1、 WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS Test Procedure GMW3402 Soil and Cleaner Resistance of Automotive Materials Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved September 2011 Originating Department: North American Engineering Standards Page 1 of 4 1 Scope Note: Nothing in this standard superce
2、des applicable laws and regulations. Note: In the event of conflict between the English and domestic language, the English language shall take precedence. 1.1 Purpose. This is a two-part procedure. Part A is used to determine the cleanability of materials after having been exposed to a specific soil
3、 and cleaned. Part B measures the ability of the material to resist damage (e.g., color change, surface behavior) from applying specific liquid cleaners to a cloth and rubbing it on the surface. Part B also is used to visually determine if there is a color transfer to the cleaning cloth after having
4、 been rubbed on the surface of the material with the liquid cleaner. 1.2 Foreword. Not applicable. 1.3 Applicability. This procedure is applicable to all materials that may be soiled or cleaned during normal use. The tested material must have an appearance that is acceptable to the customer for appe
5、arance and haptics after having been cleaned according to this procedure. For Part A, any ring formation after cleaning is undesirable and should be noted on the report in the comment section. 2 References Note: Only the latest approved standards are applicable unless otherwise specified. 2.1 Extern
6、al Standards/Specifications. ISO 105-A02 ISO 105-F09 ISO 105-A03 ISO 105-X12 2.2 GM Standards/Specifications. GMW15377 2.3 Additional References. TMC003 Material Safety Data Sheet guidance documents (available at ). 3 Resources 3.1 Facilities. Not applicable. 3.2 Equipment. 3.2.1 Crockmeter as descr
7、ibed in ISO 105-X12. The apparatus should have a cylindrical rubbing finger. 3.2.2 Cotton rubbing cloth, per ISO 105-F09. 3.2.3 Glass Stirring Rod. 3.2.4 Dose Syringe graduated in milliliters (mL). 3.2.5 Analytical Balance, accurate to 0.01 g. 3.2.6 Thermometer, accurate to 0.1 C. 3.2.7 Spatula. 3.2
8、.8 Suitable cutting tools for preparation of test specimens. 3.2.9 Gray Scale for Color Change ISO 105-A02. 3.2.10 Gray Scale for Staining ISO 105-A03. 3.2.11 For cleaning soils (Part A), a toothbrush with soft bristles may be used. Any equivalent small brush having soft bristles approximately 15 mm
9、 in length is acceptable if the bristles do not damage the surface during cleaning. 3.3 Test Vehicle/Test Piece. 3.3.1 Soiling Agents. Note: All volumes are approximately 1.0 mL, weights are 0.5 g (except petroleum jelly). Gently massage soil into material with the smooth rounded end of a stirring r
10、od. The soil should not be spread more than approximately 5 mm in diameter. x Code A: Sewing machine oil (3 to 4 drops) x Code B: Petroleum jelly, colorless (0.05 g) x Code C: Instant coffee (mixed 2.5 0.1 g coffee to 240 5 mL distilled (DI) water. Apply hot coffee when the temperature is between 60
11、 to 80 C (1 mL) x Code D: Ketchup (1 mL) x Code E: Dark blue or black ballpoint pen. Draw an ink spot that is circular and approximately 5 mm in diameter. x Code F: Brown soft drink (cola) (1 mL) x Code G: Regular soy sauce (3 to 4 drops) x Code H: Potting soil fine grained (1 g mixed with 5 mL dist
12、illed water) x Code I: Salt, saturated non-iodized NaCI solution (1 mL) Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3402 Copyright 20
13、11 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved September 2011 Page 2 of 4 x Code J: Chocolate ultra-pasteurization (UHT) milk (1 mL) with 1.5% fat, with pure cacao powder, or equivalent. x Code K: Red drink prepared from Kool-Aid, Frigeo Brause or equivalent with sugar (1 mL); chromophobic dye staff
14、shall be E163. x Code L: Black permanent marker ink. Sharpie brand or equivalent may be used. Draw an ink spot that is circular and approximately 5 mm in diameter. x Code M: EMPA Indigo sulfur black denim for soiling No. 128/1. The soil and heat age shall be as described in GMW15377. 3.3.2 Cleaning
15、Agents. x Code 0: Deionized water x Code 1: Naphtha, (Material Safety Data Sheet) MSDS CAS 64742-49-0 or equivalent. x Code 2: Soap detergent, MSDS CAS 9004-82-4 or equivalent, to contain no optical brighteners, neutral pH (0.5% by weight in distilled water). x Code 3: Glacial Acetic acid diluted in
16、 DI water to a concentration of approximately 2% by weight. x Code 4: Ammonia in DI water to a concentration of approximately 5% by weight. x Code 5: Isopropyl alcohol approximately 70%. 3.4 Test Time. Not applicable. 3.5 Test Required Information. Not applicable. 3.6 Personnel/Skills. Not applicabl
17、e. 4 Procedure Procedure A: Soil Resistance. The specified amount of a soil is applied to one specimen. The soil is rubbed into the material using a glass stirring rod with a rounded tip. The soil must remain on the specimen for a specified amount of time. Each of the soils are then cleaned from the
18、 specimen using the prescribed cleaner(s). See the Material Specification or Table 1 to identify which cleaner(s) to use. Procedure B: Cleaner Resistance. Another test specimen is used to test the colorfastness to rubbing after having been exposed to the cleaners in Part B. One specimen is rubbed wi
19、th a cloth immersed in one cleaner (per specimen) and evaluated for colorfastness. 4.1 Preparation. 4.1.1 Procedure A: Soil Resistance. 4.1.1.1 Cut a test specimen about 100 mm x 100 mm for each soil prescribed in the relevant material specification. 4.1.1.2 Cut a piece of the white rubbing cloth ab
20、out 150 mm x 150 mm for each soil/cleaner combination prescribed in the relevant material specification and Table 1 of this document. 4.1.2 Procedure B: Cleaner Resistance. 4.1.2.1 Cut a test specimen about 125 mm x 75 mm for each cleaner prescribed in the relevant material specification. 4.1.2.2 Cu
21、t a piece of the white rubbing cloth about 25 mm x 25 mm for each cleaner prescribed in the relevant material specification. Note: In the case of intensive wicking of specimens caused by soil or cleaning agents, use a larger test specimen. Table 1: Cleaner Codes Usage Order Soil Code Cleaner Codes i
22、n the Order to be Used A 0 1 2 4 3 B 0 1 2 4 3 C 0 2 3 D 0 4 E 0 5 1 F 0 2 4 3 G 0 2 4 3 H 0 2 4 1 I 0 2 0 J 0 4 2 0 K 0 2 4 3 L 1 2 5 0 4.2 Conditions. 4.2.1 Environmental Conditions. Not applicable. 4.2.2 Test Conditions. Deviations from the requirements of this standard shall have been agreed upo
23、n. Such requirements shall be specified on component drawings, test certificates, reports, etc. 4.3 Instructions. 4.3.1 Procedure A: Soil Resistance. 4.3.1.1 Apply each soil prescribed in the appropriate material specification to a specimen using a dose syringe or spatula. Work soil into the specime
24、n using a glass stirring rod. 4.3.1.2 See pertinent material specification for preconditioning requirements. 4.3.1.3 Remove any excess soil from each specimen using a spatula (for dry soils) or a cotton cloth (for liquid soils). Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with Gen
25、eral Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3402 Copyright 2011 General Motors Company All Rights Reserved September 2011 Page 3 of 4 4.3.1.4 To clean each soiled specimen, immerse a white rubbing cloth i
26、nto each cleaner for a specific soil as prescribed in Table 1. Gently wring the cloth to remove the excess liquid. 4.3.1.5 Use the cloth to blot the soil from the outside of the stain to the inside. When necessary rotate cloth to clean area and continue blotting. Use sufficient pressure to contact t
27、he soil, but not enough to distort the surface of the specimen. Continue cleaning with a cleaner until no color transfer is apparent on the white rubbing cloth. Remove all of the soil with the first cleaner if possible. If multiple cleaners are required, their purpose is to pH balance the sample and
28、 prevent yellowing. 4.3.1.6 Repeat steps 4.3.1.4 and 4.3.1.5 for each cleaner prescribed for the specific soil. Cleaners should be used on the same soiled specimen in the order referenced in Table 1 unless specified differently in the material specification. Allow the cleaned specimen to air dry for
29、 at least 24 hours before evaluation. NOTE: If any soil remains in perforated materials or materials with a deep grain pattern, follow the additional cleaning process recommended in 4.3.1.7 using the Code 2 (soap detergent). 4.3.1.7 Use a small brush, such as a soft bristle toothbrush. Dip the brush
30、 in the cleaning solution and gently shake off excess solution. Gently brush the specimen with a circular motion checking frequently if any color transfer occurs when blotting with a white rubbing cloth or white paper towel. 4.3.1.7.1 If color transfer occurs to the white rubbing cloth or white pape
31、r towel, rinse the brush in Deionized water. Shake off excess water and dip the brush in the cleaning solution. Shake off excess solution and continue to gently brush. 4.3.1.7.2 Repeat the above two steps (4.3.1.7 and 4.3.1.7.1) until no color transfer occurs to the white rubbing cloth or white pape
32、r towel. NOTE: During cleaning, do not soak the specimen. Any excess liquid that accumulates can be removed with a paper towel. 4.3.1.8 Allow the test specimens to air dry for at least 24 h prior to evaluation. 4.3.2 Procedure B: Cleaner Resistance. 4.3.2.1 Fasten the test specimen to the crockmeter
33、. 4.3.2.2 Immerse a 50 mm x 50 mm rubbing cloth into a cleaner prescribed in the relevant material specification. Gently wring the cloth to remove the excess liquid. 4.3.2.3 Mount the white rubbing cloth onto the finger of the crockmeter. 4.3.2.4 Place the finger in contact with the dry specimen and
34、 perform 10 double rubs in a straight line 100 mm long. 4.3.2.5 Remove the rubbing cloth from the finger and set aside, and remove the test specimen from the crockmeter. Identify which cleaner was used on the area tested. 4.3.2.6 Repeat steps 4.3.2.1 through 4.3.2.5 for all cleaners prescribed in th
35、e relevant material specification. Each rubbing test shall be performed on a separate test specimen. 4.3.2.7 Allow test specimens to air dry for at least 24 h. 5 Data 5.1 Calculations. 5.1.1 Procedure A - Soil Resistance. 5.1.1.1 Examine the test specimens for remaining soil, any ring formation, or
36、any color change of the stained area. View specimen from various angles by rotating the specimen and at various distances. Rate the soil resistance using the rating scale in 5.3.1.1. Each soil shall be rated separately. Report any ring formation. 5.1.2 Procedure B - Cleaner Resistance. 5.1.2.1 Exami
37、ne each white rubbing cloth for color transfer. For each cloth, rate the cleaner resistance using the ISO 105-A03 Gray Scale for Staining. 5.1.2.2 Examine the test specimens for appearance changes attributable to the cleaning products. Rate each specimen for appearance change according to the ISO 10
38、5-A02 Gray Scale for Color Change. Report any ring formation. 5.2 Interpretation of Results. See the applicable material specification for requirements. 5.3 Test Documentation. 5.3.1 Procedure A: Soil Resistance. 5.3.1.1 Report the rating for each soil tested. Report any ring formation or any color
39、change of the stained area. Rating Definition 10 No change 8 Slight change: Slight amount of staining visible upon close inspection 6 Moderate change: Noticeable amount of staining visible 4 Significant change: Objectionable amount of staining visible 2 Severe change: Intense staining; dark stains o
40、n light color materials or light stains on dark color materials Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-GM WORLDWIDE ENGINEERING STANDARDS GMW3402 Copyright 2011 Gener
41、al Motors Company All Rights Reserved September 2011 Page 4 of 4 5.3.2 Procedure B - Cleaner Resistance. 5.3.2.1 Report the ISO 105-A03 Gray Scale for Staining rating for each cleaner tested. 5.3.2.2 Report the ISO 105-A02 Gray Scale for Color Change rating of each test specimen rubbed with cleaner.
42、 Report any ring formation. 6 Safety This standard may involve hazardous materials, operations, and equipment. This standard does not propose to address all the safety problems associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health p
43、ractices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 7 Notes 7.1 Glossary. Not applicable. 7.2 Acronyms, Abbreviations, and Symbols. DI water Distilled water MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet UHT ultra-pasteurization 8 Coding System This standard shall be referenced in othe
44、r documents, drawings, etc., as follows: Test to GMW3402 9 Release and Revisions This standard was originated in January 2000. It was first approved by Textiles in July 2000. It was first published in October 2000. Issue Publication Date Description (Organization) 1 OCT 2000 Initial publication. 2 S
45、EP 2005 Global Textile Development Group (TDG). 3 SEP 2009 Changed rating method for Procedure A, editorial changes; Revised Codes H, K, L, and M. Converted to a Test Procedure. Global Textile Development Group (TDG). 4 SEP 2011 Additional wet brushing method for perforated materials or materials with a deep grain pattern. Updated description in Purpose and Procedure. (Textiles/Trim Materials GSSLT). Copyright General Motors Company Provided by IHS under license with General Motors CompanyNot for ResaleNo reproduction or networking permitted without license from IHS-,-,-
