1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Material Specification GMW16072 DOT 3 Brake Fluid Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2011 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 12 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supercedes applicable laws and reg
2、ulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Material Description. Materials covered in this specification are motor vehicle hydraulic DOT 3 brake fluids of the non-petroleum, non-silicone type. 1.2 Symbols. Not a
3、pplicable. 1.3 Typical Applications. This specification details the material and performance requirements for DOT 3 brake fluids for use in the braking system of motor vehicles. 1.4 Remarks. Not applicable. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specifi
4、ed. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. ASTM D92 FMVSS 116 ASTM D1121-98 ISO 4925 ASTM D1193 SAE J1703 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW3059 GMW14934 2.3 Additional References. TMC003 Material Safety Data Sheet guidance documents (available at ). 3 Requirements 3.1 General. Materials furnished
5、 to this specification shall conform to all requirements published in the latest date of issue of specifications SAE J1703, ISO 4925 and FMVSS 116 (DOT 3). This specification also contains additional restrictive requirements. 3.2 Properties. See Table 1. Table 1: Material Requirements Note 1 Propert
6、ies Requirement Test Methods Color Colorless to Amber Visual Flash Point 121 C minimum ASTM D92 Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point (ERBP) 232 C minimum FMVSS 116 Wet ERBP 140 C minimum SAE J1703 pH Value 8.0 to 11.0 SAE J1703 Kinematic Viscosity FMVSS 116 at -40 C, mm/s (cSt) 900 maximum at 50 C, mm/s
7、 (cSt) 5.0 minimum at 100 C, mm/s (cSt) 2.0 minimum Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16072 Copyright 2011 General Motors C
8、ompany All Rights Reserved August 2011 Page 2 of 12 Properties Requirement Test Methods Fluid Stability FMVSS 116 SAE J1703 High Temperature (ERBP Change) and Chemical (ERBP Change) Shall not change by more than 3 C. An additional 0.05 C for each degree that the ERBP of the fluid exceeds 225 C is al
9、lowed, however, the total change shall not exceed 5 C per SAE J1703. Fluidity and Appearance at Low Temperatures Time for bubble to rise up to top of fluid upon inversion of sample bottle FMVSS 116 at -40 C for 144 h 5 s maximum at -50 C for 6 h 15 s maximum Appearance of Fluid No sludging, sediment
10、ation, crystallization or stratification Water Tolerance FMVSS 116 at -40 C Fluidity (time for bubble to rise to top of fluid) 5 s maximum Appearance of Fluid No sludging, sedimentation, crystallization or stratification at 60 C Sedimentation, percent (%) 0.05 maximum Appearance of Fluid No stratifi
11、cation Resistance to Oxidation FMVSS 116 (Mass Loss, mg/cm2) Aluminum Strip 0.05 maximum Cast Iron Strip 0.3 maximum Appearance of Strips No discernable pitting or etching and no more than a trace of gum on surface Fluid Compatibility with Styrene-Butadiene Rubber (SBR) Cups 70 h 70 C 120 C SAE J170
12、3 FMVSS 116 Increase in Hardness, IRHD None None Decrease in Hardness, IRHD 10 maximum 15 maximum Increase in diameter of base of cups, mm 0.15 to 0.90 0.15 to 1.40 Other changes No disintegration (tackiness, blistering or sloughing) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license wit
13、h General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16072 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2011 Page 3 of 12 Properties Requirement Test Methods Fluid Compatibility with Ethyl
14、ene Propylene Diene Monomer (EPDM) Rubber 70 h at 120 C SAE J1703 Increase in Hardness, IRHD None Decrease in Hardness, IRHD 15 maximum Increase in Volume, percent (%) 10 maximum Decrease in Volume, percent (%) None Other Changes No disintegration as evidenced by blisters or sloughing indicated by c
15、arbon black separations on the surface of the test specimen Compatibility with Other Brake Fluids -40 C 60 C SAE J1703 FMVSS 116 Contrast Lines Clearly discernable - Stratification None None Sedimentation, percent (%) None 0.05 maximum Simulated Service Performance (Stroking Test Properties) FMVSS 1
16、16 Pistons Diameter Change, mm 0.13 maximum Performance Shall not freeze or function improperly during test Cylinder Bore Diameter Change, mm 0.13 maximum Appearance Free of deposits which are abrasive or difficult to remove Metal Parts No discernible pitting or etching Rubber Cups Hardness Decrease
17、, points (IRHD) 15 maximum Diameter Increase, mm 0.90 maximum Lip Diameter Set, percent (%) 65 maximum Appearance No evidence of stickiness, scuffing, blisters, cracking, chipping or other change in shape Fluid Volume Loss During any 24 000 Strokes, mL 36 maximum Volume Loss During Final 100 Strokes
18、 of Test, mL 36 maximum Sedimentation, percent (%) 1.5 maximum Appearance No formation of gels Reserve Alkalinity (RA) 30.0 minimum See Appendix A Reserve Alkalinity Retention, percent (%) After Thermal Oxidation Procedure, percent (%) 50 maximum depletion-median 3 tests See Appendix B After Volatiz
19、ation Procedure, percent (%) 50 maximum depletion-median 3 tests See Appendix C Note 1: cm2 = square centimeter cSt = centistokes mg = milligram mm = millimeter mm2/s = square millimeter per second mL = milliliter IRHD = International Rubber Hardness Degree Copyright General Motors Company Provided
20、by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16072 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2011 Page 4 of 12 3.3 Corrosion Characteristics. Brake fluid
21、 shall be tested for 120 h at 100 C, per a modified SAE J1703 corrosion test. The test is modified by the addition of 25 ppm chloride and 5% water. Dissolve 0.033 g of sodium chloride (NaCl) in 40 mL water and add to 760 mL of brake fluid. The requirements are shown in Tables 2 and 3. GM may also re
22、quest additional corrosion testing with zinc test strips added to the SAE J1703 corrosion test. Table 2: Corrosion Test Requirements Note 1 Test Strip Mass Change of Test Strip, mg/cm2 of Surface Tinned Iron 0.2 maximum Steel 0.2 maximum Aluminum 0.1 maximum Cast Iron 0.2 maximum Brass 0.4 maximum C
23、opper 0.4 maximum Note 1: cm2 = square centimeter mg = milligram Table 3: Additional Corrosion Test Requirements Test Requirement Sedimentation of Fluid-Water Mixture, percent (%) 0.05 maximum pH of Mixture after Test 7 to 11 Rubber Cup Hardness Decrease, point (IRHD) 15 maximum Rubber Cup Base Diam
24、eter Increase, mm 1.4 maximum Appearance of Metal Strip No pitting or etching Appearance of Fluid-Water Mixture No jelling Appearance of Glass Jar Walls No crystalline deposit Appearance of Rubber Cups No disintegration (tackiness, blistering or sloughing) 3.4 Bench Tests. Brake system components wi
25、th the fresh and aged candidate fluid per Appendix D shall meet or exceed the baseline requirements of components stroking testing referenced in Table 1 with the current production brake fluid similarly aged per Appendix D. 3.5 Squeak Testing. The squeaking tendency of the candidate brake fluid shal
26、l be tested and approved by the GM Brake Group/Global Subsystem Leadership Team (GSSLT) per the Master Cylinder High Frequency Test specified in GMW14934. 3.6 Brake Component Testing. The candidate brake fluid shall pass any brake system and/or component performance tests specified by the GM Brake G
27、roup/GSSLT. 3.7 Fleet Testing. Any brake fluid approved to this specification shall complete fleet testing and end of fleet fluid and component evaluation as determined by GM Materials Engineering and the GM Brake Group/GSSLT. 4 Manufacturing Process Not applicable. 5 Rules and Regulations 5.1 Legal
28、 Regulations. All materials must satisfy applicable laws, rules, regulations and recommendations valid in the country of usage. 5.2 Language. In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 5.3 Inspection and Rejection. All shipments of
29、 material or parts under contract or purchase order manufactured to this specification shall be equivalent in every respect to the initial samples approved by Engineering. There shall be no changes in either formulation or manufacturing processes permitted without prior notification and approval by
30、Engineering. Lack of notification by the supplier constitutes grounds for rejection of any shipment. While samples may be taken from incoming shipments and checked for conformance to this specification, the supplier shall accept the responsibility for incoming shipments meeting this specification wi
31、thout dependence upon purchasers inspection. The series of tests used to approve each batch of product along with acceptance limits will be agreed upon by the purchaser and seller. The laboratory providing the certificate of analysis must also participate in a proficiency testing program (round robi
32、n) that is approved by the Fuels, Fluids, and Lubricants GSSLT or designate. The Fuels, Fluids, Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDA
33、RDS GMW16072 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved August 2011 Page 5 of 12 and Lubricants GSSLT or designate must receive copies of the proficiency testing reports directly from the test program administrator. 5.4 Initial Source Approval. No shipment shall be made by any supplie
34、r until representative initial production samples have been approved by the Fuels, Fluids, and Lubricants Global Subsystem Leadership Team (GSSLT) or designees meeting the requirements of this specification. 5.5. Material Safety Data Sheets/Safety Data Sheets (MSDS/SDS). For new product submissions,
35、 or when a change in chemical composition of an existing product has occurred, a complete copy of the Material Safety Data Sheet/Safety Data Sheet must be submitted in compliance with the Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals (GHS) requirements or other country-speci
36、fic MSDS/SDS requirements. In addition, product MSDS/SDS submissions must be in compliance with specific country General Motors TMC003 Material Safety Data Sheet/Safety Data Sheet guidance documents where available. 5.6 All materials supplied to this standard must comply with the requirements of GMW
37、3059, Restricted and Reportable Substances for Parts. 6 Approved Sources Engineering qualifications of an approved source are required for this standard. Only sources listed in the GM Materials File (i.e., MATSPC) under this standard number have been qualified by Engineering as meeting the requireme
38、nts of this standard. For other GM locations, the responsible Engineering group should be contacted to obtain the approved source in that individual country. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. MATSPC: Global repository of GM approved materials for corresponding GM Engineering Standards. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviatio
39、ns, and Symbols. AgCl Silver Chloride EPDM Ethylene Propylene Diene Monomer ERBP Equilibrium Reflux Boiling Point FEP Fluorinated Ethylene-Propylene GHS Globally Harmonized System of Classification and Labeling of Chemicals GSSLT Global Subsystem Leadership Team HCI Hydrochloric Acid ID Inside Diame
40、ter IRHD International Rubber Hardness Degree KCl Potassium Chloride LiCI Lithium Chloride MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet NaCl Sodium Chloride OD Outside Diameter PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene RA Reserve Alkalinity SBR Styrene-Butadiene Rubber SDS Safety Data Sheet 8 Coding System This standard shal
41、l be referenced in other documents, drawings, etc., as follows: DOT 3 Brake Fluid per GMW16072 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in September 2008. It was first approved by the Materials group in August 2011. It was first published in August 2011. Issue Publication Date Descriptio
42、n (Organization) 1 AUG 2011 Initial publication. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW16072 Copyright 2011 General Motors Comp
43、any All Rights Reserved August 2011 Page 6 of 12 Appendix A: Determination of Reserve Alkalinity in Brake Fluids A1 Scope Note: This procedure is derived from ASTM D1121-98 Standard Test Method for Reserve Alkalinity of Engine Coolants and Antirusts. It has been modified to use a solvent less prone
44、than water (as in ASTM D1121-98) to induce precipitation of brake fluid components. In addition, it incorporates the brake-fluid-industry practice of normalizing the reserve alkalinity to a 50 mL volume of brake fluid. This procedure does not purport to address all of the safety problems, if any, as
45、sociated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this procedure to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. A2 Definition A2.1 Reserve Alkalinity (RA): The number of milliliters, to the nearest 0.1 mL, of
46、0.100 N aqueous hydrochloric acid required for the titration to a pH of 5.5 of a 50 mL sample of concentrated brake fluid. A3 Procedure A3.1 Preparation of Diluent Ethanol Solution. Prepare the diluent ethanol solution by mixing 80 volumes of ethanol (95%, denatured), with 20 volumes of deionized or
47、 distilled water (satisfying at least Type III requirements of ASTM D1193). Neutralize the diluent to a pH of 7.0 or run a blank titration per procedures in A3.3 with this solution as sample and correct all reported values for the blank RA value of the diluent (not to exceed 0.2). Note: VWR MK701816
48、, 95% ethanol denatured, has been found satisfactory. Equivalent denatured ethanols may be used. A3.2 Measurement and Dilution of Sample. Note: Initial dilutions of the brake fluid prior to titration ranging from 1:10 to 1:30 (brake fluid volume: total volume with diluent ethanol solution) are accep
49、table. Independent of the actual sample volume used for the titration, the final RA and plot of titration should be reported per 50 mL of brake fluid. Suggested procedures: For use with an autotitrator, determine the mass of an approximately 2.0 mL sample of brake fluid to the nearest 0.001 g (volumetric measurements of small samples of brake fluid are often inaccurate, par
