1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW3283 Schopper Abrasion Wear Test Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2011 Originating Department: GME Specification Center Page 1 of 4 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard supersedes applicable laws and regulations.
2、Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. This test procedure shall be used to evaluate the abrasion resistance of automotive trim materials under tension using a Schopper rotary abrasion test. 1.2 Foreword. Not
3、 applicable. 1.3 Applicability. All flat, non-backcoated bolster fabrics and carpets. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 External Standards/Specifications. None 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW3010 GMW3221 3 Test Equipment 3.1 Sch
4、opper abrasion testing machine. See Appendix A, Figure A1. 3.1.1 Adjustable ring clamp to secure test specimen to test head. 3.1.2 Detachable test head with the ability to rotate in both directions. 3.1.3 Weight, (1000 50) g. 3.2 Soft brush with natural bristles. 3.3 White paper or cardboard. 3.4 Cu
5、tting dies or shears for preparation of test specimens. 3.5 Balance, accurate to 0.1 mg. 3.6 Apparatus for conditioning to the appropriate requirements as described in GMW3221, Code A unless otherwise specified in the relevant materials specification. 4 Test Material 4.1 Abrasive Material emery pape
6、r, silicon carbide paper 320 grade, quality CPE 271, 98 mm x 278 mm supplied by the following or equivalent: Carborundum GmbH. Werk II PF 160120 Duesseldorf 13, Germany 4.1.1 In case the emery paper supply is exhausted in your testing lab, please contact your responsible materials engineer for repla
7、cement. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3283 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2011 Page
8、 2 of 4 Note: Depending on the specific properties of each new sand paper lot, it is necessary to verify the new lot at Opel laboratory before distribution. Opel laboratory will provide the necessary amount of sand paper to each GM region, together with a specific lot factor. 5 Test Method 5.1 Summa
9、ry of Test Method. A circular test specimen is abraded using rotary abrasion in both clockwise and counterclockwise directions at a specified speed, pressure and number of rotations. An abrasion block maintains line contact with a test specimen which has been clamped onto a rotating test head, there
10、by producing an abrasive effect in a tangential direction. The test specimen is evaluated for weight loss or the presence of a hole. 5.2 Test Sample Preparation. 5.2.1 Unless otherwise specified in the relevant material specification, conditioning shall be performed according to GMW3221 Code A. 5.2.
11、2 A minimum of three 100 cm2 circular, test specimens shall be cut from various areas of the test material. Any loose or frayed material adhering to the edges of any test specimen shall be removed prior to testing to avoid any subsequent weighing errors. 5.2.3 Overall test specimen thickness shall n
12、ot exceed 12 mm. 5.3 Test Procedure. 5.3.1 Weight Loss Test Procedure. 5.3.1.1 Weigh the test specimen to the nearest 0.1 mg. 5.3.1.2 Using the assembly jig, the test specimen shall be mounted on the test head such that by suitable adjustment of the clamp ring, a bowing of the test specimen on the t
13、est head, dependent on the thickness and ductility of the material under test, is achieved. See Table 1 for bowing height codes. Note: Elongation is the most important factor to consider when determining proper bowing height. Table 1: Bowing Height Codes Code Bowing Height in mm Material 1 5 Sandwic
14、h upholstery fabrics where the elongation is 5 % (test to GMW3010) Thin fabrics or non-laminated upholstery fabrics with a thickness 4 mm. Carpets Minibond upholstery fabrics not used for seat cushion inserts and seat back inserts. 2 8 Sandwich upholstery fabrics with a thickness of 4 mm. 3 - Specia
15、lly defined - 5.3.1.3 Mount the silicon carbide paper onto the abrasion block and add the specified weight. Lower block onto the test specimen and adjust the counter to zero. 5.3.1.4 Switch machine on. After each 100 revolutions, the direction of rotation shall be reversed. 5.3.1.5 After each 500 co
16、ntinuous revolutions on the same test specimen, the silicon carbide paper shall be renewed and the abraded fiber dust removed from the test specimen using the brush. 5.3.1.6 The fiber dust shall be removed after every 100 revolutions. 5.3.1.7 Upon completion of the required number of revolutions, re
17、move the test specimen from the machine, carefully brushing and shaking it out over white paper or cardboard to remove all remaining fiber dust. Continue until no fiber dust particles are visible to the naked eye on clean paper or cardboard. Care must be taken to avoid loss of loose edge fibers. 5.3
18、.1.8 Weigh test specimen to the nearest 0.1 mg and measure the diameter of the abraded area to the nearest 1.0 mm. 5.3.2 Destructive Abrasion Testing. 5.3.2.1 Follow same procedure listed in paragraphs 5.3.1.2 through 5.3.1.5. Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with Gener
19、al Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3283 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2011 Page 3 of 4 5.3.2.2 The number of revolutions shall be continued for the specified nu
20、mber of cycles or until the formation of a hole in the test specimen occurs (refer to paragraph 9.1 for hole definition). 6 Evaluation and Rating 6.1 Weight Loss. 6.1.1 From the measured diameter, the abraded test area shall be calculated in cm2. 6.1.2 From the difference in weight before and after
21、testing, the loss in weight shall be calculated in mg. 6.1.3 The abrasion loss per unit area shall be calculated from the weight loss related to the abraded area in g/m2. 6.2 Destructive Abrasion. 6.2.1 Test specimen shall be examined for the presence of any holes. 7 Report 7.1 For weight loss tests
22、, the results, based on weight loss or abrasion loss per unit area, shall be expressed in g/m2 as the arithmetic average of multiple test results rounded to the nearest 0.1 g/m2. 7.2 For destructive abrasion testing report the presence of any hole(s) at the specified number of cycles. If a hole occu
23、rred before the specified number of cycles is reached, then report the number of cycles that the hole was seen. 7.3 Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upon. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 8 Safety Thi
24、s standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability
25、 of regulatory limitations prior to use. 9 Notes 9.1 Glossary. Hole: Complex break of one thread (warp or weft) between two weaving points, or the breakdown of one mesh. 9.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. Not applicable. 10 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in other documents, d
26、rawings, etc., as follows: Example: Test to GMW3283 1 Where: GMW = Validation Area (GM Worldwide) 3283 = Continuous Number 1 = Bowing Height Code (see paragraph 5.3.1.2, Table 1) 11 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in December 2001. It was first published in December 2001. Issue Pu
27、blication Date Description (Organization) 1 DEC 2001 Initial publication. 2 NOV 2011 5-Year-Refresh, NOT TO TEMPLATE (Worldwide Fabric Specification Team) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted w
28、ithout license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3283 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved November 2011 Page 4 of 4 Appendix A Figure A1: Schopper Abrasion Testing Machine Note: The following applies to Figure A1: 1 Additional weight 2 Counterbalance 3 Abrasion block 4 Abrasion agent 5 Test specimen 6 Clamping device and test head Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
