, or use similar format). 5.2.1.4 Test data summarization to be on Test D
24、ata Log Sheet (reference Appendix C, Data sheet C1, or use similar format) and Torque vs. Tension Data Sheet (reference Appendix D, Data Sheet D1, or use similar format). 5.2.1.5 Required plots and tabular data tables include items shown in Table 1. 5.2.2 Summary of Results - Optional. After reviewi
25、ng required data summarization, requestor may ask for additional items including, but not limited to, the following: 5.2.2.1 Summary of results including, but not limited to: tension vs. torque data, upper proportional limit torques, lower proportional limit torques, ultimate torques, and prevailing
26、 torques (reference Appendices D, E and F (Data Sheets D1, E1 and F1) or use similar formats). 5.2.2.2 Optional sample plots and tabular data tables include items shown in Table 2. 5.2.2.3 Magnified Scale Plots - additional plots re-scaled to magnify desired detail of curves. 5.3 Test Documentation.
27、 Any deviations to this procedure are to be entered in the test notes or log sheets. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW1569
28、8 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 4 of 11 Table 1: Torque Tightening Strategy X-Axis Y-Axis TorqueTensionAngleCompressionLoadDisplacementRPM TimeTorque - T5 - - - - - - Slip Torque - - I - - - - - Tension M - M - - - - - Angle - - - - - - - - Compression - -
29、- - - - - - Load - - - - - - - - Displacement - - - - - - - - RPM - - - - - - - - Legend: I = Individual sample plots. D = Dual Y axis plots. M = Multiple sample plot. S = Statistical plot. T = Tabular data table followed by the incremental value. Table 2: Torque Angle Tightening Strategy X-Axis Y-A
30、xis TorqueTensionAngleCompressionLoadDisplacementRPM TimeTorque - T10 DMT10 - - - - - Slip Torque - - DMT10 - - - - - Tension - - - - - - - - Angle - - - - - - - - Compression - - - - - - - - Load - - - - - - - - Displacement - - - - - - - - RPM - - DIM - - - - - Legend: I = Individual sample plots.
31、 D = Dual Y axis plots. M = Multiple sample plot. S = Statistical plot. T = Tabular data table followed by the incremental value. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,
32、-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 5 of 11 6 Safety This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use
33、. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. Failure Modes: May consist of, but are not limited to, fastener fracture, component fracture, com
34、ponent distortion or internal or external thread stripping. Fracture is defined as the partial or complete separation of one or more of the joint components. Lower Proportional Limit: Lower Y value limit for the linear portion of the torque/angle curve on an X-Y plot. Maximum Torque: The maximum tor
35、que value observed during testing of the joint. Prevailing Torque: Maximum torque value observed while rotating the fastener prior to contacting the clamped member of the joint. Test Request Documentation: Forms outlining specific requirements, procedures, and desired results of laboratory test to b
36、e performed. Ultimate Torque: The maximum torque the joint can tolerate prior to fracture or strip. Upper Proportional Limit: Upper Y value limit for the linear portion of the torque/angle curve on an X-Y plot. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. CCW Counterclockwise CW Clockwise Hz Hertz kN K
37、ilonewton Nm Newton Meter RPM Rotation per Minute 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Test to GMW15698 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in October 2007. It was first approved by the Fastening & Sealing Test Lab Global
38、Subsystem Leadership Team representatives in April 2008. It was first published in May 2008. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 MAY 2008 Initial publication. 2 JUL 2013 Five year refresh of standard. Paragraph 4.3.3, added reference to Data Acquisition System Manufacturers Operating
39、 Procedure. (Fastening & Sealing Test Lab Global Subsystem Leadership Team) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyrig
40、ht 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 6 of 11 Appendix A Data Sheet A1: Test Required Information Worksheet Test Title: _ Model Year/Program: _ Test Request Number: _ Requestor/Phone: _ Part Number Quantity Description Fastener Diameter Fastener Grade Or Class Fastener Pi
41、tch 1. Part Disposition at Completion: _ 2. Required Completion Date: _ 3. Master Process Document or diagram attached? Y N, if Yes, Document Identification No. _ 4. Tightening Sequence Required Y N (If Yes, attach diagram) 5. Number and Orientation of Tool Spindles _ (attach diagram if necessary) 6
42、. Tool Type:_ 7. Tool Free Spinning Speed: _ RPM Maximum Torque: _ Nm 8. Tool Downshift Y N (if Yes, Downshift Parameter _ Downshift Free Speed _) 9. Tool Rotation: Clockwise (CW) Counterclockwise (CCW) 10. Tool Trigger: Torque _ Nm Angle _ Degrees 11. Requested Tightening Specification if applicabl
43、e: _Nm. To Fail? Y N 12. Current Tightening Specification if applicable: _Nm. To Target? _Nm 13. Test Piece Orientation (attach diagram if necessary) 14. Test Coupon Used? Y N, if Yes, drawing or sketch required. Test Matrix Step No. Description Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under
44、 license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 7 of 11 Appendix B: Test Data Summary Sheet Data Sheet B1: Gener
45、al Motors Fastener Test Start Date: Test Engineer: Page of End Date: Technician: Test Request Number: Location: File Name: Location: File Type: MC900 Boltmike Megadac Others: Test Title: Test Description: Torqued Member: Clamped Member: Bearing Surface: Stationary Member: Sample Number: Date: Operat
46、or: Comments: Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 P
47、age 8 of 11 Appendix C Data Sheet C1: Fastener Test File Log and Summary Page _ of _ Test Title: Test Request No: Date: Test Location: Requestor: Technician: Sample Hz Filter Hz Comments Date File Name Comments Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors Compan
48、yNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW15698 Copyright 2013 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved July 2013 Page 9 of 11 Appendix D Data Sheet D1: Fastener Test Tension vs. Torque Page _of_ Date: Technician: Location: Requ
